Göteborgs universitets publikationer - e-publicering och e-arkiv
Not a member yet
78804 research outputs found
Sort by
Förskollärares uppfattningar om ämnesöverskridande undervisning genom estetiska uttrycksätt
No full textEn granskning av Skolinspektionen (2018) visar på stora kvalitetsskillnader på förskolor i Sverige, detta kan leda till att det inte blir en likvärdig utbildning för barnen på de olika förskolorna i landet. Granskningen visar att undervisning som målstyrd process behöver befästas som en del av det pedagogiska arbetet med barn i förskolan.
Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur förskollärare arbetar med estetiska uttryckssätt som ämnesöverskridande undervisning i förskolan. Vi har inspirerats av aktionsforskning för att undersöka förskollärares uppfattningar om ämnesöverskridande undervisning genom estetiska uttrycksätt. Vi planerade och genomförde en filmad aktion med musik och matematik som sedan använts som diskussionsunderlag vid intervjuerna. I Studien undersöks även vilka möjligheter och hinder de sju intervjuade förskollärarna på de tre olika förskolorna ser i undervisningen.
Efter genomförd undersökning visar resultaten att majoriteten av förskollärarna önskar att arbeta mer med ämnesöverskridande undervisning genom dans, musik och drama. Dock lyfter de intervjuade förskollärarna i denna studie att de hindras av hur obekväma de är att undervisa genom estetiska uttrycksätt, vilket kan påverkas av hur mycket eller lite utbildning förskollärarna fått kring estetiska uttrycksätt i förskollärarutbildningen
Depictions of Violence in Literature. A discourse analysis of how violence is portrayed in Anna Burns novel "Milkman" (2018)
No full textThis thesis examines depictions of violence in the novel "Milkman" (2018) by Anna Burns. This connects to the conflict ”The Troubles” in Northern Ireland from 1960 to 1998. The purpose of this essay is to examine how violence is shaped and contributes to social problems. Furthermore, how structures and ascendancy are maintained during the conflict, ”The Troubles”. Under these conditions, changes occurred in the survival strategies of the authority and the population. This relates to the social norms the society created for the population to follow. Therefore, this study shows that the environment affects the authorities control and monitoring strategies. This essay is comparative, which is displayed in an analysis. The analysis is based on Laclau and Mouffe's discourse theory and discourse analysis. However, I concluded in the analysis that the violence depicted in "Milkman" does not live up to the definitions used by known authorities. The portrayal of violence is therefore in need of improvement. The analysis also showed that the portrayal of violence has a direct impact on ascendancy and social structures, in conjunction with influencing the conflict ”The Troubles”
En kvantitativ innehållsanalys om frekvensen av politainment hos politiska ungdomsförbund på TikTok år 2023 respektive år 2024
No full textExecutive summary
The political landscape is constantly changing and influenced by outside forces. The strong
connection to the traditional media has evolved to include a new important part, social media.
A good way for the politics to utilize social media is through their youth associations, whose
main purpose is to engage young people and spark their interest in politics.
Due to the increasing influence of social media, the politicians, parties and various actors
have to adapt to its demands, to be able to gain visibility on these platforms. One way to
adapt is to become more entertainment driven, because these platforms are a safespace where
people find time to relax and have a good time. With a growing emphasis on simplified,
engaging and more fun political massages, political communication has changed its form.
This phenomenon is referred to as “politainment” and encapsulates the merging of politics
and entertainment.
The purpose of this study is to examine and measure the frequency of politainment in
Swedish political youth associations political communications. This is achieved by measuring
entertaining content in the publications on the social media app TikTok, from the two largest
political parties youth associations, Sveriges Socialdemokratiska Ungdomsförbund (SSU)
and Moderata ungdomsförbundet (MUF).
By analyzing publications from two different years, the EU election year 2024 and the non
EU election year 2023, this study intends to measure and compare the occurrence of
politainment. To detect if the entertaining elements in the youth associations political
communication increase or decrease depending on social circumstances, as an election. Our
three research questions are following;
1. How often do youth associations use entertainment in their publications in connection
with the non EU election year 2023 versus the EU election year 2024?
2. How often do youth associations use political messages in their publications in
connection with a non EU election year 2023 versus the EU election year 2024?
