Informatika Pertanian
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OPTIMASI DOSIS PUPUK KALSIUM DAN BORON UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN CEMARAN GETAH KUNING PADA BUAH MANGGIS
Full text linkYellow latex is commonly called gamboge and is a latex produced in all parts of the mangosteen. Yellow sap becomes a problem when it gets out of the ruptured channel, and contaminates the aryl and pericarp. Ruptured channel of yellow latex is presumably because the walls of the epithelial cells of the yellow latex channels is Calcium deficiency. In addition, Boron has also the same function in maintaining the integrity of the cell wall. This research was aimed to know the roles of calcium and boron in controlling contamination yellow latex on the mangosteen fruit, and to obtain the best combination between calcium and boron in preventing the yellow latex contamination on mangosteen. The study was conducted in Purwakarta, West Java from November 2012 to June 2013. The study was arranged a randomized factorial with three replications. The treatment consists of two factors: dosages of Ca (0.0; 2.5; 5.0 and 7.5 kg / tree) and of B (0.00; 0.77; 1.55 and 2.32 g /tree). There was no interaction effect observed between calcium and boron fertilizer on fruit physical and chemical variables but there were significant interactions in quadratic levels of yellow latex contaminant in the mangosteen fruit. The percentage of fruit with minimum aryl contamination was 1.05 % at the optimum combination dose of 5.0 kg Ca/tree and 1.55 g B2O3/tree
PENDEKATAN LOCATION QUOTIENT DAN SHIFT SHARE ANALYSIS DALAM PENENTUAN KOMODITAS UNGGULAN TANAMAN PANGAN DI KABUPATEN BANTUL
Full text linkLand conversion causes competition in land use, and thus it is necessary to select leading commodities based on agro ecological zoning (AEZ). This study aimed to determine the leading commodities of food crops in Bantul Regency agro ecological zone. This study was conducted on March 2015. The data used was time series data of food crops harvested between 2008-2012 and agricultural commodities zone maps year 2013 based on AEZ with scale 1:50.000 obtained from the Statistics of Indonesia, Agriculture and Forestry Office, and AIAT. Commodities with comparative advantages were analysed by Location Quotient (LQ) while commodities with competitive advantages were analysed by Shift Share Analysis (SSA). Leading food crops commodities were determined through an overlay process using the ArcGIS software covering analysis results of LQ, SSA and agricultural commodities zone maps based on AEZ with scale 1:50.000. The result showed that the wetland paddy is a leading commodity in the study area. Based on comparative and competitive advantages, and compatibility with agricultural commodities zone based on AEZ, wetland paddy is the most leading commodity compared to corn, soybeans and peanuts. It is because of the distribution of this commodity in 10 districts (Sanden, Kretek, Pundong, Bambanglipuro, Pandak, Bantul, Jetis, Banguntapan, Kasihan, and Sedayu) with total area of 11,667 ha or 39.4% of agricultural land in Bantul Regenc
TINGKAT PARASITASI PARASITOID TELUR PBPK PADA PERTANAMAN PADI DENGAN BEBERAPA KETINGGIAN TEMPAT BERBEDA
Full text linkRice is the staple food of Indonesia's population. Various problems occur in an effort to increase production and productivity. One problem is the attack of yellow rice stem borer (PBPK) which may result in yield losses up to 90%. Utilization of parasitoid is an alternative to suppress the attack of Yellow Rice Stem Borer. The study was conducted in Tabanan, covering three locations with the altitudes of 50, 300, and 550 meters above sea leve, and at the Plant Pests and Diseases laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Udayana. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of parasitization of the best Yellow Rice Stem Borer as a natural control agent at different altitudes. The method used was survey by taking a sample group of Yellow Rice Stem Borer eggs with a purposive random sampling in the area of 2.5 hectares (one block in each location was an area of 0.5 hectares) at each location. Observations on parasitoid found in Yellow Rice Stem Borer eggs were done on parasitoid species diversity, equality, abundance, parasitation level, sex ratio, and the pattern of parasitoid invasion. The results showed three species of parasitoid eggs PBPK as biological control agents. Parasitation level of T. rowani and T. japonicum was the highest at the altitude of 50 meters above sea level, while T. schoenobii at the altitude of 300 and 500 meters above sea level
ANALISIS DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM TERHADAP PRODUKSI TANAMAN PANGAN PADA LAHAN KERING DAN RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASINYA
Full text linkChanges in the frequency and severity of extreme climate events and in the variability of weather patterns will have significant consequences for stability of agricultural system. Research objectives were to a) analyze the Impact of Climate Change on Food Crops in Dryland b) develop a software prototype analysis of the impact of climate change on food production, especially upland rice and maize on dry land; c) create a simulation with multiple scenarios of the impact of climate change on dry land. The study was conducted in South Sulawesi, West Nusatenggara and East Nusatenggara.The activities were carried out by projecting precipitation using scenarios: a) SRESA2 (Scenarios of climate change by assuming economic growth is lower and population growth remains high so the rate of greenhouse gas emissions increased, b) SRESB1 (scenario of climate change by assuming mitigation efforts through expanding efficient use of energy and technology improvements so that the emission levels are lower) and making projections of production of upland rice and maize using Decission Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) as resource information in the preparation of prototype software information Systems Climate Change Impacts on Crop Production (SIDaPi TaPa). The system was built based on the analysis simulation model projections of production output DSSAT. Based on SRES scenarios A2, the decline in rainfall increased until 2050 in several districts, in South Sulawesi, West Nusatenggara and East Nusatenggara.Treatment of adaptation through SRESB1 scenarios could be effective to anticipate a decrease in rainfall in some regions, either in 2025 or 2050. In general, the region experiencing a decrease in rainfall will also decrease in production of both upland rice and maize production. The decline in upland rice production by SRESA2 scenario until 2050 was between 20-25%, and by a scenario adaptation SRESB1 the decline in production could be minimized to only between 7 -10%.The decline in maize production in the plot until 2050 by SRESA2 was between 9-15%, using scenarios to reduce production SRESB1 was only 5-8%. SIDAPI TAPA is a software analysis of the impact of climate change on food production, especially upland rice and maize on dry land in South Sulawesi, West Nusatenggara and East Nusatenggara
PENGKAJIAN VARIETAS PADI UNGGUL BARU PADA LAHAN RAWA PASANG SURUT DI KABUPATEN MERAUKE
Full text linkWilayah Papua memiliki potensi lahan rawa untuk pengembangan pangan yang cukup luas. Potensi lahan yang tersedia untuk pengembangan tanaman pangan di Kabupaten Merauke berkisar 2,5 juta ha. Pengkajian dilaksanakan dari bulan Februari - Mei 2012 di Kabupaten Merauke Provinsi Papua. Kajian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi keragaan agronomis dan memilih varietas unggul yang adaptif berdasarkan hasil tanaman. Pengkajian dilaksanakan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari 7 varietas padi rawa unggul baru (Inpara 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) serta 2 varietas pembanding yaitu Mekongga dan Batanghari. Ukuran plot yang digunakan adalah 5 m x 7 m dengan jarak tanam legowo 2:1. Variabel yang diamati adalah: tinggi tanaman maksimum, jumlah anakan maksimum, jumlah malai per rumpun, panjang malai, jumlah gabah isi/malai, persentase gabah bernas, bobot 1000 butir dan hasil gabah bersih hektar. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dengan uji F pada taraf nyata 5%. Jika uji F berpengaruh nyata maka nilai tengah diuji lanjut dengan uji Dunnet pada taraf nyata 5%. Hasil kajian 5 varietas unggul baru dengan 2 varietas pembanding yang diuji menunjukkan Inpara 2 memiliki postur tanaman tertinggi dibanding varietas unggul lainnya dan varietas pembanding, sedangkan jumlah anakan maksimum terbanyak diperoleh varietas Inpara 1. Varietas Inpara 2 dan Inpara 4 memberikan rata-rata hasil lebih tinggi dari 2 varietas pembanding. Untuk pengembangan padi dilahan pasang surut di kabupaten Merauke disarankan menggunakan Inpara 2 dan Inpara 4
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI BERAS MELALUI PENEKANAN SUSUT PANEN DAN PASCAPANEN DENGAN PENDEKATAN SISTEM MODELING: STUDI KASUS KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU, JAWA BARAT
Full text linkPaddy loss during harvest and postharvest handling is a complicated system involving many elements, and they are inter-connected. Therefore, to overcome these issues, appropriate and sustainable strategies should be implemented. The purpose of this study was to analyze the leverage factors that can overcome the problems of post-harvest losses of rice by a dynamic system approach as a basis in formulating policy strategy. This research was conducted in Indramayu, West Java, from January to December 2012. The methodology used in this research was modelling system approach. Primary data collection was conducted by a questionnaire survey and interviews with stakeholders and farmers as respondents. Secondary data collection was obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics Centre (Jakarta) and regional (West Java), Regional Agriculture Services, Regional Industrial and Trade Services, Regional Population and Civil Registration Agency, Center for Agricultural and Food Security Agency. The results showed that the reduction of rice losses could be approached in two ways: technical approach and cultural approach. The technical approach could be developed by implementing a quality management system such as GHP and GMP, while the cultural approach could be implemented by creating new jobs. Application of the quality system would also encourage the revitalization in rice milling so that it would increase the yield, and so the application of the quality management system would contribute greatly to the production of dry unhulled rice as well as rice in Indramayu. The implementation of this strategy must consider the ability and readiness of the district, so that the strategies could be more realistic and easier to be implemented. The simulation results showed that the implementation of the strategy by using harvest and postharvest equipments to be accompanied by the implementation of GHP and GMP, may decrease shrinkage ranging from 5.58% to 10.14%, or the equivalent of rescuing MPD from 61,240 to 115,859 tons in 2020
