11237 research outputs found
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Response by Demir et al to letter regarding article, “Pressure derived indices in the left main coronary artery: insights from comprehensive in vivo hemodynamic studies of diseased and unobstructed vessels”
No full textIn Response: We thank Drs Yan and Jiang for their thoughtful comments on our article on pressure-derived indices in the left main coronary artery (LMCA).1 First, we agree that prior myocardial infarction and scar can impact physiological indices in the relevant territory.2 However, none of the 10 patients with a history of myocardial infarction in our study had wall motion abnormalities in the LMCA territory. In those who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, late gadolinium enhancement was subendocardial and confined to the right coronary artery territory. Therefore, the principal conclusion of our study—that indices of coronary physiology are inherently different between the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and the left circumflex artery (LCx)—remains valid.</p
Temporal trends in acute kidney injury-related mortality across 43 countries, 1996-2021, with projections up to 2050: a global time series analysis and modelling study
No full textBackground: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major global public health concern. However, a major challenge in addressing the AKI burden is the lack of global data on AKI-related mortality and its predictions, leaving significant limitations in understanding its trends over time. Therefore, we aimed to estimate AKI-related mortality rate trends and forecast future deaths.Methods: We evaluated the temporal trends in age-standardized AKI-related mortality from 1996 to 2021 across 43 countries using the World Health Organization Mortality Database, with future projections through to 2050. Temporal trends were assessed based on age-standardized mortality rates, and future projections up to 2050 were calculated using a predictive model that considered attributable risk factors from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Results: Age-standardized AKI-related mortality rate per 1,000,000 people remained stable from 1996 to 2021 (10.47 [95% confidence interval (CI), 8.84–12.11] to 9.94 [95% CI, 8.32–11.57]). Although age-standardized mortality rates were lower in high-income countries (HICs) compared to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), HICs exhibited a modest but statistically significant increasing trend (from 5.83 per 1,000,000 people [95% CI, 4.21–7.46] to 7.30 [95% CI, 5.66–8.95]), whereas LMICs showed a declining trend (from 19.66 [95% CI, 16.78–22.53] to 15.33 [95% CI, 12.37–18.29]). Projections indicate that mortality will rise to 11.36 per 1,000,000 population (95% CI, 10.65–12.07) by 2050, primarily attributable to population aging.Conclusion: This global time-series modeling study highlights rising AKI-related mortality in HICs and/or aging populations. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to mitigate future AKI-related deaths.</p
Broad support for lethal control of wild deer among subscribers of nature organisations in England and Wales
No full textWild deer populations are increasing across the northern hemisphere, posing challenges to the environment and people. Deer impacts can be managed using lethal and non‐lethal practices, but research suggests lethal control receives mixed support. Differences in perspectives towards management practices may hinder collaborative, landscape‐scale strategies required to achieve resilient ecosystems and tree cover targets. Thus, understanding human‐deer relationships is crucial for sustainable deer management. To investigate perceptions towards deer and their management in England and Wales, we designed a questionnaire measuring the level of support for different actions to manage deer impacts and beliefs regarding the aesthetic and existence, environmental, economic and cultural‐symbolic value of deer. Targeting actors within and outside the land management, the questionnaire was distributed to subscribers of five national organisations, three focussing on wildlife management and two on woodland management. We collected data from 3936 people and, using cluster analysis, characterised groups of respondents based on their beliefs towards deer. We assessed variations between groups by socio‐demographic characteristics and support for lethal and non‐lethal management practices. Lethal control was the most supported and most used deer management practice, followed by tree guards and deer fencing. Our cluster analysis grouped respondents into 4 clusters. The cluster composed predominantly of deer stalkers (47%) held the most positive perceptions of deer and registered the highest support for lethal control and the highest opposition to deer fencing. Conversely, the cluster with the highest proportion of farmers (27%) and lowest proportion of stalkers (16%) expressed more neutral and negative opinions towards deer. There was no evidence of column clusters, indicating that beliefs did not cluster according to value dimensions (e.g. economic, environmental), suggesting that deer were valued similarly across all value dimensions. Differing opinions on deer and land management goals make it difficult for neighbours to collaborate on managing deer. Lethal control received strong support, which could ease concerns about recommending its use by nature organisations and decision‐makers who depend on public backing. </p
The International Summit on Health Benefits of Physical Fitness for People With Down Syndrome: Current Science, Gaps, Priorities, and Research Opportunities
No full textABSTRACTThe summary paper reports on and highlights the scientific discussions and development process for new expert‐recommended physical fitness guidelines for individuals with Down syndrome that occurred at the inaugural International Summit on Health Benefits of Physical Fitness for People with Down Syndrome (ISFDS). The Summit was a two‐day event held in May 2025 at the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston that brought together leading international scientists, clinicians, self‐advocates, community services and industries, and local and national advocacy organizations to discuss the latest research, therapies, and collaborative opportunities in physical fitness for individuals with Down syndrome. Day 1 focused on the current state of the science and the identification of research gaps; Day 2 featured working groups dedicated to developing collaborations, planning future research, and creating expert clinical guidelines on physical fitness in children and adults with Down syndrome using a Delphi approach.</p
What is the best revision technique?
