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UJI EFEK ANTIHIPERGLIKEMIK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KACAPIRING (Gardenia augusta, Merr) PADA TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN GALUR WISTAR
Get PDFKaca piring leaf (Gardenia augusta Merr.) was often used in traditional drugs fortreatment diabetes mellitus. This research aim to know the antihiperglycemic effectethanolic extract of kacapiring leaf on white rats male strain of Wistar and how muchantihiperglycemic effect compared with glibenklamid. This study used oral glucosetolerance test method with loading glucose 4,5 g/kgW. Tested animal where 24 whitemale rats strain of Wistar age 2-3 months with weight 180-250 gram, devided into 4groups, each groups consist of 6 rats. Group I was as negative control group givenCMC-Na 1%, group II was as positive control group given glibenklamid dose 1,35mg/kgBB, group III and IV where given ethanolic extract of kacapiring leaf dose 500mg/kgBB and 250 mg/kgBB. Glibenklamid and exstract are given orally 60 minutesbefore glucose. Blood was taken from orbitalis sinus at minute (-90), (-60), 0, 30, 60,120, 180, 240, and 300. Blood glucose level was determined with GOD PAP enzymaticmethod, absorbance was observed using spectrophotometer at 500 nm. The result of the study was performed by giving ethanolic extract of kacapiring leaf dose 500 mg/kgW and 250 mg/kgW had antihiperglycemic effect. Ethanolic extract of kacapiring leaf dose500 mg/kgW and 250 mg/kgW could reduce blood glucoce level 58,97% and 80,60% compared with glibenklamid dose 1,35 mg/kgW could reduce blood glucoce level73,93%
EFEK LIKOPEN TERHADAP TIKUS PUTIH GALUR SD (Sprague Dawley) YANG DIINDUKSI PARASETAMOL DENGAN MELIHAT AKTIVITAS SGPT DALAM DARAH
Get PDFLiver is one of the most important organ for drug metabolism in the body. The damage to the liver can be marked by increased activity of the enzyme alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the blood. Lycopene is an antioxidant that has the ability to eliminate free radicals and detoxifies electrophilic compounds that damage can be prevented. The purpose of this research is to know whether lycopene can inhibit the increase alanine aminotransferase activity of SD (Sprague Dawley) rats induced by parasetamol. This experiment using 20 male rats Sprague Dawley. They were divided into 4 groups. Group I is a healthy control (baseline) was only given aquadest, group II were given paracetamol as pain control, group III and IV are treatment group were each given lycopene with a dosage 15 µg/kg BW and 30 µg/kg BW for 21 days. On 19th day group II, as well as all treatment groups induced paracetamol. The blood sampling was performed on orbital sinus on 19th day (before induced by paracetamol) and on 21th day or two days after induced paracetamol to know the difference alanine aminotransferase activity. The data were analyzed using non-parametric statistical methods with Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney test with 95% confidence level. The result has showed that the lycopene doses 15 µg/kgBW had alanine aminotransferase activity of 130.10 ± 11.83 U/I and lycopene doses 30 µg/kgBW had alanine aminotransferase activity of 106.46 ± 2.36 U/I. If compared with paracetamol control had alanine aminotransferase activity of 92.53 ± 2.57 U/I, should take a summary that the lycopene doses 15 ìg/kg BW and 30 ìg/kg BW couldn’t decrease alanine aminotransferase activity on SD (Sprague Dawley) male rats
EVALUASI IMPLEMENTASI PELAYANAN INFORMASI OBAT PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI INSTALASI FARMASI RUMAH SAKIT YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFTo support high quality health service in hospital, Pharmacy Installation ofYogyakarta Hospital needs to evaluate implementation of drug information service foroutpatient. This study is aimed to identify the realization of drug information service ofoutpatient implementation of Pharmacy Installation of Yogyakarta Hospital comparedto the specified target. This study was carried out by descriptive design using secondarydata of Pharmacy Installation programs, interview with a pharmacist was assignedoutpatients serving as research subjects, as well as direct observation of druginformation service for outpatient. Gap analysis was used to identify the comparisonbetween the realization and specified target. The result of this study of evaluation indrug information service implementation of outpatient showed negative gaps as muchas -0.67%. The component information presented included the efficacy of drugs, how touse, the rules of use, duration of drug use, drug side effects, however the components ofdrug information that is unallowed in Pharmacy Installation of Yogyakarta Hospitalhow shcedule of drug use and signs toxicity