3. How often do youth associations use entertainment in their political messages in
connection with the non EU election 2023 versus the EU election year 2024?
To measure the frequency of politainment, a quantitative content analysis has been
conducted. The TikToks, that refers to a publication on the platform, has been analysed by
coding occurrences of various entertainment aspects based on TikToks affordances. These
aspects include music, sound, dance, mockery, challenge, filter, visual effects and vlog. The
TikToks were also coded to determine if they were political content. The analysis units that
were coded amounted to a total of 484 units.
The results of the study concludes that there is indeed a frequent use of the combination of
entertainment and politics. When the parties communicate political messages, they also often
use an entertaining aspect, such as music or a visual effect. However not to the extent we
thought, since it turned out that the youth parties did not take advantage of all the entertaining
possibilities available on the platform. Of the eight variables that could be coded, the average
affordance used was around 1.5 in both years, with a slight increase observed in the
non-election year 2023.
The results also show that the youth associations show a more serious side of themselves and
publish more political based content, during the election year. More entertaining content,
without political messages occured to a greater extent during the non EU election year 2023.
However, as social media continuously grows in power we do believe the phenomenon of
politainment has only just begun to develop and it will be interesting to follow the evolution
in future studies
Unintended pregnancy and early medical abortion
No full textBackground: Very early medical abortion (VEMA) is performed before the confirmation of intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) by ultrasound. Over the past 25 years, more women have sought abortions earlier in pregnancy. Concerns about VEMA’s effectiveness and the risk of ectopic pregnancy (EPs) have resulted in inconsistent practices, multiple clinic visits, and limited access to care. While many countries adopted telemedicine abortion during COVID-19 to minimize in-person visits, Swedish regulations still required all women seeking medical abortion to attend in person for an examination and to receive mifepristone under clinical supervision.
Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to increase the safety and accessibility of early medical abortion by expanding available knowledge and obtaining data to develop evidence-based guidelines.
Methods: This thesis comprises four studies using quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Study I: a retrospective case note review; Study II: a multicenter, multinational randomized controlled trial; Study III: a cohort study from the randomized controlled VEMA trial; Study IV: a qualitative study with semi-structured interviews.
Results: Complete abortion was defined as no ongoing pregnancy or need for further surgical intervention. In Paper I, the success rate of VEMA was 97.6% (660/676), and the number of ongoing pregnancies was (0.59%). The success rate was lower (93.1%) in pregnancy of unknown location compared to those with a probable intrauterine pregnancy (98.4%). Six cases of EPs (0,88%) required post-abortion treatment; in Paper II, the success rate was 95.2% (676/710) in the VEMA group and 95.3% (656/688) in the standard (delayed) treatment group, with a risk difference of only 0.1 (CI -2.3, 2.3). Ongoing pregnancy rates were higher (3.0% vs. 0.1%; RR 20.3, CI 2.74, 151), but surgical interventions were lower (1.8% vs. 4.5%; RR 0.41, CI 0.21, 0.77) in the early group. Ten cases of EPs (1.3%) were identified in the early group, and 6 cases (0.8%) in the standard group; Paper III, a decline in hCG level of ≥80% was observed in ≥ 95% of cases with complete abortion (533) 7 (+/- 2) days post-abortion, regardless of baseline hCG levels. Rising or insufficient decline (<80%) indicated ectopic and ongoing pregnancy; in Paper IV the participants found it easy to contact the abortion clinic but faced undesired waiting time, gynecological exams were appreciated by most but distressing for some. Telemedicine abortion and home administration of mifepristone were seen as good options in addition to in-person care.