No full textIt may seem obvious but revising beforehand improves pupils’ outcomes in exams. However, the way learners revise and the revision techniques they use can have a big influence on these outcomes. When it comes to effective revision techniques, there has been an explosion in the discussion of evidence-based techniques, such as retrieval practice and spaced practice. Many teachers and schools now advise their pupils to use these during revision, but how can we be sure that these techniques are effective for chemistry revision?...</p
“Petticoat Patrols”: Cultural memory and the politics of commemoration
No full textNo description supplied</p
Arthropod niche differentiation linked to grazing-induced sward islets in intensively managed agricultural pasture
No full textNo description supplied</p
Educators promoting children's fine motor skills in early years settings: case studies in England and Lebanon
No full textPhysical development is acknowledged as an important area of young children’s growth, yet promoting fine motor skills – coordination of small hand muscles and vision for precise actions to achieve behavioural goals – is an overlooked area of investigation compared to other developmental domains. The research explores how children’s fine motor skills are promoted through tools and strategies in early years settings in Lebanon and England. The aim is to understand educational practices and provision, and offer some insights into culturally and pedagogically relevant strategies for supporting children’s holistic development.This qualitative research is underpinned by literature about fine motor skills curricula and pedagogies and informed by theories of maturation, affordances, dynamic systems, and development as a cultural process. Adopting a multiple case study approach, three nurseries in each country were selected for their different pedagogical approaches, environments, and use of resources. Data were collected over one academic year through participant observations, field notes, and visual documentation (photographs and videos) of children engaged in fine motor play activities. Semi-structured interviews with a teacher in each nursery further portrayed the roles and perspectives of practitioners.Case studies from settings in England and Lebanon are presented via a synthesis of data and then analysed thematically according to personal, interpersonal, and community planes. Pedagogies and practices to promote fine motor skills at different levels, such as eye-hand coordination, practical life and independent tasks, and writing readiness were identified.Fine motor skill development is influenced by a dynamic interplay of curriculum design, educator roles, material affordances, and cultural values. The novelty of this work is providing insights about early childhood classroom provision for fine motor skills in two different cultural contexts. This research offers a basis for future research and teacher education, supporting teachers to reflect on how they promote young children’s acquisition of fine motor skills.</p
A critical investigation of global Methodist educational institutional leaders' values with special reference to selected International Association of Methodist Schools, Colleges and Universities as seen through a postcolonial lens
No full textThis thesis arose from my engagement with the International Association of Methodist Schools, Colleges and Universities. (IAMSCU). Observing the challenges of living out their Methodist identity across continents amid theological conflicts complexified by colonial legacies posed this question: What are the values of global Methodist educational institutional leaders as seen through a postcolonial lens?I recruited ten leaders across six continents holding senior academic positions and using a focus-group format, asked them to shape the questions that they would ask themselves, ensuring a participatory research process. I then asked them these questions in individual interviews. A second focus group discussed the findings and sharpened my understanding of the data.Four key values emerged: love of God and neighbour, integrity, courage and flourishing.Taken together, these interlocking values have the potential to shape a distinctive Methodist educational approach that takes seriously the tension between connexionalism and contextuality by recognizing differentiated tasks for colonised and coloniser in a postcolonial world. I argue that the curation of these values within a community of practice, such as IAMSCU, offers the space for global Methodist educational leaders better to articulate their values and collaborate across difference.</p
Associations Between Serum Electrolyte Impairments and Frailty Status in Older Adults
No full textNo description supplied</p
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