Policy & Governance Review
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Second Level Coping Mechanism: A Study on Problem Solving Measures Taken by Street-Level Bureaucrats Concerning Agrarian Policy in Cipari, Cilacap
Full text linkThis article concerns the efforts carried out by lower level bureaucrats in order to implement their decisions. Prior studies generally describe the decision of street-level bureaucrats (SLBs) as decisions that have already been implemented. There have not been many studies describing the efforts of SLBs in realizing their decisions. Thus, this study intends to examine the efforts undertaken by the lowest level bureaucrats to implement the decisions they have made. The main reference used to analyze this phenomenon is by using the structural approach and the DNA of negotiation. To describe this phenomenon, the study explored a case of program implementation on land redistribution in the Cipari District, Cilacap Regency in 2010. Study results show that power, strategy, and distributive negotiation tactic, as well as personal values are key elements in implementing decisions. The results indicate that discretion is not always applicable since there are times when discretion is limited and thus it must be developed. Because this study relates to the success or failure of policy implementation, knowledge about ways of developing discretion becomes a substantial part in optimally developing public policy
Collaborative Governance in Off-site Anoa Conservation at The Anoa Breeding Center of The Manado Environment and Forestry Research and Development Institute
Full text linkCollaborative governance has, currently, become an alternative to resolving public issues, wherein the government is suggested to collaborate with cross-sector organizations. Although several collaborative efforts developed by the government were reported to have failed, there are a number of successful collaborations established to resolve various issues. The main objective of this study is to analyze why did the collaboration process of the off-site anoa conservation through the Anoa Breeding Center (ABC) succeed in increasing the anoa population. This study employed the qualitative descriptive methodology. The data collection techniques used were literature study, observation, and interviews with stakeholders involved in ABC activities. The study results show that the collaboration in managing ABC was successful and it effectively resolved the problems confronted in the off-site anoa conservation due to active role of the administrators in realizing extensive participation, establishing and maintaining trust, as well as running a transparent process among the actors. The established collaboration is supported by a leadership that facilitated the implementation of the collaboration process. The collaboration is carried out formally as stipulated in the MoU made, as well as informally on the basis of the trust developed. The determining factors in the success of the collaboration in the off-site anoa conservation at ABC are the presence of process transparency, clear basic values, scope of actors involved, and facilitative leadership in the collaboration effort
Understanding Organizational Commitments in the Public Sector: A Case Study of Commissioners and Investigators at The Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU)
Full text linkConsidering that KPPU is the only institution that handles law enforcement in the field of business competition, it is necessary to have high employee commitment and organizational strength. This study aims to explore the commitment of KPPU’s commissioner and investigator organizations. This research is a qualitative design study of a case study. The data were collected from interviews with six commissioners and twenty-one investigators. This study found that the commitment of commissioners and investigators to achieving the vision and mission in the field of law enforcement has been indicated by the emotional ties and involvement with the organization through the egalitarian principles instilled by the previous commissioners. The commitment of the commissioners and investigator is built on the agreement that the place of dedication realize ideas and contributions to the state in improving people’s welfare that is appropriate. By considering these findings, KPPU needs to strengthen its internal function of supervision to maintain high organizational ethics, integrity, and independence in performing its tasks. Considering the organizational culture, KPPU needs to build a higher levels of public service motivation to get a greater organizational commitment
Perception of Auditors and Auditee on Public Sector Performance Audits
Full text linkThis study aims to discuss the perceptions of auditors and auditees on public sector performance audits. This study analyzes how social processes and interactions are both in the performance audit process. They are in case of changes in the auditor's role in the future, which have the potential to cause problems of independence. The other is that the benefits and impacts of performance audit results have not been felt significantly. By using a qualitative approach, this study analyzes how the perceptions and relations of the two actors in the performance audit. In-depth and structured interview techniques are used as data collection methods from participants from auditors and auditees. Auditee's response was also analyzed to determine the extent of their resistance to the actions of auditors and their perception of the benefits of performance audits. The results of the study show that performance audits have not given a significant impact on policy performance improvements. There are differences in perceptions about expectations for the role of the auditor and the provision of recommendations that are more solutive. A significant difference in perception is also shown in the auditor's understanding of the auditee's business processes. It is due to the issues in the auditor's qualifications and experience that are influenced by their educational background. Other findings are the potential disruption of auditor independence due to lack of operationalization of the concept of independence and the amount of pressure from the auditee