Conclusion: This thesis confirms the efficacy and safety of VEMA, validates hCG monitoring as a reliable follow-up method after VEMA, and emphasizes patient satisfaction with in-person abortion care while highlighting the potential benefits of more flexible abortion services
FAKE NEWS – DEMOKRATINS UTMANING En experimentell studie om förebyggande åtgärder mot politiska fake news på sociala medier
No full textWith the growing influence of social media, the spread of political fake news presents a significant challenge to democracy. This study examines the effects of two preventive measures against political fake news on social media: short warnings promoting critical thinking, and prompts encouraging counterfactual thinking. Using an experimental survey design with 405 participants, randomly assigned to one of three conditions, the study tests three hypotheses. The aim was to determine whether these strategies helped users better evaluate the truthfulness of political claims, or whether they increased uncertainty and skepticism about their own evaluations. The results show that short warnings improved overall accuracy in truthfulness assessments, while encouraging counterfactual thinking did not. However, when analyzing true and false claims separately, both interventions were more effective at identifying false claims, emphasizing their potential in combating disinformation. No significant differences were observed in users' confidence in their ability to assess the truthfulness of the claims, suggesting that the interventions did not influence participants' belief in the accuracy of their own judgments. These findings provide new insights into combating disinformation and promoting critical thinking, particularly within the Swedish context. Despite small effect sizes, the study highlights the need for further development of preventive measures tailored to digital media environments to support a well-functioning democratic process
Advancements in the Neuropsychology of Alzheimer's Disease
No full textBackground: In Alzheimer's disease (AD), the buildup of amyloid-β and hyperphosphorylated
tau protein in the brain starts years before clinical symptoms appear. This process then progresses
in parallel with cognitive decline, from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. Developments in
AD biomarkers have improved the detection of underlying pathophysiological processes.
Concurrently, methodological advancements in cognitive testing have been made. In this thesis,
key challenges in the neuropsychology of AD are addressed to improve clinical practice and
inform clinical trials. These challenges include the lack of demographically adjusted cognitive
test norms, the need to map the sensitivity of cognitive measurements across AD stages, and the
use of remote, unsupervised cognitive testing as a scalable tool to facilitate early detection of AD.
Methods and results: In Paper I, demographically adjusted norms for a cognitive test used in
Swedish clinical practice were developed. These norms demonstrated better performance
compared to the original norms in an independent validation sample. In Paper II, novel non-linear
mixed-effects methods were used to construct a timeline of disease progression, from preclinical
AD to dementia, for various cognitive measures. The sensitivity of these measures was assessed,
revealing variability both across and within clinical AD stages. In Papers III and IV, the
feasibility, reliability, and validity of digital cognitive tests, administered remotely and
unsupervised, were investigated. Paper III demonstrated that meaningful cognitive data could be
collected remotely, and validity in relation to conventional cognitive measures was established.
In Paper IV, the relationship between preclinical AD biomarkers and digital test performance was
examined in individuals from a population-based study, revealing associations between
cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-β levels and test performance.
Conclusions: This thesis contributes to the advancement of neuropsychological methods for AD
assessment, addressing key challenges. In Paper I, the findings emphasize the need for updated
norms in neuropsychological practice. The revised norms in Paper I can be directly implemented
by clinicians to improve diagnostic processes. In Paper II, insights into the cognitive trajectory
of AD were provided, supporting more informed selection and interpretation of cognitive tests,
with applications in both clinical practice and trials. Findings in Papers III and IV highlight the
potential of digital tests as cost-effective, non-invasive tools for cognitive screening, particularly
in clinical trials evaluating disease-modifying interventions in preclinical AD
“Hon förtjänar så mycket mer” En fenomenografisk studie om delaktighet för barn med diagnosen autism i förskolan
No full textStudiens syfte var att undersöka hur pedagoger i förskolan uppfattar att de arbetar med fenomenet delaktighet för barn med diagnosen autism i verksamheten. Undersökningen byggdes på två frågeställningar: 1. Hur uppfattar förskolepedagoger att barnen med diagnosen autism är delaktiga i verksamheten? 2. Hur uppfattar förskolepedagoger att de arbetar med delaktighet för barn med diagnosen autism i verksamheten?
Bakgrunden i studien redogör för diagnosen autism, för studiens bärande begrepp delaktighet samt om inkludering som ett skolpolitiskt mål. I bakgrunden nämns även regelverk samt litteratur om vikten av tidiga insatser, pedagogiska relationer och tydliggörande pedagogik. Den tidigare forskningen fokuserar på delaktighet för barn med diagnosen autism i förskolan, vikten av goda relationer mellan pedagog och barn samt anpassningar i verksamheten. De specialpedagogiska perspektiv som fokuseras i studien är det kompensatoriska och det kritiska perspektivet, samt kategoriskt och relationellt perspektiv. Undersökningen utgick från ett målstyrt urval där datainsamlingen har skett genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med åtta förskollärare och en specialistbarnskötare. Studien antog en fenomenografisk ansats. Analys av studiens empiri utfördes för att identifiera olika uppfattningar om fenomenet att arbeta med delaktighet. Delaktighetsmodellen har använts som utgångspunkt för förståelsen av begreppet delaktighet. Modellen har även använts som analysredskap i bearbetning av resultatet.
