Informatika Pertanian
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DAMPAK MODAL SOSIAL DALAM PENGELOLAAN IRIGASI TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI DI KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO JAWA TENGAH
Full text linkRegulation in the utilization of irrigation as Common Pool Resources-CPRs is really needed to overcome water limitation. Conducive conditions for the irrigation management on overall hydrological unit will be strengthened by the presence of social capital. Social capital plays a role in the mechanism of collective action formation on the management of CPRs whose existence depends on the people’s social and cultural environment. Trust will reduce transaction costs and facilitate the formation of social cooperation (network). Establishment of social bonds and norms in the groups become an effective instrument for resource sustainability. The study aims to analyze the role of social capital in the irrigation management and its impact to the farmers welfare. The study was conducted from April to August 2014 In Sukoharjo,with 320 respondents who represent the hydrological diversity unit of 12 districts in Sukoharjo. Using the two levels regression analysis, namely at the micro-level (farmers household) and meso-level (community) to see the effect of different variables: social capital of farmer households (Iik), social capital of community (Mk), area access (R), access and availability of water resources (Hdr), external environment (E), the collective action of irrigation management (TK), farmers satisfaction (Stfy), highly significant effect to the farmer household welfare (Sik) and community level (wk). Social capital of community, area access, access and availability of water resources have a significant effect to the society welfare (Wk). Therefore, the implementation of irrigation management should provide space for the establishment of social capital accompanied by policies harmonization between the formal regulations and informal rules in the form of the value system and culture that flourished in the society life
PENERAPAN METODE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS UNTUK MERUMUSKAN STRATEGI PENGUATAN KINERJA SISTEM AGRIBISNIS CABAI MERAH DI KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG
Full text linkKinerja agribisnis yang baik dipengaruhi oleh pembangunan subsektor agribisnis hulu, subsektor pertanian primer, subsektor agribisnis hilir dan subsektor jasa penunjang secara simultan dan harmonis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan strategi penguatan kinerja agribisnis cabai merah di kabupaten Temanggung. Pemilihan daerah dilakukan secara purposive di kecamatan Bulu dan Tlogomulyo, kabupaten Temanggung. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2010 dengan menggunakan pendekatan focused grup discussion (FGD) dan wawancara yang melibatkan 15 orang keypersons. Penelitian ini menggunakan Teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan analytic hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil analisis AHP menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga prioritas utama yang perlu dilaksanakan dalam strategi penguatan kinerja agribisnis cabai merah di Kabupaten Temanggung adalah penyediaan dan akses modal yang diperuntukkan bagi usahatani cabai merah, pendampingan penerapan teknologi budidaya yang tepat kepada petani, dan pemerintah menyediakan sarana pasar agro yang bisa menampung hasil budidaya hortikultura di kabupaten TemanggungKinerja agribisnis yang baik dipengaruhi oleh pembangunan subsektor agribisnis hulu, subsektor pertanian primer, subsektor agribisnis hilir dan subsektor jasa penunjang secara simultan dan harmonis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan strategi penguatan kinerja agribisnis cabai merah di kabupaten Temanggung. Pemilihan daerah dilakukan secara purposive di kecamatan Bulu dan Tlogomulyo, kabupaten Temanggung. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2010 dengan menggunakan pendekatan focused grup discussion (FGD) dan wawancara yang melibatkan 15 orang keypersons. Penelitian ini menggunakan Teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan analytic hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil analisis AHP menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga prioritas utama yang perlu dilaksanakan dalam strategi penguatan kinerja agribisnis cabai merah di Kabupaten Temanggung adalah penyediaan dan akses modal yang diperuntukkan bagi usahatani cabai merah, pendampingan penerapan teknologi budidaya yang tepat kepada petani, dan pemerintah menyediakan sarana pasar agro yang bisa menampung hasil budidaya hortikultura di kabupaten Temanggung
