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Internet Aesthetics and Anaesthetics: Anaesthetic Media, from Brain Rot to Lobotomycore
No full textDrawing on the work of Susan Buck-Morss (1992) and Cressida Heyes (2020), this article develops the concept of “anaesthetic media”: media forms and practices that highlight social media’s role in numbing cognitive and sensory experience. While terms like ‘brain rot’, ‘zombie scrolling’ and ‘TikTok brain’ pathologise social media engagement, my focus here is how these ideas are taken up by young media users themselves as a means of expressing what it feels like to live in an age of ‘continuous compulsory connectivity’ (Lupinacci, 2020). Through an analysis of brain rot and lobotomycore content on TikTok and Pinterest, I consider how cognitive fatigue, emotional detachment, and sensory withdrawal are performed and embraced by Gen Z and Generation Alpha users. While these media work to aestheticise the cognitive strain and attentional fatigue of digital life, I suggest it is important to take seriously the desires for anaesthetic relief that are expressed through these youth cultures. As I argue, although these practices are often discursively constructed as strategies of affective or anaesthetic withdrawal, they participate in, and help to sustain, the demands of being a subject in an always-on culture.</p
Multi-source coherence analysis of the first European multi-centre cohort study for cancer prevention in people experiencing homelessness: a data quality study
No full textNo description supplied</p
Macro-level determinants of nature connectedness: an exploratory analysis of 61 countries
No full textNature connectedness is increasingly recognised as a causal issue in environmental crises and a powerful strategy for transformative change. However, little is known about how it varies across countries and the macro-level factors that influence the human–nature relationship at a societal level. Using a large dataset (N = 56,968) from a diverse set of 61 countries, this study explored how both objective country-level indicators of the socio-ecological context and subjective country-level indicators of socio-political values were related to nature connectedness. Using linear, factor, and network analysis, several objective (urbanicity and business environment) and subjective country indicators (scientific and religious values) were significantly associated with nature connectedness. These and other factors are combined into a proposed conceptual model of key macro-factors in the human-nature relationship that can inform future research and policy initiatives.</p
Effects of withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy on long-term neurological outcome after cardiac arrest − a multicentre matched cohort study
No full textPurpose: To assess the risk of self-fulfilling prophecy from withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy (WLST) in comatose cardiac arrest patients undergoing neuroprognostication.Methods: Post-hoc multicentre study matching adults resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, in WLST-permitting cohorts (TTM and TTM2), and non-WLST-permitting cohorts (KORHN and ProNeCA). We matched patients in a 1:1 ratio based on a propensity score, assessing the risk of WLST due to a presumed poor neurological prognosis and criteria predictive of poor neurological outcome, as outlined in the 2021 European Resuscitation Council/European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ERC/ESICM) guidelines. Functional outcome was compared at six months.Results: We included 1717 patients, of whom 497 (29 %) had WLST due to neurological criteria at a median of 143 h (IQR 108–177). 303 (61 %) patients with WLST retrospectively fulfilled ≥ 2 ERC/ESICM criteria predictive of poor outcome. No patients with ≥ 2 ERC/ESICM criteria had good functional outcome at six months, neither in the WLST cohort nor among the matched controls. One patient (0.3 %) with an indeterminate prognosis (≤1 ERC/ESICM criteria) had a good functional outcome in the WLST cohort versus 18–26 % of the matched controls. In exploratory weighted estimates, up to 18 % of patients with indeterminate prognosis may have survived with a good functional outcome, if WLST had not occurred.Conclusion: In patients with at least 2 ERC/ESICM criteria predictive of poor outcome, the risk of self-fulfilling prophecy from WLST was negligible. However, in patients with an indeterminate prognosis, the practice of WLST was associated with a lower likelihood of good functional outcome.</p
Linguistic and cultural adaptation of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for tinnitus to Indian English: methods and readability outcomes
No full textBackground: Tinnitus often causes distress, irritability, difficulty sleeping, and lack of concentration due to its consistent persistence. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a proven psychological treatment that can reduce tinnitus-related distress and can be provided via the Internet (ICBT). Such evidence-based, accessible treatments are not yet available in India. The increasing access to eHealth interventions in India will support and increase access to interventions like ICBT. This study aims to adapt ICBT for tinnitus to Indian English, ensuring it is culturally, linguistically, and contextually appropriate for the Indian population. Method: The material was carefully reviewed by an audiologist, a linguist, a psychologist and a psychiatrist. The adaptation procedure primarily followed the ISPOR Principles of Good Practice for the translation and cultural adaptation, with a few adaptations from the Ecological validity model. Conflicts were resolved with consensus among all professionals. Then, the content was validated by the psychologist and psychiatrist. Additionally, readability adjustments ensured comprehensibility of the target population. Results: A total of 76 (54 words and 22 phrases) were recommended for modification for reasons including cultural adaptation, lexicon, linguistic relevance, and concept coverage. Lexicons were the highest reason (52%) for modification. The material was critically validated by the expert committee and finalized based on comprehensibility, cultural appropriateness, and concept coverage, as the average scores were above 8 (benchmark pre-determined) for all modules. The readability scores also fell within the pre-determined criteria to finalize the material. Conclusion: This material has been adapted and validated for the Indian population, and it can now be further developed as a treatment program. This represents a significant step towards establishing standard, evidence-based tinnitus treatment protocols in India. Further studies should examine the feasibility, efficacy, and effectiveness of ICBT for the Indian population through clinical trials.</p
Factors influencing health-seeking behaviours and self-care practices among black-African Caribbean people living with type 2 diabetes: a community-focused qualitative study from Southwestern England
No full textBackground/Objective: To examine factors influencing health-seeking behaviours and self-care practices of diabetes, including the uptake and use of diabetic services among community-dwelling Black African-Caribbean people living in the UK.Design: Cross-sectional/qualitativeSetting: Community (Southwestern England)Participants: Nineteen individuals of African-Caribbean heritage, over the age of 50 years, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.Methods: Three focus group discussions (FGDs), each of which lasted for approximately 90 minutes were held. These interviews were facilitated by a community-based health champion and a researcher of African-Caribbean heritage. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim, coded in NVivo software, and analyzed using an inductive thematic approach.Primary outcome measures: Focus group discussion data.Results: A total of nine culturally specific and nonspecific (generic) themes were identified. Culturally specific themes included the normalization of diabetes at the community level, which was more pronounced among males than females. Participants were found to be inclined to either substitute or complement diabetes medications with cultural herbal remedies. There was a lack of trust in medical-centric advice received from healthcare practitioners. Participants also expressed that healthcare practitioners do not always listen to or understand their needs and reported that there was a lack of culturally appropriate diabetes education and training programs for their community members. Generic themes included difficulties and frustrations in getting doctor’s appointments, self-indiscipline, and poor motivation for engaging in physical exercise and healthy eating.Conclusion: Several cultural/community-related factors influence health-seeking behaviours and self-care practices of diabetes in African-Caribbean people living in the UK, often affecting men and women differently, alongside more general individual and healthcare system-related barriers. Addressing these factors is imperative in designing a culturally and demographically tailored diabetes education program for these people.</p
Comparisons of the impacts of disturbance on amphibian species richness in the Chocóan Rainforest, Ecuador
No full textReserva Tesoro Escondido is located within the Tumbes-Chocó-Magdalena biodiversity hotspot in north-west Ecuador and is home to approximately 679 amphibian species. This study aimed to investigate the effects of disturbance on amphibian species richness, abundance and assemblage through the use of visual encounter surveys along three study sites within the Reserva Tesoro Escondido. The results from these surveys report 406 observations and 46% of the total known amphibian species. Species evenness and diversity did not significantly vary across three sites sampled in the reserve even when accounting for abiotic factors, resulting in a site-specific species assemblage. Generalised Linear Models (GLM) investigated species richness and abundance relationship to environmental variables, finding altitude as the most significant factor on species abundance and richness. Overall, the results showed great diversity and no trace of species homogenisation across habitats which may be linked to disturbance.</p
Healing after the quake: evaluating the preparedness of Nepalese hospitals for future disasters
No full textPurpose: This study aims to evaluate the disaster preparedness levels of public hospital in Nepal using the hospital safety index tool. Design/Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in three public hospitals in Nepal using the hospital safety index tool 2015 version. Multiple methods, such as site visits, document review, photo analysis, and interviews with hospital personnel, were used to collect data. Based on the score, hospitals were classified into one of three categories for the level of safety: category A (high safety), category B (moderate safety), or category C (low safety). Findings: The findings revealed that all assessed hospitals fell into the “B” category, indicating a moderate level of preparedness, and suggesting that their ability to function during and after emergencies and disasters may be potentially at risk. One hospital achieved a category “a” rating, while the remaining two attained category “b” ratings in the structural module. For the nonstructural module, two hospitals were categorized as level “b,” while one hospital fell into category “c.” Additionally, each hospital obtained a category “b” rating in the emergency and disaster management module. Originality/value: This study fills a key evidence gap in South Asia by providing the first systematic assessment of hospital disaster preparedness in Nepal using the hospital safety index tool. The findings offer standardized data for benchmarking, reveal structural, nonstructural, and functional challenges, and inform regional and global strategies to strengthen hospital resilience in resource-limited, disaster-prone settings.</p
A systematic review of the international literature on the gender of unpaid carers attending group-based physical activity with people with dementia
No full textDementia affects over 55 million people worldwide, with much support provided by unpaid carers, who struggle to access leisure-time physical activities. This review investigates gender differences in engagement in group-based physical activity for people with dementia and their unpaid carers. A systematic review from inception until 1 August 2024 resulted in the inclusion of 15 studies. The review found that slightly more males than females with dementia attended the group physical activity sessions, with most carers attending being female. Further research is required to inform interventions to promote physical activity in male and female unpaid carers for people living with dementia.No description supplied</p
Clinical implication of anemia in older patients with Dementia with Lewy Bodies
No full textAim: This research sought to investigate the possible connection between anemia and various parameters of comprehensive geriatric assessment in elderly individuals diagnosed with Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB). To our knowledge, this investigation represents the first attempt to examine how anemia impacts patients suffering from DLB. Methods: This cross-sectional study encompassed 147 DLB patients from a single geriatric outpatient clinic. The study defined anemia as hemoglobin levels under 12 g/dL for women and 13 g/dL for men. Patients’ demographic information, coexisting medical conditions, and results from comprehensive geriatric evaluations were also recorded. Results: Participants in the study had an average age of 85.4±7.1 years. Anemia was present in 46.9% of the patients. Significant disparities were noted between individuals with and without anemia regarding the occurrence of congestive heart failure (CHF), polypharmacy, geriatric depression, and insomnia (all pConclusion: In the present study almost one in two older patients with DLB were anemic. Anemia is associated with presence of CHF, higher number of drugs and depressive mood in DLB. It is recommended that healthcare providers should recognize the importance of anemia and its associated effects when treating older adults with DLB. This approach may lead to more effective management and treatment of this complex condition.</p
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