Resultatet visar att det är pedagogerna som skapar möjlighet till delaktighet för barnet med diagnosen autism. Resultatet visar även att det är grundläggande att bygga upp en tillitsfull relation till barnet med diagnosen autism. En relation som innefattar fysisk närhet och en förståelse för barnets behov. Pedagogernas medvetna anpassningar och utbildning om diagnosen visade sig vara av vikt för att möjliggöra delaktighet för barnen med diagnosen autism i förskolans verksamhe
Påverkan av en ESG faktor på portföljavkastning
No full textSustainability gets more important each day, requiring companies to adapt on a much larger scale than before. Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) is a global annual rating covering multiple measures, sectors and areas of sustainability given to companies by institutions with ESG expertise, such as Refinitiv Eikon, MSCI, or Sustainalytics. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and evaluate the influence of an ESG factor on portfolio performance. Ten portfolios are constructed based on the size of the Swedish firms. The time series regressions analysis, which covers the period between 2019-2023, is used. The dependent variables are the firms’ performance, and the independent variables are ESG factor, market index factor (OMXSPI), and several macroeconomic factors, such as GDP growth, inflation, interest rates, and exchange rates. The results indicate that the ESG factor is not significant for any of the ten portfolios generated with stocks from the Swedish stock market, OMX Nasdaq Stockholm. The market index factor, and macroeconomic factors, show strong significant values, highlighting its importance in portfolio returns. Our results go in line with expectations and past research, indicating that an ESG factor is not as crucial as macroeconomic factors in portfolio returns in the Swedish stock market
KOMMUNIKATÖRSROLLENS PROFESSIONALISERING. En kvalitativ studie om kommunikatörens upplevelser av sin yrkesroll
Full text linkThe communication profession is in many ways characterized by diversity and ambiguity. The
profession includes over 100 titles and even if some titles are the same, the work can differ due to
a variety of different terms and conditions that affect an organization, including institutional
terms. This thesis explores how people that work with communication in a variety of
organizations perceive their roles and legitimacy within the organizations as well as from external
stakeholders and the public eye. The study is inspired by Anderson’s four criteria for a
professionalization, trust from stakeholders, a communal identity, independence, and scientific
solutions. With two research questions – How do communication professionals perceive their role and
legitimacy internally? and how do they perceive it externally? – the study is focused on the criteria of the
trust from stakeholders. With that said the study also explores the rest of the criteria, as well as
how institutional conditions, organizational structures and expectations shape communication
professionals’ work, identity and recognition. By identifying patterns across organizational
context, the thesis seeks to illuminate how these factors interact to impact the professionalization
and status of communication roles. The study reviews the definition of a communications officer
and the challenges of professionalizing the field. The communication profession is broad, with
high yet indistinct competence requirements. Professionals are expected to possess a wide variety
of skills while employers simultaneously seek specialized expertise. This tension in expectations
complicates professionalization and affects the status and legitimacy of the work. Previous
research highlights issues such as role ambiguity, lack of trust, and the absence of a cohesive
professional identity. This includes how communication professionals often face unclear role
expectations and low recognition of their contributions, both within organizations and among
external stakeholders. Additionally, it states that a persistent gap exists between the skills
demanded and their perceived value. Scholars identify the communication profession as a
semiprofession, marked by incomplete fulfilment of professionalization criteria. This study seeks to
further explore these dynamics and their implications for the field. The theoretical framework is
built on the theory of professionalization and how it has been applied to analyse occupations
striving for greater recognition and status. Professionalization theory emphasizes the importance
of achieving legitimacy, a strong collective identity, and autonomy in a field, as well as the
integration of research-based practices to enhance credibility. The framework draws particularly
on Andersson’s criteria for professionalization to evaluate the challenges and opportunities for
communication professionals. By grounding the analysis in these theoretical constructs, the thesis
seeks to provide insights to how the field might progress toward increased recognition and
legitimacy. Additionally, the framework incorporates institutional theory to examine how external
conditions, such as societal norms, organizational expectations, and regulatory frameworks, shape
professional roles and practices. By combining professionalization and institutional theories, the
thesis explores how institutional conditions, such as those found in the private, public, and nonprofit
sectors, interact with professionalization efforts. This approach provides insights into how
communication professionals can balance sector-specific demands with the pursuit of a
more unified professional identity, thereby advancing recognition and legitimacy within the field. The
analysed material is built upon semi-structured qualitative interviews with ten respondents,
representing organizations that stands before different institutional and organizational terms. The
selection of respondents is wide in background and work title due to the fact that we wanted to
highlight the differences in the communication work field. With that said the selection is based
on criteria such as people working with communication in a private, public or non-profit sector
and organizations within Gothenburg. Our findings indicate that people in communication
frequently experience confusion and ignorance from colleagues as well as from the public
regarding their role and its value. It highlights how the lack of understanding impacts the
communication professionals in their daily work and challenges their ability to gain recognition.
