96491 research outputs found
Sort by
Expected Energy of Zeros of Elliptic Polynomials
Get PDFIn 2011, Armentano, Beltrán and Shub obtained a closed expression for the expected logarithmic energy of the random point process on the sphere given by the roots of random elliptic polynomials. We consider a different approach which allows us to extend the study to the Riesz energies and to compute the expected separation distance
Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, rotavirus, norovirus genogroup II and human adenovirus in wastewater as an epidemiological tool to anticipate outbreaks of COVID-19 and acute gastroenteritis in a city without a wastewater treatment plant in the Peruvian Highlands
Get PDFAquest estudi realitzat a una ciutat dels Andes peruans, sense planta de tractament d'aigües residuals, reafirma l'eficàcia de l'epidemiologia basada en les aigües residuals (WBE) com a eina d'alerta primerenca en països amb ingressos baixos i mitjans. Després de comparar mètodes de processament, es va determinar que l'anàlisi directa ofereix la millor taxa de recuperació (72,2%) per al SARS-CoV-2, permetent anticipar les onades de la pandèmia fins a dues setmanes abans que es reportessin els casos clínics. Així mateix, el monitoratge de virus gastrointestinals (rotavirus, norovirus i adenovirus) mitjançant floculació amb llet descremada va mostrar resultats excel·lents, destacant la capacitat de detectar el rotavirus fins a quatre setmanes abans dels brots de gastroenteritis en infants, consolidant aquest sistema com una eina de vigilància sanitària econòmica i altament predictiva
Vascular surgery study of the CGuard MicroNet-covered stent in patients with indication to carotid revascularization: POLGUARD
Get PDFBACKGROUND: In a recent randomized study, MicroNet-covered stent (CGuard) significantly reduced procedural and post-procedural cerebral embolism in relation to a single-layer CREST study carotid stent, but real-life clinical practice data are limited. The aim is to prospectively assess clinical outcomes of CGuard as a routine revascularization tool for patients with indication to carotid revascularization.
METHODS: From April 2019 to November 2021, 204 elective patients (age 71.0±7.1years, 69.6% males, 21.7% symptomatic) were enrolled.
RESULTS: Mean basal peak-systolic velocity was 251.41±91.85 cm/s with angiographic diameter stenosis 89.7±8.46%. About 34.4% lesions were severely calcified, 6.8% were angulated, and 4.4% showed significant access tortuosity. Access was femoral, with 100% protection device (filter) use. Two hundred and three lesions in 203 patients were treated (1 cross-over to surgery for lack of effective access, no cross-over to other devices); in most cases (66.9%) the stent was placed directly. For pre-dilated lesions, mean balloon diameter was 3.36±0.34mm. Mean nominal stent diameter was 7.64±0.5 mm; length was 37.19±4.5 mm. All stents were post-dilated (balloon diameter 5.2±0.25 mm). Residual stenosis was <30% in all (3.77±6.91%). By discharge, there were 2 minor strokes (0.9%) and one transient ischemic attack. By 30-days, one other minor stroke occurred in relation to de-novo atrial fibrillation. With no deaths or myocardial infarctions, 30-day total death/stroke/myocardial infarction rate was 1.48%. No in-stent thrombosis or patency loss occurred by 30-days. In-stent peak-systolic velocity was 55.49±22.73 cm/s.
CONCLUSIONS: Thirty-day results from POLGUARD study indicate safety and a low complication rate of the MicroNet-covered carotid stent use in every-day vascular surgery practice of carotid revascularization. Long-term observation is underway
Tech startups and general data protection regulation: an empirical exploration of compliance challenges
Get PDFPurpose – This study investigates specific challenges that tech startups in Catalonia face in complying with the
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) from the perspective of Technology-Organization-Environment
(TOE) framework. It also examines how factors such as startup’s size, age, and sector influence compliance
experiences.
Design/methodology/approach – A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining survey data from 107
Catalonian tech startups with in-depth interviews with senior executives from three startups to provide
qualitative insightsfor triangulation. GDPR compliance challenges were analysed using regression analysis and
One-Way ANOVA.
Findings – The results of the study underscore the interconnected nature of GDPR compliance challenges,
revealing that staff training mediates the relationship between regulatory and technical complexities and
compliance costs. While compliance costs, regulatory complexity, and technical complexity are viewed as
significant challenges of equal importance, staff training is not considered a primary concern for Catalonian
startups. Additionally,factorssuch asthe startup’ssize, age, and sectorsignificantly influence how these challenges
are perceived and addressed, with smaller, younger, and non-tech startups experiencing greater difficulties.
Research limitations/implications – Relatively smallsample size and geographic focus on Catalonia potentially
limit generalizability of the findings.
Practical implications – The findings have implications for startups, policymakers, and industry regulators,
emphasizing the need for simplified regulatory guidance, accessible technical support, and tailored compliance
training programs for startups.
Originality/value – This study fills a literature gap by applying the TOE framework to explore regulatory
adoption challenges by tech startups. It reveals how staff training mediatesthe effect of regulatory and technical
complexities on compliance costs highlighting the role of organizational capabilities in regulatory adoption
El “Conguito”, el “Moro” y el “Gitano”: la multirracialidad y la persistente estigmatización de la juventud racializada en España
Get PDFMaghrebi Muslims, Black Africans, and Spanish Roma people are possibly the most stigmatised, racialised and discriminated against groups in contemporary Spain, a country with a strong legacy of colonialism and a problematic relationship with diversity. Because mixedness is a crucial test for evaluating the persistence of societal ethnoracial divisions, in this article we analyse the narratives of children and youth of Maghrebi Muslim, Black Afro-descendant and Roma mixed ancestry, looking at how their specific mixed heritage shapes their experiences of discrimination and agency. The qualitative information presented here draws on various recent research projects in Spain on intermarriage, multiraciality and multiethnicity. We show that despite the fact that the mixed-ancestry participants were born and socialised in Spain and have one parent who is an ethnic Spaniard, they nonetheless are perceived as foreigners and are subjected to everyday “othering.” That is, their mixedness does not make the stigma of foreignness disappear. The inclusion in our analysis of participants of Roma (Gitano) ancestry, which is the largest national ethnic minority group in Spain, allows us to uncover different aspects of minority/majority dynamics in Spain and to show how patterns of social exclusion encompass racism, Islamophobia and antigypsyism
Real-world management and outcome of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Results of the Spanish RETUD gastrointestinal registry
Get PDFBackground: Patient registries better reflect real-world management and outcomes of pancreatic cancer (PC) compared with clinical trials. Patients and methods: The main objective was to characterize patterns of care and outcomes in patients with exocrine PC included in the Spanish gastrointestinal RETUD registry. All analyses are descriptive in nature; therefore, P values are not reported. Results: A total of 1438 patients with a median age of 68.7 years (range: 34-94 years) were included between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2022. 79.7% of patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-1. 54.9% of resectable patients received adjuvant chemotherapy after upfront surgery, with a median overall survival (mOS) of 33.3 months (range: 26.1 months-not reached) for those treated with Folfirinox. 79.5% of metastatic patients received first-line chemotherapy, primarily gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel (62.6%), with a mOS of 8.7 months (range: 7.1-9.6 months). Overall, 1-and 3-year net survival rates were 46% and 9%, respectively, with a clear increase for resectable/borderline stages. KRAS, microsatellite instability (MSI), and germline BRCA1/2 were determined in 16.4% (81.8% mutated), 21.2% (1.6% MSI-high), and 9.2% (12.8% mutated) of patients, respectively. Conclusions: Our study provides a real-world perspective on PC patients in Spain, revealing very poor survival similar to those reported in population-based and epidemiological studies. Notably, resectable PC patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy had lower survival compared with those in clinical trials, a trend not observed in more advanced stages. Adherence to international guidelines varied, and clinical trial participation was low. Additionally, access to molecular testing was limited, remaining a significant challenge
Strict rearrangement inequalities: nonexpansivity and periodic Gagliardo semi-norms
Get PDFThis paper deals with the behavior of the periodic Gagliardo seminorm under two
types of rearrangements, namely under a periodic, and respectively a cylindrical, symmetric
decreasing rearrangement. Our two main results are Pólya-Szegó type inequalities for these
rearrangements. We also deal with the cases of equality.
