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Excitatory-inhibitory homeostasis and bifurcation control in the Wilson-Cowan model of cortical dynamics
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317042.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access
Effect of using the Simple Erosion Narrowing Score or Sharp/van der Heijde score on the power of rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials to detect differences in radiographic progression.
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317358.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access)OBJECTIVES: The Simple Erosion Narrowing Score (SENS) is a simplification of the Sharp/van der Heijde score (SHS). Previous studies found SENS and SHS to have very similar measurement properties, but suggest that SENS has a lower discriminative ability that may result in reduced power. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the effect of using SENS rather than SHS on the power to show between-group differences in radiographic progression. METHODS: Using data from two clinical trials in RA (DRESS and BeSt), SENS was derived from the SHS. Criterion validity of the SENS in relation to the SHS was assessed by calculating the Spearman correlation. The power of both scores to show a difference between groups was compared using bootstrapping to generate 10 000 replications of each study. Then, the number of replications with a significant difference in progression (using analysis of covariance adjusted for baseline scores) were compared. RESULTS: Correlations between SENS and SHS were all >0.9, indicating high criterion validity of SENS compared with SHS as a reference standard. There was one exception-the DRESS study showed a somewhat lower correlation for the change score at 18 months (0.787). The loss in power of SENS over SHS was limited to at most 19% (BeSt year 5). In addition, the difference in power between SENS and SHS is smaller at higher levels of power. CONCLUSION: SENS appears to be a reasonable alternative to SHS, with only a limited loss of power to show between-group differences in radiographic progression
Evaluating Biparametric Versus Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Diagnosing Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer: An International, Paired, Noninferiority, Confirmatory Observer Study.
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315854.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (bpMRI), excluding dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is a potential replacement for multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in diagnosing clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). An extensive international multireader multicase observer study was conducted to assess the noninferiority of bpMRI to mpMRI in csPCa diagnosis. METHODS: An observer study was conducted with 400 mpMRI examinations from four European centers, excluding examinations with prior prostate treatment or csPCa (Gleason grade [GG] ≥2) findings. Readers assessed bpMRI and mpMRI sequentially, assigning lesion-specific Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scores (3-5) and a patient-level suspicion score (0-100). The noninferiority of patient-level bpMRI versus mpMRI csPCa diagnosis was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) alongside the sensitivity and specificity at PI-RADS ≥3 with a 5% margin. The secondary outcomes included insignificant prostate cancer (GG1) diagnosis, diagnostic evaluations at alternative risk thresholds, decision curve analyses (DCAs), and subgroup analyses considering reader expertise. Histopathology and ≥3 yr of follow-up were used for the reference standard. KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS: Sixty-two readers (45 centers and 20 countries) participated. The prevalence of csPCa was 33% (133/400); bpMRI and mpMRI showed similar AUROC values of 0.853 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.819-0.887) and 0.859 (95% CI, 0.826-0.893), respectively, with a noninferior difference of -0.6% (95% CI, -1.2% to 0.1%, p < 0.001). At PI-RADS ≥3, bpMRI and mpMRI had sensitivities of 88.6% (95% CI, 84.8-92.3%) and 89.4% (95% CI, 85.8-93.1%), respectively, with a noninferior difference of -0.9% (95% CI, -1.7% to 0.0%, p < 0.001), and specificities of 58.6% (95% CI, 52.3-63.1%) and 57.7% (95% CI, 52.3-63.1%), respectively, with a noninferior difference of 0.9% (95% CI, 0.0-1.8%, p < 0.001). At alternative risk thresholds, mpMRI increased sensitivity at the expense of reduced specificity. DCA demonstrated the highest net benefit for an mpMRI pathway in cancer-averse scenarios, whereas a bpMRI pathway showed greater benefit for biopsy-averse scenarios. A subgroup analysis indicated limited additional benefit of DCE MRI for nonexperts. Limitations included that biopsies were conducted based on mpMRI imaging, and reading was performed in a sequential order. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: It has been found that bpMRI is noninferior to mpMRI in csPCa diagnosis at AUROC, along with the sensitivity and specificity at PI-RADS ≥3, showing its value in individuals without prior csPCa findings and prostate treatment. Additional randomized prospective studies are required to investigate the generalizability of outcomes.01 februari 202
Exploratory study of the lateral body sway predictability as frame of reference for gait rehabilitation following a total knee arthroplasty
No full textItem does not contain fulltextAims: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the predictability of frontoparallel trunk rotations (lateral body sway) could serve as a frame of reference to monitor recovery after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods: Before surgery, 11 TKA patients were asked to perform a treadmill walking task at three different speeds. In addition, their gait abilities were scored on three standard clinical walking tests. The treadmill walking task was repeated at three different timepoints following surgery, i.e., at 3, 6 and 12 months post-TKA. The movements of the trunk weredigitized with an inertial sensor to capture the amplitude and the sample entropy (SEn) of the lateral body sway that were evaluated in separate ANOVAs.Results: Before surgery the TKA group showed larger body sway (P = 0.025) with smaller SEn values (P = 0.038), which both restored to levels of healthy adults in the 12 months following surgery. Systematic correlations between the SEn values and the clinical test scoreswere found.Conclusions: The current findings show that movement behavior of the trunk in the frontoparallel plane was affected by knee osteoarthritis and suggest that the predictability of the lateral body sway may serve as an index of recovery after TKA.In this collection, you can find information about the experimental protocol (01. Experiment), datasets (both raw and (pre)processed data) (02. Data), Matlab scripts (03. Scripts) and statistical analysis (04. Data analysis)
Hezbollah, Libanon, Palestina, Israel
No full textItem does not contain fulltextClingendael pre-deployment training for UN, 05 maart 2025ClingendaelInvited lectur
Enantioselective Complexation of Protonated Tyrosine by a Chiral Crown-ether: The Nature of the Hydrogen Bonds Makes the Difference
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317167.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access
Automated Grading of Peripheral Facial Palsy
No full textItem does not contain fulltextThis repository contains the underlying data of the thesis "Automated Grading of Facial Palsy" by T.C. ten Harkel. These data are separated in the following 4 folders: Chapter 2, Chapter 3 (part 1 & 2), Chapter 4, and Chapter 5. Each chapter folder contains a separate Readme.txt file giving a detailed description of the data contained in that folder. A brief overview can be found below:Chapter 2 :This folder contains the RealSense F200 depth accuracy (mm) for each individual patient for each pose of the Sunnybrook Facial Grading System (SFGS).Chapter 3 part 1:This folder contains the following data: (1) the landmarks as placed by the observers for each individual patient during the neutral pose of the SFGS, (2) the depth accuracy of the RealSense D415 for each individual patient during the neutral pose of the SFGS, (3) the landmark placement accuracy between the observers for each individual patient during the neutral pose of the SFGS, (4) the difference between the anthropometric measurements between observers for each individual patient during the neutral pose of the SFGS.Chapter 3 part 2:This folder contains the following data: (1) the landmarks as placed by the observers for each individual patient during the voluntary movements of the SFGS, (2) the depth accuracy of the RealSense D415 for each individual patient during the voluntary movements of the SFGS, (3) the landmark placement accuracy between the observers for each individual patient during the voluntary movements of the SFGS, (4) the difference between the anthropometric measurements between observers for each individual patient during the voluntary movements of the SFGS.Chapter 4:This folder contains the actual SFGS score and predicted SFGS score of the CNN model for all individual patients, divided into the 13 separate SFGS elements and five stratified k-folds.Chapter 5:This folder contains the actual SFGS score and predicted SFGS score of the CNN model for all individual patients, divided into the 13 separate SFGS elements and five stratified k-folds
Impact of Mutation Profile on Outcomes of Neoadjuvant Therapy in GIST.
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317330.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant imatinib therapy plays a crucial role in the management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), but its impact across various mutational profiles remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to describe the clinicopathological features and to assess the response and surgical outcomes of neoadjuvant imatinib in GIST patients exhibiting diverse mutational profiles. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study, extracting data from the Dutch GIST Registry, including patients treated with neoadjuvant imatinib. Response rate was the primary outcome, and secondary outcomes were the time on neoadjuvant treatment and resection margins (R0 vs. R1/R2), respectively. RESULTS: Between 2009 and 2021, 326 patients were treated with neoadjuvant imatinib, of which 264 (80.9%) underwent resection. A total of 197 (74.6%) of them had a KIT-exon 11 mutation, 19 (7.3%) had other KIT mutations, 10 (3.8%) had PDGFRA D842 mutations, 21 (6.8%) had other PDGFRA mutations, 2 (0.7%) had NTRK mutation, 1 (0.4%) had an SDH mutation, and 17 (6.4%) had WT GISTs. Patients with KIT-exon 11 mutations demonstrated a higher rate of partial response to imatinib (60.5% vs. 33.3%; p = 0.00). A positive resection margin (R1 or R2) was observed in 14 (21.2%) patients with a non-KIT exon 11 mutations and in 11 (5.5%) patients with a KIT-exon 11 mutation (p = 0.00). Moreover, non-KIT exon 11 mutation patients had a shorter median duration of neoadjuvant therapy (5.3 months, range 0.5-21.0) compared to patients with a KIT exon 11 mutation (8.8 months, range 0.2-31.3; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our study highlights the variability in treatment response associated with different GIST mutational profiles. Patients with a KIT-exon-11 mutation tended to respond more favorably to neoadjuvant imatinib in terms of partial response and surgical outcomes
A combination of Azolla filiculoides and duckweed for municipal wastewater effluent polishing in a year-round pilot
No full textItem does not contain fulltextTo test the nutrient uptake efficiency and CO2 uptake of two functional groups of floating plants, we grew the water fern Azolla filiculoides and duckweed (a mix of Spirodela polyrhiza, Lemna minor, and L. minuta) on wastewater effluent in a year-round experiment at a wastewater treatment plant. The floating plants were grown in cascading tanks of 300 L, containing either one single plant-type or both plant-types in different sequences. All four treatments were run in duplicate. We assessed nutrient removal efficiency for a full seasonal cycle (October - October) and with two different flow rates: 24 or 12 L h-1. To determine the climate impact of plant-mediated effluent polishing, we measured greenhouse gas fluxes (carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide) on six occasions during the year. Furthermore, we constructed a model to assess the effect of hydraulic residence time and harvesting frequency on phosphorus removal efficiency
Non-classical monocytes are associated with functional markers of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
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318160.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)9 p