ASEAN Marketing Journal
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Passion and Self-Efficacy Based Decision Quality: Conceptualization and Empirical Research
Manuscript type: Research articleResearch Aims: I the marketing domain, consumer decision quality conceptualization still leaves unfulfilled nodes. When the decisions are made under uncertainty, decision outcomes occurred in the long run, and decision outcomes are determined mostly by customer participation in the value creation process; decision satisfaction as a decision quality sole indicator has less power. Therefore, this study offers passion-and self-efficacy-based decision quality in which passion and self-efficacy acted as a unidimensional construct in its function as a decision quality indicator.Design/methodology/approach: The study used a cross-sectional design. The data were collected with a survey using online questionnaires from 350 conveniently chosen respondents. The data are analyzed using structural equation modeling.Research Findings: Passion and self-efficacy based decision quality is a valid and reliable construct that is also more powerful and has better goodness-of-fit than decision satisfaction in representing decision quality. Its influence on mastery goals is higher than on avoidance goals. Approach motivation goals influence loyalty intention positively and likelihood to switch negatively. Avoidance motivation goals influence loyalty intention negatively and switching likelihood positively.Theoretical Contribution/Originality: Passion and self-efficacy-based decision quality is a concept that is still limited to the present study and can be considered as new to the scientific world.Practitioner/Policy Implication: To increase loyalty intention, a university can fertilize approach achievement and decrease avoidance achievement motivations.Research limitation/Implications: Further research is encouraged to utilize longitudinal design to check a decision and its effect stabilities' in two or more different time points.  
Moderating Role of Credibility and Ad Liking Between Online Advertisement and Consumer Buying Behavior of University Students of Pakistan
Research aim: The motivation behind the study is to see the effect of online ad on shopper conduct just from the university understudy point of view. Methodology: There are five autonomous factors in the study and one is the reliant variable. The study information is gathered from 300 respondents and put into the SPSS to make the determination through Multiple Regression. Theoretical contribution: The study is beneficial for the theory developers and the readers who are interested in designing the advertisement for youth because university students mostly consist of youth who have different thought of opinion because they are open to vast environment which is impacting on their thoughts. Research implication: The study demonstrates that 56.4 for each penny variety in ward variable is because of autonomy and reasoned that online promotion significantly affects shopper purchasing conduct and it is a huge section. 
Label Size Evaluation of Ready-To-Drink Beverages Based On Brand Knowledge Assessment with Brand Awareness as A Parameter
Manuscript type: Research Article Research Aims: Evaluate label size of RTD beverages based on brand awareness assessment to bridge the gap between marketing needs and environmental requirement. Design/Methodology/Approach: Interview, brand recognition experiment, brand recall questionnaire Research Finding: Propose some variation in percentage of label size reduction and show that larger label sizes do not ensure it will influence consumer’s ability and response time in recognizing products will be faster. Practitioner/Policy Implication: Label size reduction is a fine strategic implementation to initiate synergy between brand owners and recyclers toward sustainable waste management practice. Research Limitation/Implication: Label size reduction turns out to have positive implications for marketing side of the product. 
