Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia
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Patogenisitas Fusarium oxysporum Endofit asal Gulma dari Pertanaman Pisang terhadap Bibit Pisang Raja Bulu
Get PDFPathogenicity of Endophytic Fusarium oxysporum Isolated from Weeds in Banana Plantations against Bananas Seedlings var. Raja Bulu
Fusarium oxysporum is known as the causal agent of wilt disease and caused severe damages in banana plantations around the world. It was reported earlier that weeds grown around banana plants harboroud F. oxysporum as endophyte. These endophytes may become source of disease inoculum for banana plants. Research was carried out to isolate and identify endophytic F. oxysporum from weed’s roots around banana plants in Bogor, West Java and further determine its pathogenicity. Observation on morphological characteristic involved colony, conidia and chlamydospores. Pathogenicity test of endophyte isolates in the laboratory was conducted using plantlets of banana var. Raja Bulu. F. oxysporum was successfully isolated from 9 weed species that grew around banana plants. All isolates showed morphological characteristics of F. oxysporum, i.e. purple colonies, three septate canoe macroconidia, cylindrical and kidney microconidia and often reveal chlamydospores singly. All of the isolates were pathogenic on var. Raja Bulu causing 100 % disease incidence and severity of 58.33 to 77.78 % and 50.00 to 69.44 % of leaf wilting and corm necrosis, respectively.Fusarium oxysporum merupakan penyebab penyakit layu dan banyak mematikan tanaman pisang. Cendawan ini diketahui mampu hidup dan bertahan sebagai endofit pada gulma dan menjadi sumber inokulum yang nantinya menyebabkan penyakit pada tanaman pisang. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengisolasi F. oxysporum dari akar gulma yang tumbuh di sekitar pertanaman pisang di Bogor, Jawa Barat, kemudian menguji sifat patogenisitasnya. Identifikasi morfologi dilakukan dengan mengamati koloni, konidium, dan klamidosporanya. Uji patogenisitas isolat endofit dilakukan di laboratorium menggunakan bibit pisang var. Raja Bulu. Sebanyak 9 isolat F. oxysporum berhasil diisolasi dari gulma yang tumbuh di sekitar pertanaman pisang. Semua isolat menunjukkan ciri morfologi sebagai F. oxysporum, yaitu koloni berwarna ungu, makrokonidium berbentuk kano dengan tiga sekat false head pendek, mikrokonidium berbentuk silindris atau ginjal, dan klamidospora umumnya tersusun tunggal. Semua isolat menyebabkan insidensi penyakit sebesar 100% pada bibit pisang var. Raja Bulu dengan keparahan gejala layu pada daun antara 58.33% sampai 77.78% dan nekrosis pada bonggolnya antara 50.00% sampai 69.44%
Cultural Practices Triggering the Development of Citrus Stem Rot in District of Bangli
Get PDFKabupaten Bangli, Bali merupakan salah satu sentra produksi jeruk di Indonesia. Kendala pada produksi jeruk di antaranya ialah penyakit busuk pangkal batang yang disebabkan oleh Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Tujuan penelitian ini menentukan faktor budi daya, letak geografis, dan curah hujan yang berkaitan dengan penyakit ini. Pengamatan kondisi penyakit dan wawancara mengenai teknik budi daya ditanyakan kepada 50 petani pemilik. Keterkaitan antara teknik budi daya dan keparahan penyakit dianalisa dari data korespondensi yang dipetakan dengan grafik biplot dan analisis kontingensi dengan uji khi kuadrat. Berdasarkan pada analisis korespondensi dan kontingensi terdapat 4 faktor cara budi daya dan 1 faktor tanaman yang berkaitan nyata terhadap keparahan busuk batang jeruk. Faktor tersebut ialah frekuensi penyiangan secara mekanis, umur tanaman, populasi tanaman per hektar, aplikasi herbisida, dan dosis pupuk nitrogen.Cultural Practices Triggering the Development of Citrus Stem Rot in District of Bangli