Internally, communication professionals often struggle with fragmented roles that require
balancing both operational and strategic tasks. This duality leads to perceptions of being
generalists rather than specialists, resulting in their contributions being undervalued or
overlooked in long-term organizational planning. A recurring challenge is demonstrating the
value of communication efforts to leadership, where measurable outcomes often overshadow
intangible, long-term benefits. Limited resources and prioritization of immediate tasks further
exacerbate these difficulties. Externally, communication professionals face challenges in building
legitimacy. Misconceptions about their work persist, particularly in the public sector, where media
often portrays communicators as unnecessary or costly. While awareness of the field has
improved, the diversity of responsibilities and the lack of a unified identity complicate efforts to
establish recognition among external stakeholders. Practical experience and continuous learning
are often emphasized by respondents as critical to developing expertise in a rapidly changing
field. Lastly the study identifies the "communicator’s paradox," where the profession’s pursuit of
legitimacy and professionalization conflicts with its need for flexibility and adaptability.
Institutional conditions, including societal norms and organizational expectations, significantly
influence how communication professionals navigate their roles. These dynamics highlights the
importance of developing communication as a semi-profession—emphasizing its unique
communicative logic and prioritizing adaptability over rigid standardization. A balanced approach
integrating strategic focus and operational flexibility could strengthen the field’s recognition and
ensure its sustainability across diverse organizational context
RIKSDAGENS NYA SPRÅK En kvantitativ innehållsanalys av svenska parlamentstal i en tid av medialisering
Full text linkStudien syftar till att undersöka svenska politikers retorik i riksdagen i en tid av ökad medialisering. Tidigare forskning har belyst hur politiken påverkas av medialiseringen, men brister i empiriska testningar som prövar dessa i processer i realiteten, särskilt i svensk kontext. Två aspekter av medialisering som tidigare forskning lyfter är ökad personifiering och minskad ideologi. Det är trender som kan förväntas i svenska politikers retorik i takt med att politiker i högre grad anpassar sig till medielogiken för att nå väljare. Genom en kvantitativ innehållsanalys med lexikonbaserad metod undersöker denna kandidatuppsats personifiering och ideologi, som två aspekter ur medialiseringsprocessen. Studiens empiriska undersökning görs på samtliga parlamentstal från Sveriges riksdag under perioden 19742022, genom två teoretiskt förankrade lexikon. Resultaten presenteras sedan genom grafer och regressionsanalyser med valår som dummyvariabel. Resultaten visar att personifiering har ökat över tid medan ideologiska begrepp har minskat, vilket ger stöd till de två ställda hypoteserna. Även om andra förklaringar inte kan uteslutas, bidrar studien med förståelse för medialiseringen roll i dessa förändringar. Trendernas grafer uppvisar variationer med toppar och dalar vilket pekar på behovet av vidare forskning för att helt förstå vad som förklarar personifiering och ideologi. Studien uppfyller dock sitt syfte och bidrar till insikter om hur svensk parlamentarisk retorik har förändrats i en tid av medialisering