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Guest editorial: large-scale knowledge discovery in computational social systems
No full textThe rapid growth of digital interaction has produced a massive volume of complex, high-dimensional data. This data reflects individual behavior, group dynamics, and large-scale patterns across social platforms, sensor networks, and digital infrastructures. Traditional methods struggle to keep up with the speed and scale of this data. New models are needed to find structure, uncover hidden patterns, and support timely decisions [1]. As digital and physical environments continue to overlap, through smart cities, wearables, and connected devices, computational social systems must adapt to handle behaviors that are increasingly fast-changing, distributed, and varied across data types.</p
Social networks, messaging apps, addictive use, and academic performance in adolescents: findings from the EHDLA study
No full textBackground: Academic performance in adolescence is a key predictor of future educational, occupational, and health outcomes. While social networks (SNs) and messaging apps are increasingly integrated into adolescents’ daily lives, their impact on academic achievement remains debated. This study aimed to evaluate associations between the use of SNs, messaging apps, addictive behaviors, and academic performance in Spanish adolescents.Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) study, which included 583 adolescents aged 12–17 years from three secondary schools in Valle de Ricote, Spain, during the 2021–2022 academic year. SNs and messaging app use were assessed via a self-report scale. Addictive behaviors were measured using the Short Social Networks Addiction Scale-6 Symptoms (SNAddS-6 S). Academic performance was evaluated using grade point average (GPA) and subject-specific grades obtained from school records. Associations were analyzed using generalized linear models adjusted for important covariates.Results: The median age of participants was 14 years (interquartile range: 13 to 15), with 57% female. TikTok and WhatsApp were the most frequently used platforms. No statistically significant association was found between the overall use of SNs and GPA. However, higher levels of addictive behaviors related to SNs use were significantly associated with lower academic performance (B = − 0.15, 95% CI: − 0.26 to − 0.03, p = 0.014).Conclusions: There was no significant association between overall SNs use and GPA. However, a significant negative association was observed for addictive behaviors related to SNs use. These findings highlight the need for educational interventions that address problematic or addictive patterns of SN use, fostering self-regulation and healthy digital habits while preserving the benefits of online connectivity.</p
Guarantees of Non-repetition (GNR)
No full textThis chapter explores the evolving role of Guarantees of Non-Repetition (GNR) in the digital age, focusing on how technological advancements, particularly in surveillance capitalism and algorithmic decision-making, impact transitional justice efforts. GNR is a forward-looking pillar aimed at preventing future human rights violations by addressing systemic causes of past abuses. The chapter analyzes how the rise of surveillance technologies and the influence of economic actors necessitate rethinking GNR frameworks, especially in Latin America. It delves into the fragmentation of regulatory ecosystems, the digital divide, and the challenges of ensuring equitable access to technology. The chapter also addresses the role of AI in the digital welfare state, highlighting concerns around algorithmic discrimination and data commodification. By examining the intersection of technology, business, and human rights, the chapter argues for the adaptation of GNR strategies to safeguard human rights in increasingly digitized societies.</p
Impact of music interventions on depression in care home residents with dementia: UK results from music interventions for depression and dementia in elderly care RCT
No full textBackground: We report UK findings from Music Interventions for Depression and Dementia in Elderly care (MIDDEL), a cross-national, clustered, randomised trial undertaken in 2018–2023 to evaluate the effectiveness of music interventions for depression symptoms in care home residents living with dementia (NCT03496675, clinicaltrials.gov (accessed on 1 December 2024)). The trial compared the effects of Group Music Therapy (GMT) with Recreational Choir Singing (RCS); GMT and RCS combined; and treatment as usual (TAU). Methods: In the intervention arms, the protocolized music interventions were delivered in care home units twice per week for three months, then once per week for three months. The primary outcome was depressive symptoms after six months, measured by MADRS. Secondary outcomes included well-being—EQ-5D-5L, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS); quality of life—QOL-AD; symptoms of dementia—SIB-8, NPI-Q; and caregiver distress—NPI-Q. The change in MADRS score from baseline to 6 months was assessed using a linear mixed-effects model. We report the multivariate model having both treatments as predictors, both unadjusted and adjusted, for the interaction between the treatments. Results: The UK trial started in 2022 after the pandemic lockdown, when 16 care home units were recruited and randomised, four per arm; 192 residents aged over 65 with depression and dementia participated. An ITT analysis of 146 participants retained at 6 months found neither intervention had a significant positive effect on any outcome. Significant unfavourable effects were found for RCS participants on MADRS, NPI symptom severity, and EQ-VAS. The combination of RCS + GMT had a detrimental effect on caregiver distress. Conclusions: MIDDEL UK findings do not support the use of GMT or RCS to alleviate depression in care home residents with dementia.</p
Data Availability Studies in HE
No full textData captured from PPD Pulse, used for Rasch analysis - questionnaire validation.</p
Mapping the online hard & soft recruitment patterns of nonviolent extremists online in the UK (2016-2021): a longitudinal analysis of Britain First, 5 Pillars and Earth First!