PERSONAL NORM AND PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL CONSUMER BEHAVIOR: AN APPLICATION OF NORM ACTIVATION THEORY
Manuscript type: Research paperResearch Aims: This study aims to fill the research gap from previous research regarding personal norms in explaining pro-environmental behavior, which does not involve awareness of consequences and ascription of responsibility as antecedents to activate personal norms. Therefore, this study tries to examine personal norms based on norm activation theory in explaining behavior.Design/methodology/approach: The final sample size is 300 respondents selected through purposive sampling technique. Primary data is collected through a closed-end questionnaire. Data analysis consists of two stages, namely the confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model.Research Findings: Awareness of consequences and ascription of responsibility significantly form a personal norm as a core factor of the norm activation theory. Consumers feel that they have a moral obligation concerning the environment. Active personal norm, successfully forming both intention and actual behavior in the context of sorting out waste. In the downstream stage of consumer behavior, it will lead to becoming pro-environmental consumer behavior based on altruistic values.Theoretical Contribution/Originality: Personal norm is proven to be activated by awareness of consequences and ascription of responsibility. Active personal norm will lead to affect behavior, with or without being preceded by intention.Practitioner/Policy Implication: Social marketers can encourage consumers to behave proenvironmentally by activating the personal norm from their target audience first.Research limitation/Implications: This study was conducted in a cross-sectional period. Therefore, future studies will be more robust if the actual behavior is measured in a longitudinal period
The Anomaly OF Airline Passenger Behavioral Intention: A Comparison Between Low-Cost and Full-Service Airlines
Manuscript type: Research paper Research Aims: This study investigates the effect of service quality, perceived value for money, and customer satisfaction based on behavioral intentions to re-use, be loyal, and to recommend the airlines to others, in low-cost and full-service airlines. Design/methodology/approach: The online survey was conducted to 161 low-cost and 156 full-service airline passengers Research Findings: The study indicates that the most robust variable that influences the airline passengers’ behavioral intention is customer satisfaction. The study also indicates that customer satisfaction has a positive impact on passengers’ behavior intention in both the low cost and full-service customer groups. The study shows an anomaly in regard to the effect of value for money and service quality on behavioral intention. Although it is expected that perceived value for money will positively and significantly influence behavioral intention of low-cost airline customers, the study found that the impact of the variable is not significant in this customer group. In contrast, it is predicted that service quality will have a more positive impact on full- service airline passenger, but the study found no direct effect of the variable on the customer behavioral intention. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: The study will shed light on the relative importance of value for monet and service quality in the market where the low-cost carrier become the key players. Practitioner/Policy Implication: The results indicate that the characteristics and the antecedents of the behavioral intention of the airline passenger might have changed. Therefore, the airline company should make some adaptation on their marketing strategy especially in regard to the pricing and service quality. Research limitation/Implications: This study only distinguishes between low-cost and full- service airlines in general, without really considering the brand specifics of each airline. Thus, an inaccurate picture of a specific brand may be presented, since the performance of each brand is so different. The future researcher can investigate the robustness of the model and relationships among variables among different airlines brand. 
A meta-analysis of customer loyalty in the banking Services
Abstract: This paper presents a systematic framework via a meta-analytical approach to distinguish various dimensions of customer loyalty in the banking industry. Manuscript type: Documentary Research. Research Aims: Presenting a systematic framework of customer loyalty in the banking industry. Design/methodology/approach: The authors conducted searches in various databases and analysed 146 observations in 27 articles. For the quantitative data analysis, the authors used the count of variable repetitions to measure the size and scope of the studied variables. Research Findings: The findings of this meta-analysis demonstrated four dimensions of customer loyalty in the banking sector: behavioral loyalty, attitudinal loyalty, cognitive loyalty and affective loyalty. These four dimensions were derived from 25 variables. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This research has clarified the dimensions of customer loyalty in the banking sector and presented important results through a meta-analytical review. This meta-analysis contributes to the marketing literature using a set of empirical generalizations, including relationship coefficients and calculated fail-safe numbers. Practitioner/Policy Implication: The results show that according to the four main dimensions of loyalty, managers should care about customer loyalty because it results from the consumer’s banking outcomes. Research limitation/Implications: This meta-analysis reviewed universal relations between literature throughout expanding and improving on current knowledge. It identified ways that research on customer loyalty in the banking sector is lacking and presents suggestions for the elaboration of new studies to allow future researchers to better define their agendas. 