ENGARUH PEMBERIAN KULIT KOPI TERFERMENTASI DAN LEGUMINOSA UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN KAMBING PERANAKAN ETAWAH
Full text linkWaste coffee planthas the potential to be used as abooster feed for livestock. Coffee fruit waste composition physicallyquite largeat around 48% on coffee pulp. Research was conducted to examine the effect on the growth of Etawah CrossbredGoat (PE) after the treatment of fermented coffee waste as the substitution for leguminous (gamal and kaliandra). Twelve5-6 months old male PE goats were involved with 20 kg early weight average. Three groups of feeding treatment wereconsidered: Treatment P1 = 100% leguminous (gamal and kaliandra in ratio 1:1); Treatment P2 = 70% leguminous(gamal and kaliandra in ratio 1:1) + 30% fermented coffee Pulp; Treatment P3 = 40% leguminous (gamal and kaliandrain ratio 1:1) + 60% fermented coffee Pulp. Result of research indicated that the average increase of daily body weightof PE goat in the Treatment P1 (88.93 grams/goat/day) and P2 (100.00 grams/goat/day) was not obviously different (P> 0.05), but both were obviously different (P < 0.05) from P3 (71.79 grams/goat/day). Treatment P3 showed the lowestlevel of the consumption of DM, OM and the lowest level of gross energy, and had obvious difference (P < 0.05) fromP1 and P2. Meanwhile, P1 and P2 were not obviously different (P > 0.05). From these results, it was concluded that thetreatment of fermented coffee Pulp by 30 % and of leguminous (gamal and kaliandra) by 70 % (at P2) were giving thebest growth for PE goat. Indeed, P2 also displayed the most efficient food conversion
DISEMINASI INOVASI TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN MELALUI PORTAL WEB BADAN PENELITIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN PERTANIAN
Full text linkThe Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD) has the mandates of creating and disseminating agricultural technology innovations. The dissemination process of the agricultural technology innovations has not yet been maximized, and consequently not many people (farmers) can benefit from the R&D results. Technology innovation dissemination through a web portal has become IAARD’s choice. Problems related to dissemination through a web portal is in the method of presenting and managing the information in the web site. This research aimed to determine the benefits of dissemination of agricultural technology innovation through web site and policy strategies for the development of Balitbangtan web portal in the future. This research used a descriptive method to review the use of the web portal by the visitors, as a medium for the dissemination. The analysis included the number of visitors, profile of the visitors, information search and questions submitted by visitors. The study showed that the amount of information presented every year increased, but the number of visitors tended to decrease. The use of information given in the web portal was only dominated by students and private sectors. Java Island tended to dominate the origin of visitors. Packaging of the information of agricultural technology innovation can only be understood by researchers. Information support from researchers/extensions/engineers needs to be improved. A well-developed communication between the source of information and the user has not yet been established. The development of IAARD web portal needs to pay attention on philosophy, science, and art
PENYUSUNAN ALTERNATIF MODEL KELEMBAGAAN KREDIT USAHA PERTANIAN DI PERDESAAN
Full text linkBerbagai jenis pembiayaan di sektor pertanian, baik yang formal maupun non formal telah diaplikasikan pada masyarakat, tetapi dalam pelaksanaan pembiayaan tersebut masih menghadapi beberapa kendala dan hambatan. Kegagalan kredit untuk pertanian selama ini umumnya disebabkan kerena skim yang ada selama ini tidak menyentuh “petani pelaku”, kurangnya penyiapan “petani pelaku” sebagai target group, banyaknya kebocoran kredit dan mekanisme kredit yang tidak tepat. Saat ini diharapkan ada model kelembagaan yang dapat memberikan solusi keterbatasan petani pada akses permodalan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan merumuskan model kelembagaan pembiayaan untuk mendukung usaha pertanian di perdesaan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Badung Propinsi Bali, Kabupaten Sleman Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Seluma Propinsi Bengkulu dari bulan Juni 2011 sampai April 2012. Sumber