No full textMany studies have been concerned with the presence of extremist content online, either on specific websites, social media, or alternative platforms. The limited studies accounting for examine the temporal dynamics of such activity as an explanatory variable but neglect content-specific changes in communication. Using Natural Language Processing, this paper examines the posting behavior across three nonviolent extremist groups (Britain First, 5 Pillars and Earth First!) to identify common recruitment strategies groups implemented in the UK between 2016 and 2021.</p
Two-year outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: hypothermia versus normothermia
No full textNo description supplied</p
Managing the evolving facets of community policing (community relations, diversity, community tensions, and crime hotspots) to improve service quality and crime mitigation performance: a study of Sharjah Police
No full textThis study investigates the degree to which evolving facets of community policing (community relations, diversity, community tensions, and crime hotspots) may be managed to improve the police service quality and crime mitigation performance of police personnel. Effective and efficient re-orientation of community policing is often challenged and has been argued as highly unoptimized. Acknowledging that communities are ever evolving, managing vital evolving facets remains central to effectively transitioning and operationalising community policing. To achieve this aim, the study applies the marketing orientation theory.A quantitative methodological orientation is adopted, considering the case of the UAE Sharjah Police Department, from a positivist philosophical position, deductive research approach, and survey research strategy. The population of the study consists of 4,500 front-line personnel, including 2000 civilian and 2,500 military police personnel. An actual sample size of 533 is considered generalisable using the Krejcie and Morgan formula, following the stratified proportional sampling technique to ensure representativeness. Data analysis follows the Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique.Findings indicate that community relations and diversity management have a positive and moderately strong influence on service quality and crime mitigation performance of police personnel. Resolving community tensions has a positive impact on service quality but a negative impact on police personnel performance. Finally, managing crime hotspots has a positive impact on service quality. It is concluded that service quality partially mediates the impact of managing community relations, diversity management, and resolving community tensions on the crime mitigation performance of the police personnel, whilst completely mediating the impact of managing crime hotspots on this performance outcome.Novel insight reveals that managing the evolving facets of community policing holds the potential to improve police personnel performance through service quality. It is recommended that community policing re-orientation and operationalisation will be more effective if the evolving components of community relations, evolving diversity, community tensions, and crime hotspots are routinely managed. Future research may investigate the rationale behind the negative impact of community tension management on the crime mitigation performance of police personnel, despite its positive overall contribution to service quality.</p
Factors influencing health-seeking behaviours and self-care practices among black-African Caribbean people living with type 2 diabetes: a community-focused qualitative study from Southwestern England
No full textBackground/objective: To examine factors influencing health-seeking behaviours and self-care practices of diabetes, including the uptake and use of diabetic services among community-dwelling black African-Caribbean people living in the UK.Design: Cross-sectional/qualitative.Setting: Community (Southwestern England).Participants: Nineteen individuals of African-Caribbean heritage, over the age of 50 years, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.MethodsThree focus group discussions (FGDs), each of which lasted for approximately 90 min, were held. These interviews were facilitated by a community-based health champion and a researcher of African-Caribbean heritage. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim, coded in NVivo software, and analysed using an inductive thematic approach.Primary outcome measuresFGD data.Results: A total of nine culturally specific and non-specific (generic) themes were identified. Culturally specific themes included the normalisation of diabetes at the community level, which was more pronounced among men than women. Participants were found to be inclined to either substitute or complement diabetes medications with cultural herbal remedies. There was a lack of trust in medical centric advice received from healthcare practitioners. Participants also expressed that healthcare practitioners do not always listen to or understand their needs and reported that there was a lack of culturally appropriate diabetes education and training programmes for their community members. Generic themes included difficulties and frustrations in getting doctor’s appointments, self-indiscipline and poor motivation for engaging in physical exercise and healthy eating.ConclusionSeveral cultural/community-related factors influence health-seeking behaviours and self-care practices of diabetes in African-Caribbean people living in the UK, often affecting men and women differently, alongside more general individual and healthcare system-related barriers. Addressing these factors is imperative in designing a culturally and demographically tailored diabetes education programme for these people.</p
Make an environmental impact beyond organizational boundaries through green leisure crafting of employees
No full textThis study explores the impact of green human resource management (HRM) practices on employees' pro‐environmental behaviors beyond the workplace. To explore this cross‐domain resource transfer process, we draw on self‐determination theory and propose that workplace environmental training can inspire employees to engage in green leisure crafting outside of work, thereby enhancing spontaneous personal green behaviors. In addition, building on person–environment fit theory, we further identify employees' environmental values as a positive contingency of the proposed cross‐domain resource transfer. Our empirical analysis, based on two‐wave data from 404 employees, reveals that green leisure crafting mediates the relationship between workplace environmental training and employees' green behaviors in their personal lives. These findings offer valuable insights into how modern organizations can meet the growing demand for environmental management and create social value by empowering their employees to contribute to environmental sustainability beyond organizational boundaries.</p
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