Göteborgs universitets publikationer - e-publicering och e-arkiv
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THE TIMING OF DIGITAL NUDGES Exploring the Impact of Digital Nudge Timing on Password Strength
No full textIn the digital age, passwords remain a primary method of authentication, yet many users create weak passwords, posing serious cybersecurity risks. Digital nudging, rooted in theory on choice architecture, has shown potential in guiding users towards more secure practices by subtly influencing behavior. However, not much is known regarding how the timing of such nudges affect password strength. Existing studies typically focus on the content of the nudge and not as much the timing. This study addresses that gap by exploring whether the presentation of a digital nudge appearing before, during or after a password creation window influences the strength and composition of the passwords created by users.
To investigate this, three survey-based experiments were conducted, each corresponding to a different point in time at which the digital nudge was presented: before, during, or after a password creation window (referred to as the pre, during and post experiments in this essay). Password strength was measured through the use of two established tools, zxcvbn and Password Meter, to assess what this study refers to as the intrinsic and compositional complexity.
Our findings reveal that nudge timing alone did not significantly impact password strength. However, whether participants decided to follow the nudge’s instructions when creating passwords had a significant impact: those who reported ignoring the nudge created significantly stronger passwords in terms of compositional complexity, whereas intrinsic complexity remained the same. This unexpected finding highlights the importance of nudge design and lays the foundation for future research on nudge timings in the cybersecurity field
”Jag tog in hunden genom fönstret”. En kvalitativ intervjustudie kring organisering av hundunderstödd pedagogik i grundskolan och hundens roll som brygga för lärande
No full textMånga elever i skolan behöver stöd både i sin inlärning och i det sociala samspelet med andra barn och vuxna. Utbildade sociala tjänstehundar har i tidigare forskning visat sig ge goda resultat på både lärande och välbefinnande för elever i behov av särskilt stöd. Dock saknas policy och riktlinjer att luta sig mot vid implementeringsfasen. Studien syftade till att undersöka hur sociala tjänstehundar kan fungera som ett specialpedagogiskt verktyg i skolans miljö, samt undersöka hur arbetet kan organiseras med fokus på elevens lärande. I studien undersöktes även hur en skolhund kan möjliggöra deltagande för eleven i undervisningen.
Valet av teoretiskt perspektiv grundar sig i att utforska hur hunden, utifrån det sociokulturella perspektivet, kan användas som medierande artefakt för att skapa en länk mellan elev och pedagog. Hunden blir då ett medlingsverktyg och förstärker kommunikationen mellan pedagog och elev. Teorin och dess centrala begrepp är utvalda för att passa studiens syfte och frågeställningar för att senare användas till analys av insamlad empiri. Studien hade en kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer som grund. I studien deltog totalt fem hundförare och fyra specialpedagoger. Dessa arbetar tillsammans, specialpedagog + hundförare i par, på sina respektive skolor. Samtliga hundförare i studien arbetar även som klasslärare. Studiens kunskapsbidrag ämnar bidra med ny kunskap kring implementeringsarbetet av hundunderstödda pedagogiska insatser i grundskolan. Organiseringen av hundunderstödda pedagogiska insatser undersökts i studien på individ-, grupp- och organistaionsnivå.
Resultatet visade att det är av stor vikt vid implementeringen, av hundunderstödda pedagogiska insatser i grundskolan, att hela elevhälsan samverkar. Vidare visade resultatet att samverkan mellan hundförare och specialpedagog är av stor vikt för att stödinsatserna med hundteam blir adekvata utifrån elevens stödbehov. En slutsats var att skolhunden genom sin roll som medieringsverktyg skapar fler möjligheter till lärande. Insatsen frambringar sammanhang där eleven får stöttning av hunden, under ledning av hundföraren, för att utvecklas i det sociala samspelet med andra elever i en interaktiv lärmiljö. Slutligen visar resultatet i studien att organiseringen har en tydlig påverkan på hundunderstödda insatsers kvalité. En framgångsrik insats utgår ifrån elevens behov av särskilt stöd med lärandemål förankrade i skolans styrdokument. Insatsen ska ske i samverkan mellan de olika professionerna i elevhälsan inklusive specialpedagog, hundförare samt klasslärare
HUR BEDÖMER BILDLÄRARE LIKVÄRDIGT PÅ ESTETPROGRAMMET? - Identifiering av olika diskursiva praktiker
No full textAim: Visual arts teachers might seem to assess and grade different in upper second ary school in Sweden. Depending on school and teacher it may seem like as sessment and grading sometimes are arbitrary, despite the School board’s
guidelines and governing documents about equivalence. There was a know ledge gap which suited for a master thesis to fill with new empirical material.
Theory: The critical discourse analysis and specifically through Fairclough’s three-di mensional framework model with the headings text, discourse practice and dis cursive social-cultural practice, have been used in the thesis.
Method: Five visual arts teachers have been interviewed about their assessment- and
grading practitioner, in relation to the governing documents. They have also
contributed with assessment and grading of a fictive image task, and submitted
an image assignment authored by themselves.
