Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI)
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Electrical Conductivity of Water Treated by Spark Discharge
Get PDFElectrical conductivity is an electrophysical characteristic, which is considered to be an estimate of the ability of substances to miss electrical current. Achieving the result of the formation of electrohydraulic discharges in water directly depends on the magnitude of the electrical conductivity, which argues the relevance of the topic. The paper presents the results of a study of the influence of electrohydraulic treatment on the change in the electrical conductivity of water. As a result of identifying significant factors influencing the process, rational parameters of the technological mode of electrohydraulic treatment of distilled, lake and tap water were selected. Curves of functional dependences of electrical conductivity on the number of spark high-voltage pulsed discharges are constructed. The relationship between the electrical conductivity of water and the modes of electrohydraulic effects is established
Design and modeling of integrated octagonal shape inductor with substrate silicon in a buck converter
Get PDFThe paper discusses the design and modeling of an integrate octagonal shaped inductor with silicon substrate. A validated equivalent electrical model of the integrated octagonal shaped spiral inductor is developed. The model is used to analyze and evaluate the quality factor and the inductance of the inductor structure proposed under different physical parameters setting. These include the number of turns, spacing between turns and the inner diameter. The simulation results show that an appropriate selection of physic a parameters can achieve an enhanced quality factor and improved inductance. PSIM simulator is used for the implementation of the integrated inductor in a micro buck converter. The simulation results demonstrate that our proposals are very promising approaches for the monolithic integration of DC-DC converters
Fusion Iris and Periocular Recognitions in Non-Cooperative Environment
Get PDFThe performance of iris recognition in non-cooperative environment can be negatively impacted when the resolution of the iris images is low which results in failure to determine the eye center, limbic and pupillary boundary of the iris segmentation. Hence, a combination with periocular features is suggested to increase the authenticity of the recognition system. However, the texture feature of periocular can be easily affected by a background complication while the colour feature of periocular is still limited to spatial information and quantization effects. This happens due to different distances between the sensor and the subject during the iris acquisition stage as well as image size and orientation. The proposed method of periocular feature extraction consists of a combination of rotation invariant uniform local binary pattern to select the texture features and a method of color moment to select the color features. Besides, a hue-saturation-value channel is selected to avoid loss of discriminative information in the eye image. The proposed method which consists of combination between texture and colour features provides the highest accuracy for the periocular recognition with more than 71.5% for the UBIRIS.v2 dataset and 85.7% for the UBIPr dataset. For the fusion recognitions, the proposed method achieved the highest accuracy with more than 85.9% for the UBIRIS.v2 dataset and 89.7% for the UBIPr dataset
A secure arbiter physical unclonable functions (PUFs) for device authentication and identification
Get PDFRecent fourth industrial revolution, industry4.0 results in lot of automation of industrial processes and brings intelligence in many home appliances in the form of IoT, enhances M2M / D2D communication where electronic devices play a prominent role. It is very much necessary to ensure security of those devices. To provide reliable authentication and identification of each device and to abort the counterfeiting from the unauthorized foundries Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) emerged as a one of the promising cryptographic hardware security solution. PUF is function, mathematically modeled by using uncontrollable/ unavoidable random variances of the fabrication process of the ICs. These variances can generate unpredictable, random responses can be used to overcome the difficulties such as storing the keys in non-volatile memories (NVMs) in the classical cryptography. A wide variety of PUF architectures such as Arbiter PUFs, Ring oscillator PUFs, SRAM PUFs proposed by authors. But due to its design complexity and low cost, Delay based Arbiter PUFs (D-PUFs) are considering to be a one of the security primitives in authentication applications such as low-cost IoT devices for secure key generation. This paper presents a review on the different types of Delay based PUF architectures proposed by the various authors, sources to exhibit the physical disorders in ICs, methods to estimate the Performance metrics and applications of PUF in different domains
Effect of DC Filters on Selection of Fault Discriminator for Unit Protection of Monopolar HVDC Transmission System
Get PDFVarious research works reported on the unit protection of monopolar high-voltage direct-current transmission system assumed either no dc filter or a certain type of dc filter in the system. From the survey of literature, it appears that no study has been made to evaluate the effect of the type of dc filter on the system performance and consequent effect on the selection of fault discriminator for development of protection schemes. The work reported in this paper aims at selection of suitable fault discriminators for unit protection of HVDC transmission system in the presence of three different types of dc filter. The study has been carried out on a 500-kV line- commutated-converter-based monopolar HVDC system equipped with any of the three filters, namely, cascaded double-tuned, parallel double-tuned or triple-tuned filter. Simulation has been carried out with PSCAD/EMTDC. Critical analysis of the simulation results shows how the type of the dc filter influences the choice of fault discriminato
