Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia
Not a member yet
412 research outputs found
Sort by
Pengendalian Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang Lada dengan Ekstrak Pinang, Gambir, Sirih, dan Kapur Sirih
Get PDFPepper is an important commodity in Indonesia due to its export value. Infection of Phytophthora capsici causing stem rot disease is very critical for the production of pepper plants. Research was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of extracts of areca, gambir, betle, and lime paste for controlling stem rot disease. In vitro and in vivo experiments was designed to evaluate 2 factors, i.e. type and concentration of extracts. In vitro experiment was conducted by growing 4 day old and 5 mm in diameter of P. capsici isolate on V8 media containing the extracts tested. In vivo experiment was done by dipping pepper leaves on the extracts, followed by dropping zoospores of P. capsici on underneath of leaf surface. Mixture of 4 extracts (areca + gambir + betel + lime paste) of 0.005% and 0.01%; and areca extract of 0.04% was able to inhibit the growth of P. capsici colonies effectively in vitro. Similarly, mixture of 4 extracts of 0.01% effectively suppressed disease severity in vivo with equal effect with those of propineb fungicide of 0.2%
Penyakit Kerupuk Tembakau di Sumatera Barat
Get PDFTobacco leaf curl disease (“kerupuk”) is a new disease on tobacco in West Sumatra. This disease has spread throughout the tobacco planting area in District Limapuluh Kota with intensity of 2.5–26.3%. DNA fragment of 1600 bp was successfully amplified using polymerase chain reaction method with primer pairs for Begomovirus PAL1v 1978/PAR1c 715 from tobacco leaves showing symptoms. This result indicated Begomovirus infection. Sequence analysis based on NCBI BLAST program showed that Begomovirus infecting tobacco in West Sumatera has the highest homology of 89% and 91–97% with Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia Virus infecting tomato and chili pepper in West Sumatera, respectively. This is considered as the first report of Begomovirus infection on tobacco in West Sumatra
Infeksi Cucumber mosaic virus dan Chilli veinal mottle virus pada Cabai di Kabupaten Rejang Lebong, Bengkulu
Get PDFMosaic disease caused by Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Chilli veinal mottle Virus (ChiVMV) has been distributed widely in chilli in Indonesia and considered as important disease. A research was conducted to investigate the spread and incidence of CMV and ChiVMV in Rejang Lebong, Bengkulu and to identify its insect vector. Symptomatic and asymptomatic leaf samples were collected systematically from several chillipepper fields for further detection by DAS-ELISA (Double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbant assay) using specific antibody for CMV and ChiVMV. The result showed that infection of both CMV and ChiVMV was found with disease incidence reached 20-50%, whereas infection only by ChiVMV or CMV were 50-80% and 20-50%, respectively. One species of aphid, i.e. Aphis gossypii was found from the fields.Key words: Aphis gossypii, CMV, ChiVMV, disease incidenc
Penggunaan Bakteri Kitinolitik sebagai Agens Biokontrol Penyakit Busuk Batang oleh Rhizoctonia solani pada Tanaman Kedelai (Utilization of Chitinolitic Bacteria as Biocontrol Agent of Stem Rot Disease by Rhizoctonia solani on Soybean)
Get PDFBiological control of stem rot disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani on soybean using chitinolitic bacteria is one of the environmentally friendly control methods of pathogen. The study was conducted to select chitinolitic bacteria and to test their ability to suppress stem rot disease and promote plant growth of soybean. A total of ten chitinolitic bacteria were tested in vitro, and five of isolates i.e: ST21e, SS12b, ST17c, ST27d, and ST26c found to have more than 30% suppression toward R. solani. In planta test under green house condition at six weeks after planting showed that soybean plants inoculated with ST27d and ST17c isolates had significantly lower disease incidence and had increased plant height and leaf number. Both of chitinolitic bacteria isolates are promising as biocontrol agents of stem rot disease caused by R. solani of soybean.Key words: biological control, chitinolitic bacteria, Rhizoctonia solan
Penularan Potyvirus Penyebab Penyakit Mosaik pada Tanaman Nilam melalui Vektor Aphis gossypii
Get PDFPatchouli (Pogostemon cablin) is an economically important plant due to its capability to produce essential oil, i.e. patchouli oil. Pest and diseases may contribute to low production of patchouli oil in Indonesia. Aphids are commonly found associated with patchouli plants showing mosaic symptoms, indicated possible relationship between aphids and mosaic virus. Early diagnosis showed that mosaic disease on patchouli is caused by Potyvirus infection. A study was conducted to identify those aphid species and to examine relationship between the aphid species and mosaic virus. Two aphid species commonly found in patchouli plants in Indonesia are Aphis gossypii and Brachycaudus sp. Further study on the ability of A. gossypii to transmit Potyvirus revealed the possible non-persistent relationship, with 25 min optimum pre-acquisition starvation, 15 min acquisition period and 4 hours optimum inoculation feeding period, respectively.Key words: Aphis gossypii, Brachycaudus, nilam, Pogostemon cablin, Potyviru
Ketahanan Lapangan Padi Gogo terhadap Infeksi Curvularia oryzae
Get PDFSoutheast Sulawesi is known to have a wide varieties of local cultivars of upland rice. Unfortunately, resistance of those local cultivars of upland rice to Curvularia oryzae, one of the most important pathogen in upland rice cultivation, has not been reported. Resistance evaluation conducted in the field showed that local cultivars (Pae Kori, Pae Endokadia, and Pae Enggalaru) have high level of resistance, developing lines B10580E and B11580E have moderate resistance, whereas B11577E and TB368B lines were susceptible to C. oryzae infection.Key words: Curvularia oryzae, disease resistance, upland ric
Penyakit Keriting Daun Pepaya yang Disebabkan oleh Cladosporium cladosporioides
Get PDFLeaf curling and chlorotic spot on young leaves of papaya type California was observed in Bogor, Kebumen, and Bekasi. Conidium of Cladosporium cladosporioides was found associated with diseased tissue based on microscopic examination. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. cladosporioides causing papaya leaf curling in Indonesia. Key words: chlorotic, leaf curl disease, papaya disease, sca
Penapisan Bakteri Endofit Akar Kedelai Secara in Planta untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Pustul Bakteri
Get PDFEndophytic bacteria reside within plant hosts without causing disease symptoms. Bacterial endophytes promote plant growth and yield, suppress pathogens, may help to remove contaminants, solubilize phosphate, or contribute assimilable nitrogen to plants. The aim of this study were to obtain indigenous endophytic bacterial isolates, which have the ability to control bacterial pustule cause by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines and to increase growth and yield of soybean. The bacterial endophyte isolates were introduced as seed treatment (108 cfu/ml) and soil drench on 3 weeks old soybean seedling. Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines were inoculated on one month old of soybean by pricking leaf methodes. The effect of bacterial endophyte on disease incidence, disease severity, plant growth and yield of soybean were evaluated. We have found two selected bacterial endophyte isolates from soybean’s rhizosphere (St4E1.1 and St1E1.1.), with the ability to control bacterial pustule and to increase growth and yield of soybean.Key words: bacterial endophyte, bacterial pustule, in planta technique, soybea
Etil Format sebagai Perlakuan Alternatif terhadap Colletotrichum gloeosporioides pada Stroberi
Get PDFEthyl formate (EtF) is alternative fumigant to substitute methyl bromide. The objective of the current study was to obtain an effective dose and exposure time of Etf treatment against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in strawberry. In vitro test was conducted on colonies of C. gloeosporioides grew on PDA in petri dishes. The fungus was fumigated with Etf at various dose (0, 140, 190, 240, and 290 g m-3) and at various exposure time (1, 2, 3, and 4 hours), in 5 L plastic bags. On in vivo test, agar plugs of C. gloeosporioides (diameter 0,3 mm) were inoculated on to wounded strawberries, and the inoculated strawberries were then fumigated with Etf at similar dose and exposure time treatments. Each test was conducted in four replicates. Fumigation with Etf at 190 g m-3 significantly reduced the growth of C. gloeosporioides on agar, but did not reduce the colonization of the pathogen on strawberries. Ethyl formate did not affect visual quality of strawberries, but damaged the calyx at 190 g m-3. Other fungi, namely Colletotrichum sp. and Botrytis sp., were found on fumigated and nonfumigated strawberries. Key words: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, ethyl formate, strawberries
Preparasi RNA Virus Mosaik Bergaris dari Tanaman Tebu Menggunakan Metode Tabung PCR
Get PDFSugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV) is a new emerging virus infecting sugarcane in Indonesia. The virus can be found almost in every sugarcane plantations in Java and it was known as sett-borne virus. Attempt to get virus-free seedling meet difficulties due to lacking an easy, and accurate detection method. SCSMV antiserum is not available yet commercially. Nucleic acid detection by RT-PCR also hampered difficulties in releasing RNA virus from sugarcane tissues. Here we reported the simple direct tube method with minor modification as the convenient way to provide total RNA template from infected sugarcane leaf, stalk and sheath for RT-PCR detection of SCSMV.Key words: RNA extraction, RT-PCR, SCSMV, tube PC