ANALISIS KEUNTUNGAN USAHATANI DAN DISTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI UBIKAYU PADA SENTRA AGROINDUSTRI TAPIOKA DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TENGAH
Full text linkINDONESIA Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis: (1) analisis usahatani dan faktor-faktor yang tingkat keuntungan usahatani ubikayu; (2) gambaran tentang tingkat distribusi pendapatan rumah tangga petani ubikayu; (3) keadaan tingkat kemiskinan rumah tangga petani ubikayu; dan Lokasi penelitian dipilih secara sengaja (purposive) dengan pertimbangan bahwa Kabupaten Lampung Tengah merupakan sentra produksi ubikayu di Lampung, memiliki 33 agroindustri tepung tapioka dari total 65 agroindustri di Propinsi Lampung. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Indra Putra Subing dan Poncowati dengan menggunakan metode survai. Sejumlah 65 responden dikelompokkan berdasarkan luas penguasaan lahan dengan metode Stratified Random Sampling. Penelitian dianalisis menggunakan Gini Ratio dan Kurva Lorenz untuk mengukur tingkat distribusi pendapatan rumah tangga. Indikator tingkat kemiskinan rumah tangga petani menggunakan garis kemiskinan Sajogyo, sedangkan untuk mengukur faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat keuntungan usahatani menggunakan pendekatan ekonometrika (model regresi linier berganda). Hasil penelitian menunjukan: (1) tingkat keuntungan usahatani ubikayu di Kecamatan Terbanggi Besar dipengaruhi oleh luas lahan, harga ubikayu, harga bibit, harga pupuk KCl, jumlah tenaga kerja, ongkos angkut, dan jumlah produksi; (2) distribusi pendapatan sektor pertanian, non pertanian dan pendapatan total antar kelompok termasuk kategori ketimpangan rendah; (2) tingkat pendapatan rumah tangga petani ubikayu menunjukkan bahwa kelompok rumah tangga lahan luas dan lahan sedang termasuk dalam kategori cukup. Kelompok rumah tangga lahan sempit 1,89 persen termasuk miskin sekali, 5,66 persen miskin, 15,09 persen nyaris miskin dan 79,25 persen termasuk kategori cukup. INGGRI
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI ADOPSI INOVASI PERTANIAN PADA GAPOKTAN PUAP DAN NON PUAP DI KALIMANTAN BARAT (STUDI KASUS: KABUPATEN PONTIANAK DAN LANDAK)
Full text linkSalah satu permasalahan pembangunan pertanian adalah rendahnya tingkat adopsi inovasi pada tingkat petani dan permodalan. Pada tahun 2008 Program Usaha Agribisnis Pedesaan (PUAP) dilaksanakan bertujuan untuk masalah pembiayaan pertanian. Tingkat dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adopsi inovasi pertanian penting dalam menentukan keberhasilan PUAP. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adopsi inovasi pertanian pada Gapoktan PUAP dan non PUAP di Kalimantan Barat. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan tahun 2012 berlokasi di Kabupaten Landak dan Kabupaten Pontianak. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan survei dengan Model Logit. Penentuan responden dengan teknik Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling yang meliputi petani eks penerima dana PUAP dan petani non penerima dana PUAP. Jumlah petani 120 petani responden. Tingkat adopsi inovasi Gapoktan PUAP secara umum berada tingkat sedang, komponen teknologi yang diadopsi antara lain; benih unggul, pemupukan, penggunaan traktor, pengendalian hama dan penyakit, alat panen dan pasca panen. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adopsi antara lain; jarak pemukiman lokasi usahatani, dan jarak pemukiman ke sumber teknologi. tingkat pendidikan, luas lahan dan aksesibilitas ke jalan raya, dan aksesibilitas ke sumber teknologi. Gapoktan PUAP mampu menaikkan produktivitas usahatani padi dibandingkan Gapokatan non PUAP secara langsung meningkatkan pendapatan usahatani
APLIKASI PENDEKATAN LAND RENT DALAM MENGANALISIS ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN SAWAH MENJADI KEBUN KELAPA SAWIT
Full text linkLand rent of paddy field is lower than oil palm and it encourages farmers to convert wetland to oil palm plantations.This study aimed to determine the impact of land use on the welfare of rice farmers. The experiment was conducted in Kampar district from April to December 2013. Data were collected through a field survey of 30 rice farmers and 30 farmers who converted wetland to oil palm plantations. Land rent value of paddy rice farming management was then compared with the land rent of oil palm plantations. The alignment of the calculation of land rent value of both commodities was carried out by PVNR value approach to timing analysis for 25 years (according to the economic lives of oil palm plantations) and a discount rate of 10%. The economic analysis showed that the average rice farming land rent value was Rp.9.834.727/hectare/year. The average land rent value of oil palm was Rp 16.255.090/hectare/year. PVNR - land rent value of the rice farming was Rp. 89.200.977 / hectare, while the value of farm land rent - PVNR of oil palm was Rp. 111.388.769/hectare . PVNR - land rent of oil palm was higher by 25 % than that of paddy. The result indicated that the ratio of land rent oil palm was 1.25 times higher than wetland. The welfare of rice farmers was lower with the value of NTPRP 0,57 than oil palm farmers with the value of NTPRP 0,70