Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia
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Kloning Gen Transcriptional Activator Protein dan Replication-Associated Protein dari Squash leaf curl China virus Penyebab Penyakit Daun Kuning pada Tanaman Mentimun
Get PDFYellow disease on Cucurbitaceae caused by Squash leaf curl China virus (SLCCNV; Begomovirus) is an important disease in many countries. Typical yellow leaf curl symptoms was found on cucumber in Tabanan, Bali. The objective of this research is to clone Transcriptional Activator Protein (TrAp) and Replication-Associated Protein (Rep) of SLCCNV Indonesian isolate. Universal primer for Begomovirus, i.e. SPG1/SPG2 was used to amplify DNA fragment of Begomovirus which cover the TrAp and Rep gene. The amplicon of ± 912 bp in size was then cloned into pTZ57R/T plasmid vector by TA-cloning method to obtain plasmid recombinant pTZ-SLCCNV. The plasmid recombinant was successfully confirmed by PCR colony and DNA sequencing. The nucleotide sequences analysis of plasmid recombinant showed highest homology (98%) of the corresponding gene to pumpkin isolate of SLCCNV from Malaysia
Cover Jurnal Fitopatologi Vol. 14 No. 1, Januari 2018
No full textDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14692/jfi.14.1.
Sebaran Nematoda Sista Kentang di Wonosobo dan Banjarnegara, Jawa Tengah
Get PDFDistribution of Potato Cyst Nematode in Wonosobo and Banjarnegara, Central JavaPotato cyst nematode (PCN), Globodera spp., is the primary pathogens that infect potato plants and has been distributed world wide. This study aimed to determine the geographic distribution and species of PCN that infect potato plants in Wonosobo and Banjarnegara, Central Java through a survey, morphological and molecular approaches. Morphological characters were observed among cyst (fenestra diameter, distance from anus to the fenestra, and the Graneks ratio, eggs (length and width of eggs), and the juvenile stage 2 (J2) (length and width of the body, the length and width of the head, the length of the stylet, knob type, as well as the length of the tail). While the molecular identification by polymerase chain reaction is based on the amplification of the internal area transcribed spacers using G. rostochiensis PITSr3 specific primer, G. pallida PITSp4 specific primer and universal nematode primer ITS5. Twelve isolates of PCN, i.e. 5 isolates from Wonosobo and 7 isolates from Banjarnegara were used in this study. The results showed that all isolates were identified as single species, G. rostochiensis.
Cover Jurnal Fitopatologi Vol. 14 No. 4, Mei 2018
No full textDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14692/jfi.14.4.i
Distribusi Nematoda Pucuk Putih Padi Aphelenchoides besseyi di Pulau Jawa
Get PDFDistribution of Rice White Tip Nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi in Java Island Aphelenchoides besseyi is one of the most important rice seed borne nematode causing white tip disease in Indonesia. The status of A. besseyi is considered as quarantine pest category A2, with limited distribution area in Java, Sumatera, and South Kalimantan). The aim of this research was to detect and identify A. besseyi from rice seed based on morphological, morphometry and molecular approaches and to determine its distribution in rice growing areas in Java. Rice seed samples, consisting of 26 varieties, were obtained from seed producers, seed distributors, and farmers in Java. Nematode extraction was done using Baermann method. Molecular identification was carried out by polymerase chain reaction and followed by DNA sequencing and nucleotide analysis. A. besseyi was detected from 74.32% of seed samples. A. besseyi was confirmed to be distributed in Lebak, Bogor, Sukabumi, Subang, Indramayu, Klaten, Sragen, Sukoharjo, Boyolali, Pati, Pemalang, Yogyakarta Sleman, Magetan, Blitar, Tuban, Gresik, Nganjuk, and Banyuwangi. Further nucleotide analysis showed that A. besseyi isolates from rice seed cv Ciherang (Yogyakarta) and cv IR 64 (Banyuwangi) have 99% homology to those from India, China, USA; and 98% homology to those from Taiwan
Penyakit Layu Bakteri Stewart pada Jagung di Bali
Get PDFStewart’s wilt is a serious disease of sweet corn (Zea mays). The typical symptoms of the disease are pale-green to yellow linear streaks parallel to the veins. The symptoms were observed on sweet corn in Denpasar, Tabanan, Gianyar, and Karangasem areas during a survey in 2015. Pathogen detection based on a polymerase chain reaction was carried out using total DNA obtained from symptomatic leaf samples and the pairs of primers, CPSL1/CPSR2c. The expected sized (~1100 bp) amplicon was detected in samples from Denpasar. Sequence analysis confirmed that Stewart’s wilt disease symptoms are caused by Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii. Nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed that P. stewartii subsp. stewartii from Bali has high homology (98.97-99.08 %) and placed in the same clade with isolates from Canada, USA and Japan. This is the first report of P. stewarti subsp. stewartii on corn in Bali
Cover Jurnal Fitopatologi Vol. 14 No. 3, Mei 2018
No full textDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14692/jfi.14.3.