data terdiri dari data sekunder dan data primer. Total responden sebanyak 90 orang penerima dana PUAP yang penggunaannya untuk usahatani padi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model kelembagaan kredit untuk usaha pertanian perdesaan dirumuskan dalam tiga tingkatan yaitu Model Penumbuhan yang terdiri dari a) Pendampingan dari penyuluh pada petani dalam menyusun rencana peminjamannya sedangkan pendampingan pada pengelola dana simpan pinjam dilakukan oleh petugas pengelola dana kelompok; b) Agunan bagi peminjam diganti dengan rekomendasi dari aparat desa; c) Adanya sangsi kelompok/desa/sosial bagi peminjam yang tidak mengembalikan pinjamannya; d) Hanya melayani peminjam yang berasal desa setempat; e) Pengelolaan dana simpan pinjam dilakukan oleh manajemen yang terpisah dengan kepengurusan gapoktan, namun pengawasan dilakukan oleh pengurus gapoktan, dan f) Adanya insentif untuk pengelola dana simpan pinjam. Model Pengembangan merupakan peningkatan dari model penumbuhan dengan tambahan beberapa elemen yaitu a) Adanya Tabungan khusus untuk pemupukan modal kelompok; b) Insentif diberikan juga untuk anggota yang mempunyai tabungan khusus; c) Pengawasan dilakukan oleh pengurus gapoktan dan aparat desa. Sedangkan Model Mandiri merupakan peningkatan dari model penumbuhan dan pengembangan dengan tambahan elemen yaitu Lembaga keuangan harus mempunyai Badan Hukum dan Izin usaha agar dapat melakukan ekspansi kerjasama usaha dengan pihak lain
SISTEM TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI KALENDER TANAM TERPADU
Full text linkIlmu pengetahuan dan teknologi hasil penelitian akan bermanfaat jika sesuai dengan kebutuhan pengguna dan disampaikan secara cepat dan tepat waktu. Salah satu pendekatan yang sering digunakan masa kini adalah pengembangan sistem teknologi informasi yang telah diaplikasikan di berbagai bidang. Makalah ini memaparkan pengemasan informasi kalender tanam tanaman padi dalam bentuk Sistem Teknologi Informasi Kalender Tanam Terpadu Berbasis Web. Pengembangan sistem dilaksanakan dalam bentuk desk study, yang terdiri atas lima tahap, yaitu 1) Inventarisasi data, 2) Penyusunan algoritme analisis, 3) Penyusunan desain sistem, 4) Pemrograman, dan 5) Pengujian dan operasi sistem teknologi informasi kalender tanam terpadu. Produk ini dapat diakses melalui http://katam.litbang.deptan.go.id/ dan menjadi pedoman bagi pengguna sebelum memasuki musim tanam ke depan. Informasi kalender tanam terpadu yang tersedia sampai tingkat kecamatan dan meliputi prediksi awal waktu tanam, estimasi luas tanam, potensi wilayah rawan banjir dan kekeringan, potensi serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman, rekomendasi varietas, serta rekomendasi dosis dan kebutuhan pupuk. Sistem teknologi informasi kalender tanam terpadu bersifat dinamis. Oleh karena itu, baik substansi maupun sistem perlu dievaluasi, diperbarui, dan diperbaiki melalui kegiatan verifikasi dan validasi. Hal ini perlu pemeliharaan (maintenance) terus menerus, agar kebutuhan pengguna mengenai waktu tanam, dan informasi rekomendasi teknologi dapat dipenuhi lebih akurat
EFISIENSI EKONOMI RELATIF USAHATANI PADI SAWAH DENGAN PENDEKATAN FUNGSI KEUNTUNGAN PADA PROGRAM SEKOLAH LAPANG-PENGELOLAAN TANAMAN TERPADU (SL-PTT) DI PROVINSI BALI
Full text linkThe research was conducted at three centers of rice production in the province of Bali i.e. regency of Tabanan, Gianyar and Buleleng in dry season of 2011 and wet season of 2011/2012. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire. The number of respondents consisted of 94 farmers non ICM-FFS and 122 farmers ICM-FFS with total respondents of 216 farmers. The distribution of sample respondents for each district were Tabanan district in subak Guama, Selanbawak village, Marga subdistrict as much as 78 respondents (44 ICM-FFS farmers and 34 farmer non ICM-FFS) ; Gianyar district in Subak Kumpul, Bona village, Blahbatuh subdisrict as much as 66 respondents (ICM-FFS 38 farmers and 28 farmer non ICM-FFS) and district Buleleng in subak Lebeha, Sangsit village, Sawan district as much as 72 respondent (40 farmers ICM-FFS dan 32 farmers non ICM-FFS). Relative economic efficiency and factors affecting low land rice farming profits were analyzed with Unit Output Price-Cobb Douglas Profit Function (UOP-CDPF) approach, which estimated using Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The result showed that the relative economic efficiency of ICM-FFS farmer was significantly higher than the non ICM-FFS farmers. Factors affecting low land rice farming profitability were price of N fertilizer, P fertilizer price, price of pesticides and wage of labor. The profitability of low land rice farming was higher on their own land, cultivated in the dry season and the farmers participating in the ICM-FFS