Detection and Discrimination of Islanding and Faults in distribution system with Distributed Generation by using Wavelet based Alienation approach
Get PDFThis paper presents a wavelet transform based alienation technique for the protection of a radial 5 bus distribution system integrated with four wind type doubly fed Induction generators (DFIG).This technique is used to detect islanding condition and faults, classification of faults and their discrimination. Islanding is simulated at point of common coupling (PCC) and faults are simulated at each DG bus of the network. Daubechies wavelet transform has been used to decompose the current signals to get approximate coefficients. The Alienation coefficients of these approximate decompositions are termed as islanding and fault indexes. These indexes have been compared with predetermined threshold to detect islanding and faults. The same threshold value is utilized to discriminate transients associated with islanding and fault. Alienation coefficients at each bus over a half cycle window clearly detect both islanding and fault. Testing of the proposed algorithm has been carried out for various angles of incidence. Hence, the proposed algorithm is more effective and successful for finding the islanding condition as well as faults in distribution system with distributed generation
Modified AES Cipher Round and Key Schedule
Get PDFIn this paper, Advanced Encryption Standard was modified to address the lowdiffusion rate at the early rounds by adding additional primitive operationssuch as exclusive OR and modulo arithmetic in the cipher round. Furthermore,byte substitution and round constant addition were appended to the keyschedule algorithm. The modified AES was tested against the standard AESby means of avalanche effect and frequency test to measure the diffusion andconfusion characteristics respectively. The results of the avalanche effectevaluation show that there was an average increase in diffusion of 61.98% inround 1, 14.79% in round 2 and 13.87% in round 3. Consequently, the resultsof the frequency test demonstrated an improvement in the randomness of theciphertext since the average difference between the number of ones to zeros isreduced from 11.6 to 6.4 along with better-computed p-values. The resultsclearly show that the modified AES has improved diffusion and confusionproperties and the ciphertext can still be successfully decrypted and recoverback the original plaintext
Feature and muscle selection for an effective hand motion classifier based on electromyography
Get PDFAn issue that arises in the hand motion classification based on the electromyography (EMG) system is the failure of choosing the right features and number of muscles. These parameters are fundamental in determining the accuracy and effectiveness of the classifier system. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop and evaluate an effective hand motion classifier based on the EMG signal. The three-channel of EMG was collected by placing three pairs of electrodes on the surface of the skin. Six statistic features (mean, variance, standard deviation, kurtosis, skewness, and entropy) were selected to extract the EMG signal using a window length of 100 samples. A muscle and features selection is applied to the classifier machine (linear discriminant analysis (LDA), support vector machine (SVM) and K nearest neighborhood (KNN)) to retrieve the most useful feature and muscle. In this study, we found that there was no significant difference in accuracy among a number of muscles (p-value>0.05). LDA and SVM showed the best accuracy and no significant difference in accuracy between both were found. This study concluded that EMG signal from a single muscle can classify the hand motion (hand close, open, wrist flexion, and extension) effectively.
Design and performance analysis of a twin T-bridge RC harmonic oscillation generator with an operational amplifier
Get PDFThis paper presents the special features of harmonic generators and their widespread use and in particular the design, simulation and experimental studies of a twin T-bridge RC generator with an operational amplifier. The results obtained are analyzed and compared. For the particular implementation, the frequency error varies from 4 % in experimental studies to 6.7 % in the simulation, and in this case an average value of 5.35 % can be assumed
UHF meander bowtie antenna for RFID application
Get PDFThis paper describes the development of four different ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tag antenna using polycarbonate material or transparent paper as the substrate and aluminum tape as the radiating element. The main advantage of the method is that the materials are easy to obtain where it can be found in any hardware stores or in any general online shop. Plus, the antennas are designed in such a way that a meander line is traced along the shape of a bowtie antenna so that the antenna would operate at UHF band. The results of all four of the tag antenna designs are discussed and compared using graph obtained from Computer Simulation Technology (CST) simulation results and measurement results obtained from a portable Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) for the reflection coefficient, S11, and measurement results taken from VNA in chamber room for the radiation pattern. Finally, the results show that the measured results are in agreement with the simulated result and that the UHF RFID tag antennas are able to operate at UHF RFID band