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI ZAT AKTIF EKSTRAK METANOL RIMPANG KUNYIT PUTIH (Curcuma mangga Val) FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT
Get PDFCurcuma mangga contains a lot of variety of active compound which use as traditional medicines. This research aimed to isolated and determinated the active compound of methanol extract Curcuma mangga rhizomes of ethyl acetate fraction and its rendemen. Amount of 1000 g Curcuma mangga rhizomes was macerated with methanol solvent at room temperature for 24 hours. Remaceration was done seventh times. Methanol extract was fractionated with ethyl acetate. About 39,05 g of concentrated ethyl acetate fraction was then separated by Column Chromatography. According to the similarity of UV-Vis spectra and GC-MS, active compound in methanol extract Curcuma mangga rhizomes ethyl acetate fraction is predicted as Labda-8(17),12-dien-15,16-dial with rendemen amount of 0,00149 %
EFEK TOKSISITAS FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT AKAR SENGGANI (Melastoma affine D.Don ) PADA ORGAN HEPAR, GINJAL DAN TESTIS
Get PDFMelastoma affine (MA) is a medicinal plant commonly found in south East Asia and China. The aim of the study is to investigate the toxicity effect of MA toward vital organs. Thirty two Wistar adult male rats were divided into five groups consisting of six animals each the rats in group except control group, eight animals. The rats in group I (control) were administered 0.5% CMC Na orally, while CMC Na suspension of ethyl acetate fraction of MA root (62.5, 125, 250,and 500 mg/kg body weight) were given to the II, III, IV and V groups, respectively. The CMC Na suspensions of ethyl acetate fraction of MA root were administered for 22 days. Rats were sacrificed at the 23th day. Liver, kidney, testis were collected for histopathological observation. The observation result on liver and kidney showed no difference compare to control groups, meanwhile on testis, the administration of ethyl acetate fraction of MA root at dose (250, 500 mg/kg body weight) caused necrosis on seminiferus tubules and decreasing sperm counting. The conclusion, administration of ethyl acetate fraction of MA root caused toxicity effect on testis with necrosis on seminiferus tubules
KAJIAN PERESEPAN ANTIBIOTIKA PADA PASIEN DEWASA DI SALAH SATU PUSKESMAS KOTA YOGYAKARTA PERIODE JANUARI - APRIL 2010
Get PDFTo achieve optimal therapy of antibiotics isonefactor supporting the accuracy inprescribing antibiotics errors in prescribing can cause lack of rationality in the use ofantibiotics . Antibiotic was commonly used in the clinicor in private practice doctorsbut also in the centers of other health services such as polyclinics and hospitals theaim of this study is to assess antibiotic prescribing patterns and the level ofrationality the use of antibiotics in adult patients at one center of Yogyakarta on thebasis of data prescriptions. This Study used descriptive design with retrospective datacollection The data was collected from January to April 2010 Data source is aprescription of antibiotics in adult patients We analyzed the antibiotics prescription inthe study based on the selection appropriate dos age frequency and duration. Werecruited 320 patients receive ing antibiotics. The of antibiotics used were amoxicillin64.5 % ampicillin 11.3 % kontrimoksazol 15.9% chloramphenicol 0.6 % metronidazole2.8 % and etracycline 49 % Most of the Patients received a single antibiotic 97.9 %),while the remaining patients received a combination of antibiotics 2.1 % Allprescribing meet appropriate dosage, and frequency except cotrimoxazole (98%) andampicillin 49%). All prescriptions (100%) improper duration. In general antibioticsprescription for adult patients at one health center in Yogyakarta City is comply withthe standard use of antibiotics in Public Health Centers. However, the duration ofantibiotic utilization still became the perspective of the health providers in PublicHealth Centers
EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL RIMPANG TEMUGIRING (Curcuma heyneana val) TERHADAP KADAR TRIGLISERIDA