Deteksi dan Identifikasi Fitoplasma yang Berasosiasi dengan Penyakit Layu Kelapa Di Pulau Derawan, Kalimantan Timur
Get PDFCoconut is a major commodity in Derawan island as source of additional income for the farmers. Research was conducted to detect and identify phytoplasmas associated with coconut wilt disease in Derawan island. Coconut wilt disease was indicated by the typical symptoms, i.e. leaf yellowing, shorten of coconut sheaths and leaves, necrosis and collapse of old leaves, and also nut fall. The presence of phytoplasmas in phloem tissues of coconut stem was observed using fluorescence and electron microscope. Identification of phytoplasmas was carried out by nested-PCR and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. DNA fragment of phytoplasma with the size of 1.25 kbp was successfully amplified using primer pairs P1/P7, followed by primer pairs R16F2n/R16R2. Sequence analysis of the amplified fragments showed that phytoplasma associated with coconut wilt disease in Derawan island belongs to 16SrII (witches broom phytoplasma) and 16SrXI (ca. Phytoplasma oryzae) groups
Sensitivitas Colletotrichum spp. pada Cabai terhadap Benomil, Klorotalonil, Mankozeb, dan Propineb
Get PDFAnthracnose caused by several species of Colletotrichum is one of limiting factors for chilli production. Up to now the control of antrachnose disease still rely on regular and intensive application of synthetic fungicides. Application of similar active ingredients of synthetic fungicides may create resistance of the pathogens. This study was conducted to evaluate the sensitivity of three species of Colletotrichum against four commercial fungicides with different active ingredients, i.e. benomyl, chlorotalonil, mancozeb, and propineb. The sensitivity level and the potential occurrence of resistance of Colletotrichum were observed based on relative inhibition rate using poisoning food method. The results showed that all isolates were highly resistant to chlorotalonil, even up to ten times of the highest recommended concentrations. The tested fungal isolates were resistant or highly resistant to the recommended concentrations of mancozeb and propineb, but they were still sensitive when the concentrations were increased up to five times. Isolates of Colletotrichum spp. showed sensitive to highly sensitive response to benomyl.
Keefektifan Perlakuan Fisik dan Minyak Atsiri untuk Mengeliminasi Bakteri Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis pada Benih Tomat
Get PDFClavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis is the causal agent of bacterial canker disease of tomato. The bacteria is seed borne and may cause yield loss up to 70%. Seed treatment is an alternative method for controlling bacterial canker. The objective of the research was to study the effectiveness of physical and essential oil treatment for elimination of C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis from tomato seed. Research was conducted in 4 separate experiments, i.e. (1) screening essential oils to control C. michiganensis subsp. Michiganensis; (2) to determine the treatment window of physical and essential oil treatment; (3) to determine the physical and essential oil treatment on tomato seed infested by C. michiganensis subsp. Michiganensis; and (4) to determine the effectiveness of treatment combination of physical and essential oil. The results showed that betel oil at concentration of 8% had the greatest inhibitory level (approximately 27.33 mm). Hot water treatment (53 °C) for 25 minutes reduced 90.94% of C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis population; whereas dry heat treatment (60 °C, 24 hours) and betel oil treatment at 0.25% concentration reduced C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis population (85.13 and 99.82% respectively). The combination of betel oil (0.5%), hot water (55 °C), and dry heat treatments (60 °C) was the most effective control method, because it reduced 99.99% of C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis population and maintained the germination level of seed up to 100%. This combination might be recommended for seed treatment to eliminate C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis