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Concentrated Cognitive-Behavior Therapy for Unmedicated Children and Adolescents With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Routine Clinical Care: A Randomized Controlled Trial With a 6-Month Naturalistic Follow-up
No full textCognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) is effective for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Because CBT requires significant time and resources, there is an increased interest in developing shorter formats of CBT for OCD (i.e., fewer sessions or in less time). We conducted a randomized single-blind controlled trial to investigate the effectiveness of concentrated CBT (co-CBT; 20 hours of therapist time across one month) compared to a waiting list (WL) in 30 unmedicated children and adolescents with OCD aged 7-17 in routine clinical care. Co-CBT was superior to the WL in reducing OCD symptom severity at post-treatment (primary endpoint; Cohen’s d =1.76) and these results were maintained through the end of a naturalistic six-month followup.Participants initially randomized to the WL were offered co-CBT at the end of the trial and post-hoc analyses showed that they had similar improvements to those initially randomized to co-CBT. In post-hoc predictor analyses, participants aged 7-12, compared to those aged 13-17, and those with higher baseline OCD severity showed better post-treatment outcomes. Co-CBT is an effective intervention for unmedicated children and adolescents with OCD in routine clinical care. Studies including more robust control groups and larger samples are needed to replicate and expand thesefindings. Trial registration number: NCT0404203
Lligands fosforats amb l’esquelet 1,8-dimetilnaftalè
No full textTreballs Finals de Grau de Química, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Any: 2025, Tutor: Arnald Grabulosa RodríguezIn this TFG, the study of the synthesis of different unreported phosphorus ligands based on the 1,8-dimethylnapthalene core has been carried out focusing on synthetic efficiency.
The first part focuses on the synthesis of 1,8-dimethylnaphthalene (5) from naphthalic anhydride (1) involving a variety of synthetic methods and experiments that resulted into an efficient synthesis of 5. This compound has been characterized to ensure its purity to be used for the preparation of a P-phenylphosphorinane (8).Taking advantage of the precursors prepared for the synthesis of 5, two unreported ligands have also been synthesized, which can open the door to other interesting ligands for homogeneous catalysis: a bisphosphinite ligand (6) and an eight-membered cyclic phosphonite ligand (7). Both ligands have been characterized, including the selenide of 7, which allowed the evaluation of its donor properties. In addition, preliminary complexation studies of 7 with palladium(II) and ruthenium(II) precursors have been performed.Finally, the challenging synthesis of a novel 6-membered ring phosphorus heterocycle from precursor 5, the P-phenylphosphorinane 8, has also been performed by cyclisation of dilithiated 5 with dichlorophenylphosphine. Numerous difficulties, modifications, drawbacks and uncertainties had to be faced but it seems that the desired compound has been finally obtained and will be purified in future studies
Estudi i optimització d’una reacció catalítica de benzilborilació al·lílica α-selectiva d’adductes de Morita-Baylis-Hillman amb pronucleòfils organoborònics
No full textTreballs Finals de Grau de Química, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Any: 2025, Tutor: Xavier Companyó MontanerAsymmetric allylic alkylation (AAA) is a chemical reaction in which an allylic substrate undergoes substitution by a nucleophile in the presence of a chiral catalyst, leading to the stereoselective formation of a new carbon–carbon or carbon–heteroatom bond at the allylic position. AAA reactions have become one of the most powerful and versatile catalytic strategies for the stereoselective formation of such bonds. For several years, these reactions were predominantly catalysed by transition metals. However, from 2000, many fundamental catalytic processes began to be developed under organocatalytic conditions, including the catalytic AAA using Morita-Baylis–Hillman (MBH) adducts as electrophilic substrates. Since then, significant progress has been made in the development of AAA methodologies. However, most reported AAA reactions involving MBH adducts have focused on achieving γ-selective asymmetric alkylation. In contrast, α-alkylations have been less extensively explored.
The main goal of this TFG is the study and optimisation of an α-selective asymmetric allylic benzylborylation using MBH fluorides or MBH carbonates and organoboron pronucleophiles activated via desilylation or deborylation. Building on the knowledge previously acquired by the research group to achieve γ-selective asymmetric allylic benzylborylation, the objective of this TFG is to switch this γ-selectivity to α-selectivity. The most innovative aspect of the process is the use of the leaving group (LG) as a catalytic reaction initiator. The homoallylic benzylborylated product obtained is a valuable intermediate due to the versatile reactivity of organoboron compounds, which can serve as building blocks for the synthesis of other complex organic compound
Programari per a l'avaluació de la ingesta de polifenols a partir d'enquestes alimentàries
No full textRequeriments tècnics: .NET Framework 4.5; S.O Windows; MySQL Server; MySQL Workbench; MySQL Connector .NET 6.8.3; MySQL; C#; LinqL'accés als materials dipositats no estarà disponible fins la fi de la data d'embargament. Si esteu interessats a accedir-hi, contacteu amb [email protected]ó que estima la ingesta total, de classes, subclasses i de polifenols individuals de la dieta. S'introdueixen les dietes dels participants i es fan els links entre els aliments i les bases de dades de polifenols disponibles i ampliades pel grup d’investigador. Gràcies a això es poden fer estimacions de la quantitat consumida de polifenols/dia/individu. L’aplicació està pensada majoritàriament per a la recerca, per grups d’investigació que necessiten conèixer la ingesta de polifenols del seu estudi; però també per indústries alimentàries pel desenvolupament de nous productes; i per professionals de la salut per conèixer els compostos bioactius de la dieta.Projecte: UBTT042
La construcción del Estado Regulador: tensiones en el Derecho Administrativo de EE.UU., España y Chile
No full textResum
[spa] La presente tesis doctoral aborda la construcción del Estado Regulador en el sistema jurídico estadounidense, español y chileno, y las tensiones que ha generado para el Derecho Administrativo de cada país. El uso de la regulación estatal encuentra su origen en el Derecho Público de los Estados Unidos, con el surgimiento de las agencias reguladoras independientes en la última parte del siglo XIX. Dicho modelo es recepcionado en Europa y, particularmente, España, con ocasión de los fenómenos de privatizaciones de empresa públicas y aperturas de mercados a la competencia, inspirados por la idea del Mercado Único Interior del Derecho comunitario de la década de los ‘80s. Al mismo tiempo, el caso chileno importó tras la Constitución Política de 1980, durante la dictadura de Pinochet, la implementación de la regulación en las principales actividades económicas. La recepción de este modelo en España ha generado dos tensiones importantes en el Derecho Público nacional: el surgimiento de las agencias reguladoras, cuya constelación no logra encuadrarse a plenitud en la Constitución Política, y una recomposición de las actividades materiales de la Administración, buscando ubicar la regulación en el panorama de la policía y el servicio público. En el caso chileno, ausente de las agencias independientes, el Estado Regulador sigue siendo una revolución inconclusa. Para desarrollar este planteamiento, esta tesis se divide en seis capítulos. Un primer capítulo aborda la noción de regulación, de Estado Regulador y su expansión a nivel global. El capítulo segundo se refiere a la situación del modelo estadounidense; mientras que los capítulos tres y cuatro abordan la realidad del sistema español, incluyendo la influencia de la normativa de la Unión Europea. Los capítulos cinco y seis se hacen cargo de la situación chilena. Se analizan fenómenos de regulación previos a la década de 1980 y se analizan las principales tensiones que esta recepción ha generado bajo la Constitución de 1980. Las conclusiones ofrecen una síntesis de los resultados de esta investigación doctoral, y se entregan algunas aristas que podrían ser abordadas en futuros trabajos académicos.[cat] Aquesta tesi doctoral aborda la construcció de l'Estat Regulador en els sistemes jurídics americà, espanyol i xilè, i les tensions que això ha generat per al Dret Administratiu en cada país. L'ús de la regulació estatal té els seus orígens en el dret públic dels EUA, amb l'aparició d'agències reguladores independents a finals del segle XIX. Aquest model es va adoptar a Europa, particularment a Espanya, durant la privatització de les empreses públiques i l'obertura dels mercats a la competència, inspirat per la idea del Mercat Interior Únic en el dret de la UE a la dècada de 1980. Al mateix temps, Xile va importar l'aplicació de la regulació en les principals activitats econòmiques després de la Constitució de 1980, durant la dictadura de Pinochet.
La recepció d'aquest model a Espanya ha generat dues tensions significatives en el dret públic nacional: l'emergència d'agències reguladores, la constel·lació de les quals no encaixa del tot dins de la Constitució Política, i una reestructuració de les activitats materials de l'Administració, que pretén situar la regulació dins del marc de la policia i del servei públic.
Per desenvolupar aquest enfocament, aquesta tesi es divideix en sis capítols. El primer capítol aborda la noció de regulació, l'estat regulador i la seva expansió global. El segon capítol fa referència a la situació del model americà, mentre que els capítols tres i quatre aborden la realitat del sistema espanyol, incloent-hi la influència de la normativa de la Unió Europea. Els capítols cinquè i sisè tracten la situació a Xile. Analitzen els fenòmens reguladors anteriors a la dècada de 1980 i examinen les principals tensions que aquesta recepció ha generat sota la Constitució de 1980. Les conclusions ofereixen un resum dels resultats d'aquesta investigació doctoral i suggereixen algunes àrees que es podrien abordar en futurs treballs acadèmics.[eng] This doctoral thesis addresses the construction of the Regulatory State in the US, Spanish, and Chilean legal systems, and the tensions this has generated for Administrative Law in each country. The use of state regulation has its origins in US Public Law, with the emergence of independent regulatory agencies in the late 19th century. This model was later adopted in Europe, particularly in Spain, with the privatization of public companies and the opening of markets to competition, inspired by the idea of the Single Internal Market of Community law in the 1980s. At the same time, Chile imported the implementation of regulation in the main economic activities after the 1980 Constitution, during the Pinochet dictatorship.
The reception of the regulation model in Spain has generated two significant tensions in its Public Law: the emergence of regulatory agencies, whose constellation does not fully fit within the Political Constitution, and a restructuring of the theory of the material activities of the Administration, seeking to place regulation next to policing and public service activities. In the case of Chile, where there are no independent agencies, the Regulatory State remains an unfinished revolution.