Bangli-Province of Bali is one of central areas of citrus production in Indonesia. Stem rot disease caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae is one of the important constraints that can reduce the production of citrus in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine the factors contribute to citrus stem rot disease development in Bangli District-Province of Bali. Observation of the disease condition and in-depht interview related with citrus cultural practices undertaken by farmers was conducted on 50 plots. To determine the association between cultural practices and disease severity was performed by using correspondence and contingency (chi square) analysis. In this study, we determined 4 factors of cultural practices and 1 plant factor that were related and have a significant effect on the severity of citrus stem rot. These factors were the frequency of mechanical weeding, plant population per hectare, herbicide application, dosage of nitrogen fertilizer, and plant age
Keefektifan Bakteri Asal Lahan Gambut sebagai Agens Pengendalian Penyakit Kresek dan Pupuk Hayati pada Tanaman Padi
No full textPenggunaan mikrob untuk pengendalian penyakit dan pupuk hayati telah dikembangkan sebagai alternatif bagi pengembangan pertanian ramah lingkungan. Upaya mendapatkan mikrob tersebut terus dilakukan dengan eksplorasi mikrob dari berbagai tipe habitat ekologi untuk mendapatkan yang diinginkan. Lahan gambut diduga mengandung banyak jenis mikrob khususnya bakteri yang berpotensi sebagai agens antagonis sekaligus pupuk hayati yang bermanfaat bagi tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan galur bakteri yang berpotensi mengendalikan penyakit kresek atau hawar daun bakteri yang disebabkan oleh Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae sekaligus sebagai pupuk hayati. Tahapan penelitian mencakup pengambilan sampel, isolasi bakteri asal lahan gambut serta uji potensinya sebagai agens hayati terhadap X. oryzae pv. oryzae, uji keamanan hayati, karakterisasi galur potensial, uji keefektifan bakteri sebagai agens antagonis sekaligus pupuk hayati in planta. Bakteri yang diisolasi dari tanah hutan gambut dan sawah bekas lahan gambut ialah sebanyak 134 isolat bakteri dan 40 di antaranya memiliki karakteristik morfologi yang berbeda. Sebanyak 14 galur bakteri asal tanah gambut mampu menekan perkembangan X. oryzae pv. oryzae. Karakterisasi 14 galur bakteri terhadap uji hypersensitive response, hemolisis agar-agar darah, kemampuan menambat nitrogen, siderofor yang dihasilkan, pelarut fosfat serta degradasi selulosa menghasilkan empat galur bakteri potensial. Keempat galur ini tidak berpotensi sebagai patogen terhadap tanaman maupun mamalia serta memiliki karakter sebagai pupuk hayati. Uji in planta empat galur bakteri ini menunjukkan bahwa bakteri tersebut mampu menekan keparahan penyakit hawar daun pada padi serta meningkatkan pertumbuhan padi pada fase vegetatif.Effectiveness of Bacterial from Peatlands as Biological Control Agents of Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease and Bio-Fertilizer in Rice
The use of microbes for disease control and biological fertilizers has been developed as an alternative to the development of environmentally friendly agriculture. Exploration of microbes from various types of ecological habitats is continuously being carried out to obtain the potential microbes. Peatlands are thought to contain many types of microbes, especially bacteria that may play a role as antagonistic agents as well as biological fertilizers that are beneficial to plants. This study aimed to obtain bacterial strains that have the potential to control bacterial leaf blight (BLB) diseases on rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae as well as biological fertilizer. Research methodologies included sampling, isolating bacteria from peatlands and testing their potential as biological agents against X. oryzae pv. oryzae, biosafety tests, characterization of potential strains, test of the effectiveness of bacteria as antagonistic agents as well as biological fertilizers in planta. As many as 134 bacteria isolates were isolated from peat forest soil and former paddy fields and 40 of them showed different morphological characteristics. A total of 14 bacterial strains from peat soil were able to suppress the development of X. oryzae pv. oryzae. Characterization of 14 bacterial strains against the hypersensitive response (HR) test, blood agar hemolysis, nitrogen fixing ability, the resulting siderophore, phosphate solvent and cellulose degradation resulted in four potential bacterial strains. They have no potential as a pathogen for plants or mammals and have the character of a biological fertilizer. The in planta test of these four bacterial strains showed that these bacteria were able to reduce the severity of BLB disease in rice and increase rice growth in the vegetative phase
Hubungan Insidensi Penyakit Hawar Pelepah dengan Keparahan Penyakit dan Hasil Produksi Padi
Get PDFProduksi padi dapat mengalami penurunan akibat gangguan oleh penyakit hawar pelepah yang disebabkan oleh Rhizoctonia solani. Penelitian bertujuan memperkirakan penurunan hasil padi akibat penyakit hawar pelepah berdasarkan keparahan penyakit yang terjadi pada stadium masak susu. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kawat dan lahan percobaan Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi pada musim hujan 2019/2020. Penelitian di rumah kawat menggunakan tiga varietas padi yaitu “Ciherang”, “Inpari 32 HDB”, dan “Baroma”; sedangkan penelitian di lahan percobaan menggunakan “Ciherang”. Inokulasi R. solani dilakukan pada tanaman padi stadium anakan maksimum dengan menyisipkan tanaman terinfeksi sebagai sumber inokulum penyakit diantara rumpun padi pada tingkat insidensi antara 5%–50%. Tingkat keparahan penyakit pada tanaman di rumah kawat dan lahan percobaan terus berkembang selama periode pengamatan dan mencapai berturut-turut 60.09% dan 70.56%. Lebih lanjut, keparahan penyakit yang tinggi menyebabkan penurunan hasil yang tinggi pula. Pengetahuan tentang hubungan insidensi dan keparahan penyakit bermanfaat dalam menentukan prediksi hasil sehingga pengendalian penyakit dapat dilakukan sedini mungkin untuk menghindari kehilangan hasil yang tinggi.The Relationship between Sheath Blight Disease Incidence, Disease Severity, and Rice Yield
Sheath blight disease on rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani may interfere crop production. This study aimed to estimate yield loss of rice due to sheath blight disease based on disease severity at harvest period. The experiment was carried out at the screenhouse and experimental field of the Indonesian Center for Rice Research in the 2019/2020 rainy season. Three rice varieties, “Ciherang”, “Inpari 32 HDB”, and “Baroma” were involved in screenhouse experiment; while in the experimental field only involved “Ciherang”. Inoculation of R. solani was done by placing infected plants as source of inoculum in the plants’ rows with disease incidence rate of 5%–50%. Disease severity on the plants in the screenhouse and experimental field continued to increase during the observation period and reached 60.09% and 70.56%, respectively. Furthermore, high disease severity leads to high yield losses. Knowledge of the relationship between disease incidence and severity is useful to predict yield losses so that disease control can be carried out as early as possible to avoid high yield losses
Potensi Beberapa Isolat Bakteri Endofit untuk Pengendalian Biologi Meloidogyne graminicola pada Tanaman Padi
Get PDFMeloidogyne graminicola merupakan salah satu nematoda parasit penting pada tanaman padi. M. graminicola menyebabkan gejala puru pada akar sehingga pertumbuhan tanaman terhambat dan terganggu. Pengendalian M. graminicola sangat penting dilakukan agar kerusakan pada tanaman padi dan penyebarannya dapat ditekan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji potensi bakteri endofit dalam mengendalikan nematoda puru akar (NPA) M. graminicola pada tanaman padi. Empat isolat bakteri endofit asal tanaman padi, yaitu isolat Si33, Si2, Sp24, GH1, dan satu isolat asal tanaman kentang G053 diuji untuk melihat pengaruhnya terhadap mortalitas M. gramincola secara in vitro dan kemampuannya dalam menekan serangan M. graminicola pada tanaman padi di rumah kaca. Hasil uji kultur filtrat bakteri endofit secara in vitro terbukti efektif meningkatkan kematian juvenil 2 M. graminicola sebesar 99.5% hingga 100%. Isolat bakteri endofit juga mampu menekan jumlah puru akar pada tanaman padi dengan kisaran 42.2%–49.3% pada percobaan di rumah kaca. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa isolat bakteri endofit yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mempunyai potensi yang baik sebagai agens biokontrol untuk mengendalikan M. graminicola pada tanaman padi.Potency of Endophytic Bacterial Isolates for the Biological Control of Meloidogyne graminicola on rice