The Dynamics of Social Network Structures and Contestation in the Collaborative Management of Lake Tempe in South Sulawesi
Full text linkIn managing common pool resources; ideally, it was carried out using a co-management approach that facilitated the cooperation, sharing of power, and responsibility among actors. However, this is quite difficult to achieve since each actor competes against each other’s interests. Such cooperation and competition between actors will form a structure of social networks. This study aims to explain the dynamics of the formation of social network structures based on the cooperation and competition among actors in the management of Lake Tempe, a common pool resource crossing Wajo, Soppeng and Sidenreng Rappang Regencies in South Sulawesi Province. This is a qualitative study with explanatory case study approach, using two data collection techniques: participatory observation and in-depth interview with the government, fishermen, businessmen, and NGOs. This study found that the formation process of the social network structure in the management of Lake Tempe is a dynamic interaction among actors, i.e., cooperation in one side and competition on the other side, forming a social networking structure in two types: centrality and heterogeneity network. Network centrality occurs at the level of decision-making, the rules of play, and the allocation of resources, which is dominated by government actors, while heterogeneity network is dominated by communities that are still maintaining social capital such as kinship as well as knowledge and resources sharing. Brokerages, those who link the advantaged groups (local government and big-scale-fisherman/Pallawang) with the disadvantaged (small-scale-fisherman/ Pakkajalalla) do not exist in the management. Although the existence of brokerages is potential, they may also have a conflict of interest, since authorities and economic factors will be their target
International Education beyond State Regulations in Indonesia: Practices from Y Province-Based Public and Private High Schools
Full text linkThe objective of this study is to examine implementation of the international education (IE) policy (under the so-called Undang-Undang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional (the Law of National Education System) and its legal derivatives) at high school level in Indonesia by investigating the policy text and its dynamic practices concerning the IE policies at both public and private schools. The study employs qualitative case study methodology combining data collection methods which include individual interviews to key resource persons and documents analysis at national, local and at school levels. Using the Vidovich policy framework, the study explores how national executive, legislative and judicial (states) bodies interact in formulating IE policy and how the policy has impacted at school level. Two schools of public and private that implemented international curriculum were selected as case studies. The study finds that the IE policy that was initially formulated at national level by relevant state authorities/agencies has however resulted in weakening role of the state due in part to its centralized feature (despite its decentralized implementation claim). Consequently, in the stage of its implementation at school level, providers of IE and their champions as non-state actors play significant roles. The study indicates importance and significance of relevant state authorities at local government level in the framework to offer effective supervision on the IE policy implementation
Inclusive, Responsive, Democratic Local Government Institution and Active Citizens
Full text linkReform in decentralization and village democratization can be seen in the involvement of villagers in the policy-making process, both in the economic, political and rural development fields. In the community planning process there is widespread (participatory) community involvement. The involvement of citizens in village development is one part of the development goals. Equality, justice, non-violence, tolerance, inclusiveness, transparency, accountability and responsiveness are principles that must be put forward in the village development planning process. The involvement of citizens in village development planning and budgeting aims to ensure and identify what should be the development priorities, policies, programs and activities that require budget or resources. By using a descriptive qualitative approach, this research is expected to be able to understand more deeply about inclusive and responsive democracy carried out by village government institutions and the involvement of villagers' participation. This is one of the first steps that should be taken by the village government in building democracy at the village level
Role of Democratic Volunteers as the "Election Marketer"
Full text linkVoter turnout in 1999-2009 has decreased significantly. At 1999 92.6% chosen and 7.3% abstains, at 2004 84.1% chosen and 15.9% abstains, at 2009 70.9% chosen and 29.1% abstains. (www.merdeka.com). These conditions encourage Indonesian Election Commision to form Democratic Volunteer as an agent that helps the socialization of Election 2014. This study aims to comprehensively assess the role of Democratic Volunteer as "Election Marketer" in Principal Agency Theory perspective. This study uses qualitative research with case study approach. The results are (1) Relations between Pasuruan Regency Election Commision as principal with Democratic Volunteerasagent (2) Contract model of Democratic Volunteer in two aspects, the type of contract that contract model is short Term Contracts, and the type of both relationship are relation between government and civil society; (3) In carrying out its role as election marketer, Democratic Volunteer fulfill four criteria in Principal Agency Theory perspective. The weakness of model contract of Democratic Volunteer are Short Term Contracts must be solved by entering into a Long Term Contracts to be interwoven communication simultaneously between the government, in this case between Pasuruan Regency Election Commision with Democratic Volunteer as the embodiment of Civil Societies participation is represented by five segments groups of voters