Results: The five visual arts teachers represent and practice five different discourses:
Ardent discourse, Accurate discourse, Distinct discourse, Reluctant discourse
and Intuitive discourse. These correspond to five different strategies for as sessing and grading in the upper secondary school. None of the extremes is ad vocated but instead the middle way Distinct discourse, which includes both the
theoretical correctness and a practical artistry. This, plus cooperation between
visual arts teachers, seem to be the best way of reaching equivalence in assess ment and gradin
Unfolding the Change A retrospective study of the implementation of a digital strategic change
No full textMSc in ManagementThis article presents a case study on the digitalization and standardization process of e commerce products through the digital strategic change done at GrandVision. This
study examines the digitalization and standardization of e-commerce product imagery
through the Out of Global Packshots Project at GrandVision. It traces the design and
implementation of the strategic change initiative and revisits the perspectives of three
key actors involved. The study intended to shed light on the project's development and
its alignment with the goals of the top management and the operational knowledge of
the Packshot team. Through three isolated and semi-structured interviews with key
actors involved in the Out of Global Packshot project, the research reveals different
perspectives about the same phenomenon. The findings highlight the importance of
effective communication and better planning as crucial factors for successful
implementation. The article suggests further research, including exploring OpCos'
perspectives on the impact of this strategic change and investigating data that supports
the perceptions of the interviewed individuals
Kvantifiering av resurser för kvantberäknkngar med kontinuerliga variabler
No full textFor quantum computers that employ continuous variables to have exponential computational advantage over classical computers, as well as good error-correcting components, quantum states with the property of being non-Gaussian need to be implemented. These, however, are often hard to create. One solution is to approximate them with states of lower stellar rank, with the accuracy of approximation calculated via stellar fidelity.
In this thesis, stellar fidelities of three different non-Gaussian states have been numerically computed using optimization programs in Python. It was found that: 1. For Fock states, it is more beneficial to use core states rather than single-component Fock states to approximate them. Further, as the n for Fock target states increases, the stellar fidelity of core states with stellar rank n − 1 follows an interesting pattern. 2. For binomial plus states, some of them, despite their stellar rank being high, resemble Gaussian states, which gives stellar fidelity measurements support as a complement to stellar rank. 3. Even cat states are dependent on the parameter α, which should be high for optimal error correction, but the stellar fidelity computations in this thesis show that stellar fidelity is lower when α increases. An interesting phase transition in the stellar profiles of cat states was also found
Veien ble til mens vi gikk. Om taus kunnskap, refleksjon og praksisfellesskap blant ansatte i et utlendingsfengsel
No full textDenne studien undersøker utfordringene knyttet til fengselsansattes arbeid i Kongsvinger fengsel, en spesialisert enhet innen norsk kriminalomsorg der målgruppen omfatter kun utenlandske innsatte som skal utvises eller soningsoverføres til sine hjemland.
Formålet med studien er å utforske det spesifikke innholdet i den tause kunnskapen, hindringene og mulighetene for kunnskapsdeling, samt erfaringens og refleksjonens rolle når det gjelder å gjøre denne kunnskapen synlig og bevisst for individ og gruppe. På bakgrunn av dette tar studiet også sikte på å gi en bedre forståelse av kunnskapen der den produseres og praksisfellesskapenes rolle for kunnskapsdeling og utvikling av praksis innenfor en spesialisert og utfordrende kontekst innen norsk kriminalomsorg der tilbudet om kompetanseheving og organisert faglig veiledning er sparsomt eller ikke eksisterer.
Ved hjelp av kvalitative metoder, inkludert individuelle intervjuer, fokusgruppeintervjuer og lydopptak fra gruppesesjoner i dialogmetoden Livspondus, undersøker studien hvordan fengselsansatte utvikler og deler kunnskap i en kontekst hvor språk og kulturforskjeller oppleves som de største utfordringene i arbeidet med de utenlandske innsatte. Funnene viser at ansatte tilegner seg kunnskap gjennom praktisk erfaring, samarbeid med kolleger og strukturert refleksjon i praksisfellesskap. Konseptet dynamisk sikkerhet fremstår som en kjernekomponent i deres arbeid, der relasjonsbygging med innsatte er av stor betydning til tross for kommunikasjonsutfordringer.
Resultatene viser at taus kunnskap er sentral for ansattes kompetanse, men den forblir i stor grad uartikulert. Refleksjon, både individuelt og i grupper, er avgjørende for å synliggjøre denne kunnskapen og muliggjøre videre utvikling av praksis. Studien identifiserer samtidig betydelige barrierer for kunnskapsdeling, slik som ressursbegrensninger, bemanningsutfordringer og organisatoriske omstruktureringer, som begrenser tilgangen til ulike praksisfellesskap.
Ved å anvende teorier om taus kunnskap, refleksjon, praksisfellesskap og bakkebyråkrati, bidrar denne avhandlingen til en dypere forståelse av muligheter og hindringer for kunnskapsdeling innenfor kriminalomsorgen. Funnene understreker behovet for strukturerte faglige utviklingsmuligheter for å styrke ansattes kompetanse og forbedre deres muligheter til å håndtere de komplekse realitetene de møter i arbeidet med utenlandske innsatte
How do Swedish SMEs position themselves within international business networks to become “insiders”?