Get PDFThe study of effect ethanolic extract Curcuma heyneana rhizoma as antihypertrigliserida examine of rats after given by dietary of high fat has been carried out. This experiment use 28 white male Wistar grooved rats with weight about 150-200 gram body weight, at about 2 -3 months old. They were divided into seven group randomly and each group 4 rats. The first group was given by standart treatment of dietary (BR II) and aquadest, the second group was given by dietary of high fatty and aquadest, the third group was given by CMC Na solution, the fourth was given by gemfibrosil in CMC Na suspension, the fifth group, the sixth group and the seventh were orally given by of ethanolic extract with dose 10g/kgBW; 20 g/kgBW; and 40 g/kgBW. Hyperlipidemia was treated with higth dietary fatty (5 gram fat cows and 10 gram egg yolk) at the second period (two weeks). The treatment of ethanolic extract Curcuma heyneana rhizoma was given after hyperlipidemia. The trigliserida content determined with GPO (Glycerol-3-Phosphate Oxidase) test. The trigliserida level in the serum analyzed on the before treatment, during the treatment and after treatment. The result of the research showed that ethanolic extract Curcuma heyneana rhizoma 2 weeks can decrease trigliserida level
AKTIVITAS ANTIFUNGI EKSTRAK ETANOL BATANG BINAHONG (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steen.) TERHADAP Candida albicans SERTA SKRINING FITOKIMIA
Get PDFAnredera cordifolia is a plantused as antifungal empirically. This study aims to find out the antifungal activity of ethanol extract of A. cordifolia stem against C. albicans and to identify the chemical subtance groups of the ethanol extract of A. cordifolia. The A. cordifolia stem was extracted by maceration method using ethanol 70 % as solvent. The antifungal assay was done using liquid dilution method with various concentrations of (85; 86; 87; 88; 89; 90% w /v). The mixtures of extract and suspension of C. albicans in CYG (Casein Yeast Glucose) medium and the media were incubated at 37ºC for 18-24 hours to determine Minimum Inhibitor Conceration (MIC). The culture was streaked on SDA (Sabouraud Dextrose Agar) medium to determine Minimum Fungicidal Conceration (MFC). Chromatographic test and tube test were done to identify the chemical substances of A. cordifolia extract. The result showed that the MIC could not be determined because the extract was brownish and turbid while the MFC of A. cordifolia stem ethanolic extract was 86% w /v. The result of the phytochemical screening with tube test and the thin layer chromatography test showed that the extract of A. cordifolia stem contained flavonoids, polyphenols, and saponin
OPTIMASI KOMPOSISI TEPUNG BERAS DAN FRAKSI ETANOL DAUN SENDOK (Plantago major, L) DALAM FORMULASI TABIR SURYA DENGAN METODE SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGN
Get PDFOctyl methoxycinnamate is an active ingredient in sunscreen that will bedegradated after exposure by sunlight. On the other hand, antioxidants have potentialcapability as photoprotector which in this study is used the ethanol fraction of leaf ofPlantago major, L to support activity of OMS. In addition, rice flour is added toobecause it has the ability to reflect sunlight. The aim of this study is to obtain theoptimum composition of them, based on the effectivity of OMS. This study used threeformulas based on the simplex lattice design method with a comparison of octylmethoxycinnamate and rice flour as follows: FI (100%: 0%), the formula II (50%:50%), formula III (0%: 100%). All formulas were exposured by sunlight for 5 hours (at09:00 to 14:00 GMT) and in interval one hour samples were taken to measure the valueof % erythema transmission (% Te) and pigmentation (% Tp). Data were analysed toget the optimum composition which has the highest of response. The results showed that100% rice flour was the optimum addition to support activity of OMS as sunscreen withdecreasing of % erythema transmission and pigmentation was 200%, 75%,respectively
ANALISIS COST-EFFECTIVENESS PENGGUNAAN SEFTRIAKSON DAN SEFOTAKSIM PADA TERAPI PROFILAKSIS APENDEKTOMI DI RS PKU MUHAMMADIYAH YOGYAKARTA TAHUN 2006-2007
Get PDFCost-effectiveness analysis of ceftriaxone and cefotaxim prophylactic antibioticsof appendectomy in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Yogyakarta from January 2006 toDecember 2007 has been studied. This study was aimed to explore the direct medicalcost, cost-effectiveness ratio, and determine whether drugs of ceftriaxone or cefotaximwhose had more effective cost. This study was carried out by descriptive retrospectivedesign. The population was all inpatients of appendectomy getting prophylaxisantibiotics with either ceftriaxon or cefotaxim therapy in PKU MuhammadiyahHospital Yogyakarta. The population target were the appendectomy patients in thethird class of PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Yogyakarta from January 2006 toDecember 2007. The result indicated that direct medical cost of the patients gettingceftriaxone therapy was Rp 422.257, whereas the cost of the patients getting cefotaximtherapy was Rp 487.680. Cost-effectiveness ratio of whom getting ceftriaxone therapywas Rp 105.564/day, whereas the ratio of whom getting cefotaxim therapy was Rp162.560. Finally, it have not been able to determine which drug is more cost-effective