Analisis Data Hasil Pengujian Multilokasi Padi Sawah dengan Menggunakan Model AMMI
No full textVarious study of multi-location test of rice genotypes was strongly influenced by field and environmental factors. This study aimed to implement and to identify wetland rice genotypes. Multi-location test was conducted on some rice genotypes in Southeast Sulawesi in 2010 at various locations. Randomized block design was used with three replications in different locations. Data were analyzed using AMMI model. Results showed that rice production had the main effect with the genotype of KUI 1 and KUI 2. Moreover, BIPLOT test found that the genotype 2 of S3393-2F-17-1-1 was the only one of unstable genotype, and the rest were stable genotype. Not surprisingly, genotype (G) 4 (S3382-2D-PN-4-1), G 5 (S3382-2D-PN-6-3-3), G 7 (S3382-2D-PN-2D-1-1), G 11 (S3382-2D-1-1), G13 (Ciherang) and G 14 (Cisantana) were relatively stable. Those genotypes could be recommended as the high potential yield due to higher average production compared with general average. This study also indicated that G 3 (S3381-2D-PN-27-2), G 9 (S4359-E-11-2), and G 12 (IR64) are very suitable for growing in location A at Ladongi. Moreover, in location B study suggested that G 11 (OBS-9595) should be recommended at Wundulako. Finally, in Lambuya, particularly in location C, study indicated that some genotypes can grow well, viz. G 6 (S3382-2D-PN-17-3), G 8 (S4690 G-KN-4-3) and G 14 (Cisantana)
MODEL SIMULASI PERKEMBANGAN, PERTUMBUHAN DAN NERACA AIR TANAMAN KENTANG PADA DATARAN TINGGI DI INDONESIA
Full text linkThis research aims to construct a simulation model of development, growth and waterbalance of potato crop. Reasearchalso predicts climate change impact on potato productivity in several potato production center in Indonesia. The cropmodel being constructed explains process mechanism of development and growth during crop life cycle as a responseto fluctuation of climatic. Three field experiments were conducted at three locations at Pacet and Galudra in West JavaProvince, and at Kerinci in Jambi Province, to support the model development; for model calibration (Pacet) and modelvalidation (Galudra and Kerinci). Paired t-test between model predictions of Granola variety with observations showedthat there were not significant differences (P> 0,05) on all variables tested, except leaf biomass. In Atlantic variety, therewere not significant differences (P> 0,05) on root, tuber biomass and soil water content. Based on graphical test showedcoefficient of determination were (R2) greater than 0,80 for all variables.Generally, results on validation suggested thatmodel predictions were not significantly different with field measurements at Galudra (Granola variety) and Kerinci(Atlantis and Granola variety) for variable of plant ages, biomass of root, stem, leaf and tuber, leaf area index, and soilwater content.
ANALISIS PARAMETRIK DAN NON PARAMETRIK PENGARUH KONSENTRASI SUKROSA DAN AMONIUM SULFAT TERHADAP MUTU NATA DE MELON
Full text linkIn an effort to reduce yield losses of melon especially during period of storage, distribution, and marketing, an effective treatment is needed. A common technique is to process melon into nata de melon. The aim of the research was to determine the physical and chemical quality of nata de melon during storage. The experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of the Indonesian Center for Agricultural Post Harvest Research and Development from July 2010 until February 2011. The design used was a completely randomized (CRD) factorial design, with two factors i.e. sucrose (6%; 8%; and 10%) and ammonium sulfate (0%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8%) with two replications. The data was analyzed using parametric and non-parametric analyses. The results showed that 8% sucrose treatment was more effective in increasing yield, thickness, fiber content, firmness and flavor than other sucrose concentrations in nata de melon production. Additional treatment of ammonium sulfate 0.8% was more effective in increasing yield, thickness, fiber content, and elasticity compared to other concentrations of ammonium sulfate in nata de melon production. In general, a treatment combination of 8% sucrose and 0.6% ammonium sulfate can produce nata de melon better. Processing into nata de melon may prolong shelf life and increase the added value of melon