No full textThis thesis investigates how Swedish SMEs strategically position themselves to become insiders within international business networks, overcoming barriers to internationalization in a globalized market. Although SMEs constitute the majority of EU businesses, many face challenges accessing foreign markets and expanding exports. The study emphasizes the vital role of building trust at both individual and organizational levels, actively participating in international trade fairs, conducting direct outreach, and leveraging digital tools to expand networks and strengthen capabilities. Strategic acquisitions also serve as effective means to gain market entry and competitive advantages. However, challenges such as becoming overly dependent on key partners and relying too much on digital tools at the expense of personal relationships should be taken into consideration. Navigating international regulations and maintaining clear agreements with partners is also essential to avoid misunderstandings and reduce risk. To address these issues, the thesis recommends a flexible, relationship-driven approach that combines technology and cultural adaptation while carefully managing risks. Building trust and strong network ties is essential for SMEs to successfully become insiders and achieve international growth
TRADITION ELLER VARIATION? En kvalitativ textanalys av diskursen i partiledartalen i Almedalen
No full textAlmedalsveckan is a central institution in Swedish politics. As an arena for policymakers,
voters, authorities, and others, it has become a well-known meeting point for individuals with
diverse knowledge of Sweden's democratic processes. The purpose of this study is to examine
the phenomenon of Almedal speeches by analyzing how party leaders use them to communicate
with voters. By analyzing the speeches, the study aims to identify recurring themes and patterns,
which will help to conclude the nature of Almedalsveckan's institutional strength as a political
arena in Sweden. In my study, I analyze the party leaders' speeches at Almedalsveckan from
three key perspectives through qualitative analysis: political rhetoric, election pledges (from a
mandate-seeking perspective), and accountability. My hypothesis suggests that there will be
significant similarities in the speeches, regardless of party affiliation or government position.
However, my results indicate that the patterns found suggest that party leaders use the speeches
at Almedalsveckan as an expression of personal style and rhetoric, rather than a style specific
to the political event itself. This result indicates that there might not be a distinct institutional
strength in the phenomenon of Almedalsveckan, and that the week should be studied as a
platform for democracy, but not necessarily any different from other political contexts. This
thesis contributes to the understanding of the complex role of Almedalsveckan in Swedish
politics and the strategic considerations behind the party leaders' speeches
The CSRD as a trigger for change A contemporary study on how the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive drives innovation and brings institutional effects
No full textMSc in International Business and TradeThe Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) is said to be a paradigm shift in sustainability
reporting. With its extensive framework, organizations face the challenge of becoming compliant in a
short time. This thesis is a case study of the apparel sector, with a particular focus on the sports and
outdoor industry. It examines how the CSRD drives change within affected organizations through the
lens of institutional and innovation theory. This thesis employs a qualitative research approach, with
interviews as an empirical data collection method. Our conclusions show that the CSRD drives change
through the implementation of new processes, methods, and innovations, as well as strong influences
of legitimacy-seeking behavior. Data collection necessary to comply with the directive poses a
challenge, as no dominant IT-system exists, despite many emerging tools. Prerequisites such as
company size and resources determine the level of difficulty when facing the directive. Consultants
play a crucial role, both in translating the directive and offering legitimacy to organizations
DUMPING ON STOCKHOLMARNA A GEOCHEMICAL, HYDROGEOLOGICAL, SEDIMENTOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL EXAMINATION OF A MID-1900S DUMPSITE
No full textThis study examines an early 1900s dumpsite in the estuary of the Nordre Älv river, which is currently
located within a nature reserve. It investigates several factors, including the degree of contamination
of the dumped masses, to what extent the surrounding estuary is contaminated by the dumpsite, and
which measures might be taken to reduce the risk of future damage to the estuary. PXRF analysis of
fine material extracted from sediment samples is used to determine comparative contaminant
concentrations in said samples. The investigated contaminants are the heavy metals chromium,
copper, zinc, lead, mercury and arsenic.
The study attempts to substanitate oral records of the active years of the dumpsite through basic
historical and archaeological research, and broadly agrees with the 1925 – 1942 active dates
proposed by previous researchers. These dates have been refined, with a definite end in October
1941.
The study finds that the dumpsite is significantly contaminated in heavy metals, with regards to both
its soil and groundwater. The river sediment surrounding the dumpsite is found to be contaminated
by it, but not symmetrically, with the majority of contamination seemingly occurring through
mechanical erosion of the dumpsite into the bay to the southwest. Erosion control of the bank facing
this bay is therefore suggested as a means of significantly limiting further contamination.
The dumpsite is known to be used for intermittent sheep farming and has been used in the past for
potato cultivation. Based on the heavy metal concentrations in the soil and groundwater of the
dumpsite, neither of these activities are deemed suitable, and I strongly suggest that all agriculture
and animal husbandry on the dumpsite cease immediately. Among livestock, sheep are especially
prone to consuming soil along with vegetation, and it is my opinion that any products of the sheep
raised on the dumpsite should be treated as suspect. At minimum, an investigation into the heavy
metal contents of meat, bone, leather and milk is suggested prior to human consumption