Our method uses, among others, some classical nonexpansivity results for rearrangements
for which we provide some slight improvements. Our proof is based on the ideas of [Frank
and Seiringer, Non-linear ground state representations and sharp Hardy inequalities, J. Funct.
Anal., 2008], where a new proof to deal with the cases of equality in the nonexpansivity theorem
was given, albeit in a special case involving the rearrangement of only one function
Enhancing point cloud semantic segmentation via scalable domain adaptation with LoRA-enabled PointNet++
Get PDFSemantic segmentation of airborne LiDAR point clouds enables a broad range of urban and environmental applications. However, domain shifts between training and operational data, as well asthefrequentemergenceofnewsemanticclasses,posesignificantchallengesfordeploying deep learning models effectively. In this work, we explore the integration of Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), a parameter-efficient fine-tuning technique, into the PointNet++ architecture to address these challenges. We evaluate LoRA in two realistic scenarios: domain adaptation and incremental learning with novel classes, using subsets of large-scale LiDAR datasets under constrained labeled data settings. Our experiments show that LoRA outperforms traditional full f ine-tuning, achieving notable gains (+3.1 IoU for specific classes and +0.3 mIoUonTerLiDAR, +2.7 mIoU on DALES), while exhibiting greater resistance to catastrophic forgetting and improved generalization, particularly for underrepresented classes. Furthermore, LoRA exceeds baseline accuracy with substantially fewer trainable parameters (73.4% reduction), highlighting its suitability for resource-constrained deployment scenarios. We also present TerLiDAR, a publicly available annotated airborne LiDAR dataset covering 51.4 km2 along the Ter River in Catalonia, Spain. It contributes to increasing the diversity of semantic segmentation benchmarks and advancing 3D scene understanding in remote sensing
Workplace and non-workplace loneliness: a cross-sectional comparative study on risk factors and impacts on absenteeism and mental health among employees in Spain
Get PDFPurpose The aim of this study is to (1) evaluate prevalences and concordance between workplace and non-workplace loneliness, (2) compare sociodemographic risk factors between workplace and non-workplace loneliness, (3) compare working
conditions-related risk factors between the two contexts of loneliness, and (4) compare the impact of workplace and nonworkplace loneliness on absenteeism, depression, anxiety and substance use disorder.
Methods A sample of the employee residing in Spain (n=5400) was surveyed using computer-assisted web interviews
(CAWI) during August and September 2024. Logistic regression models were constructed to compare the effects of risk
factors for workplace and non-workplace loneliness (including sociodemographic factors, and factors related to working
conditions), as well as the association of workplace and non-workplace loneliness on absenteeism, and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and substance use disorder.
Results Among active workers, 40.7% report experiencing workplace loneliness, while 42.0% report non-workplace loneliness. The level of concordance between both types of loneliness is low (Kappa=0.36). Both types are more prevalent among
younger and immigrant workers. Other sociodemographic risk factors (being female, non-married, and non-heterosexual)
were significantly associated with non-workplace loneliness. Meanwhile, risk factors related to working conditions -particularly working under stress and labor precariousness- were associated with both types of loneliness, which showed an
independent impact on absenteeism, depression, anxiety, and substance use disorder.
Conclusion Most of the social determinants of workplace loneliness are rooted in the work environment, indicating that
effective interventions should focus on addressing labor conditions and precariousness to improve both workplace and nonworkplace loneliness and their impacts on absenteeism and mental health
Derecho internacional económico (coord. por Luis Miguel Hinojosa Martínez y Javier Roldán Barbero), Valencia, Tirant lo Blanch, 2022.
Get PDFRecensión de libro para la Revista Española de Derecho Internacional