The thesis is divided into six chapters. The first chapter addresses the notion of regulation, the regulatory state, and its global expansion. The second chapter refers to the situation of the US model, while chapters three and four address the reality of the Spanish system, including the influence of European Union regulations. Chapters five and six deal with the situation in Chile. They analyze regulatory phenomena prior to the 1980s and examine the main tensions that this reception has generated under the 1980 Constitution. The conclusions offer a summary of the results of this doctoral research and suggest some areas that could be addressed in future academic work
Apoyo a la parentalidad positiva de las familias con hijos e hijas en acogimiento residencial
No full textLa atención a la infancia y la adolescencia en situación de desamparo ha tenido históricamente como medida de protección de forma mayoritaria la separación del niño o la niña de su núcleo familiar de origen, y el ingreso en una institución residencial de carácter socioeducativo. En Cataluña, estas instituciones o centros de protección se conocen como centros residenciales de acción educativa (CRAE). Con el tiempo, y a tenor de los cambios sociales y legislativos, las intervenciones socioeducativas han ido modificando las concepciones y los focos de intervenció
The Effector RipAW Enhances Ralstonia solanacearum Invasion in Arabidopsis via CBP60g/SARD1-Dependent and -Independent Pathways
No full textCaM-binding Protein 60-like G (CBP60g) and Systemic Acquired Resistance Deficient 1 (SARD1) are key immune signalling regulators that redundantly promote salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis and plant immunity. Pathogen effectors often target these immune nodes to suppress plant defence. However, the role of bacterial effectors in disabling CBP60g and SARD1 to increase plant susceptibility remains unclear. In this study, we show that RipAW, an E3 ligase effector from Ralstonia solanacearum, induces root architecture changes and enhances plant susceptibility to R. solanacearum in Est::RipAW transgenic plants. The constitutively expressed RipAW (C177S), lacking E3 ligase activity, did not affect root architecture or plant susceptibility, indicating that RipAW's E3 ligase activity is crucial for these phenotypes. Transcriptional profiling of Est::RipAW plants revealed strong up-regulation of CBP60g and SARD1, while the SA signalling pathway remained in a basal state. Transient expression of RipAW and CBP60g in Nicotiana benthamiana showed that RipAW associates with CBP60g and affects its stability. Genetic analysis revealed that loss-of-function mutations in CBP60g and SARD1 increased plant susceptibility to R. solanacearum, but did not enhance RipAW-mediated pathogen growth. Furthermore, growth of the R. solanacearum ΔRipAW null mutant strain was reduced in wild-type plants but restored in cbp60g/sard1 mutant plants, confirming that the promotion of RipAW on bacterial growth is dependent on CBP60g and SARD1. Surprisingly, CBP60g and SARD1 were not involved in R. solanacearum-induced and RipAW-triggered root architecture changes. Overall, our findings demonstrate that RipAW increases plant susceptibility to R. solanacearum via both CBP60g/SARD1-dependent and -independent pathways
Technological Content and Institutional Quality of FDI: Investigating the effects on the environment in Brazil
No full textResearch indicates that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) can have both positive and negative effects on the host country's environment. However, the mechanisms underlying these contrasting outcomes remain unclear. This study investigates how the technological content of FDI influences the host region by analyzing regional data from the State of São Paulo, Brazil. In addition, drawing on insights from the institution-based view, the study considers the role of the origin of FDI and the institutional quality of the investors' home countries. The findings challenge the commonly applied ‘one-size-fits-all’ perspective on FDI. Both high- and low-technology investments can contribute to sustainable development in the host region. However, the source of the foreign investment plays a critical role: FDI from countries with weaker institutional frameworks can have harmful effects, regardless of the sector involved. These insights carry significant implications for policymakers and scholars, particularly in the context of emerging economies, suggesting that the assumed benefits of FDI warrant closer scrutiny
Algunas reflexiones procesales a raíz de la Ley 16/2022, de 5 de septiembre, de reforma del TRLC
No full textLa Ley 16/2022, de 5 de septiembre, de reforma del texto refundido de la Ley Concursal, aprobado por el Real Decreto Legislativo 1/2020 , de 5 de mayo, para la transposición de la Directiva (UE) 2019/1023 del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo ha introducido diversas novedades en materia de reestructuración preventiva, que no son objeto de estudio en este artículo. En el presente trabajo se pretende abordar principalmente cuestiones procesales que surgen como consecuencia de la aprobación de la reforma, si bien se inicia con una cuestión de política legislativa como es la exoneración del crédito público, cuestión esta que no estará exenta de contiendas judiciales
Toward a global consensus on the taxation of the digital economy , included as one of the general bases of a Global Framework Agreement on International Tax Corporation and Global Tax Governance. Reseraching in global policy /rulemaking (going on UN 2030 and AAAA agendas)
No full textIt goes without that, in recent decades, globalization and the relocation of companies have caused various changes in the international economy with a strong impact on the international trade, international taxation and global economic governance