GREEN PURCHASE DETERMINANTS BASED ON INTERPRETIVE STRUCTURAL MODELING: CASE OF IRAN’S GREEN MARKETING
Manuscript type: Research paperResearch Aims: This paper aims to clarify the relationship between the green purchase behavior’s affecting factors as well as organizing them depending upon their driving and dependence power which ultimately leads to an ISM-based structural model.Design/methodology/approach: Thorough literature review and subsequent discussions with experts, antecedent factors of green purchase behavior are extracted, which are followed by ISM structural modeling.Research Findings: Interpretive structural modeling, justified a five-layer structure in which the role of government, social influence, and reference power are the cornerstones of green purchase behavior in Iran’s green market.Theoretical Contribution/Originality: As the general rule of all affecting factors in stimulating green purchase behavior of customers, this is a rare study which investigates and provides insights to clarify the exact role of the factors in the field, including driving, linkage, autonomous and dependent variables.Practitioner/Policy Implication: Scrutinizing the motivators of green purchasing behavior and their interrelationships would help professionals as well as scholars to understand its determinants, which will lead to more insightful decisions. Further, this understanding may be useful in shaping green marketing policies and strategies for Iranian and the other green product firms al around the world.Research limitation/Implications: the limitation of this study was twofold: first, as purchasing green products is not isolated from cultural context, this study has been conducted in a green purchase cultural context which is in developing phase; Second, reaching to academia experts was another limitation of the study as there has been a lack of in-depth study in this field by Iranian academics
EFFECT OF MARKETING MIX AND NATIONAL CULTURE ON CONSUMER BUYING INTENTION FOR MUSIC PRODUCTS: A CASE STUDY OF INDONESIAN AND INDIAN CONSUMERS
Manuscript type: Research articles.Research Aims: To determine the effect of marketing mix and culture on consumer buying intention on music product.Design/methodology/approach: The research conducted a different test to determine there are whether or not differences in consumer behavior in Indonesia and in India.Research Findings: The results of this study can provide information to music industry about the factors that can attract consumer buying intention of music products, so the music industry can determine the right product marketing strategy.Theoretical Contribution/Originality: This research was conducted by analyzing the perceptions of consumers from Indonesia and India by paying attention to internal and external factors such as the culture of Indonesia and India.Practitioner/Policy Implication: Reducing piracy of music works, with the implementation of laws that can ensnare piracy that occurs.Research limitation/Implications: The research is only seen from consumer perceptions, while the perceptions of company or music industry are still not done
THE COMPARISON OF CREDIT ACCESSIBILITY CHANNEL ON SATISFACTION AND LOYALTY: CASE STUDY OF CREDIT CONSUMER “GENERATION X AND Y” IN THAILAND
Manuscript type: Research articleResearch aims: The study aimed to compare the effects of credit accessibility channels on satisfaction and loyalty between credit users in generations X and Y. Design/methodology/approach: The sample groups were as follows: 1)138 credit users in generation X (n = 138) and, 2) 262 credit users in generation Y (n =262). The data were analyzed using the AMOS program via the structure equation modeling (SEM) technique. Research findings: The online channel showed the positive influence of satisfaction in both the generation X and Y groups. The results also indicated that generation Y credit users exhibited higher satisfaction after using online channels than generation X credit users did.Theoretical contribution/originality: The study classified target groups into generation X and Y to identify satisfaction and loyalty in the banking industry. The findings can be used for determining and managing the channel strategy to align with their target group’s generation. Practitioner/policy implications: The usage of an online channel could not generate loyalty. Therefore, the bank should focus on establishing the reliability and credibility of the online channel, which will ultimately result in satisfaction and loyalty to the bank.Research limitation/implications: The researcher focused on credit channels affecting consumers’ satisfaction and loyalty. Future research should concentrate on other marketing factors, such as credit conditions and service availability
INFLUENCE OF NON-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS ON INDONESIAN CONSUMERS PURCHASE INTENTION TOWARDS GREEN PRODUCTS
This research analyzed the influence of non-demographic factors to Indonesian consumers’ attitude towards green products. Furthermore, this research also investigated the relationship between consumers’ attitude and the intention to purchase green products. This research used questionnaire data from 350 respondents selected by judgemental sampling. Data was analyzed using regression method. The research found that only five out of six non-demographic factors tested were proven to influence the Indonesian consumers’ attitude towards green products. Based on their magnitude of influence, the five factors are altruism, perceived consumer effectiveness, collectivism, perceived benefit, and environmental knowledge. Meanwhile, the interpersonal influence, another factor tested, was not proven to affect the consumers’ attitude towards green products. Consumers’ attitude towards green products also influence consumers’ intention to purchase those products