Meloidogyne graminicola is one of the important plant parasitic nematodes on rice plant. Control of M. graminicola on rice is very important to be done so that damage on rice and their distribution can be reduced. Endophytic bacteria for the biological control of plant parasitic nematodes have been known effectively on several crops. The objective of this research was to study the potency of endophytic bacteria in controlling root knot nematodes M. graminicola on rice. Four isolates of endophytic bacteria isolated from rice plant, namely Si 33, Si2, Sp24, GH1, and G053 isolated from potato plant were tested to evaluate their effectiveness to M. graminicola on rice plants. Culture filtrate of endophytic bacteria are able to increase the mortality of second stage juveniles of M. graminicola from 99.5% up to 100% under in vitro test. Endophytic bacteria isolates are also able to reduce the numbers of root gall from 42.3%–49.3% on rice plants under greenhouse experiments. Results of this study indicated that all isolates of endophytic bacteria that are used in this experiment have potential as biocontrol agents for controlling M. graminicola on rice
Evaluasi Pestisida Nabati dengan Ekstrak Mimba (Azadirachta sp.) untuk Pengendalian Pertumbuhan Antraknosa pada Buah Cabai
Get PDFCabai merupakan salah satu produk hortikultura yang banyak dikonsumsi di Indonesia. Antraknosa merupakan salah satu penyakit utama dalam budi daya cabai. Kehilangan hasil akibat antraknosa mencapai 35%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efektivitas pestisida nabati dengan bahan utama ekstrak mimba dalam mengendalikan antraknosa pada cabai. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi, LIPI. Pengujian in vitro dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial yang diulang 4 kali dengan faktor pertama ialah cendawan Colletotrichum acutatum dan Colletotrichum gloeosporioides; faktor kedua ialah pestisida nabati dengan bahan aktif mimba (Agr I dan Agr II); serta faktor ketiga berupa 6 taraf perlakuan konsentrasi pestisida (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%. 3%, 4%, dan 5%). Pada pengujian in vivo dilakukan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dengan 4 ulangan. Faktor pertama ialah cabai besar dan cabai keriting; faktor kedua ialah C. acutatum dan C. gloeosporioides; dan faktor ketiga ialah 4 taraf konsentrasi pestisida Agr I (0%, 5%, 10, dan 15%). Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diketahui bahwa pestisida nabati Agr I dan Agr II dapat menghambat pertumbuhan cendawan secara in vitro dan Agr I lebih potensial untuk mengendalikan Colletotrichum spp. Namun pestisida nabati Agr I tidak mampu mengendalikan patogen yang telah berada di dalam jaringan tanaman.Evaluation of Plant-based Pesticide Containing Neem Extract (Azadirachta sp.) to Control Anthracnose Growth in Chili Fruits
Chili pepper is one of the important horticultural commodities in Indonesia. Anthracnose is one of the major diseases causing yield losses up to 35% of the total production. This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of plant-based pesticides containing neem extract for controlling anthracnose growth in chili fruits. The research was conducted at the Research Center for Biotechnology, LIPI, from March until August 2019. Assays of in vitro and in vivo were arranged in a factorial randomized block design with four replications of each treatment. In vitro assay was performed by observing the growth of Colletotrichum acutatum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in culture media supplemented each with two pesticide formulations (Agr I and Agr II) in six concentrations of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%. 3%, 4%, and 5%. In vivo assays were conducted by injecting spores of C. acutatum and C. gloeosporioides into fresh fruits of long-large-fruited chilies and long-curly-fruited chilies treated with Agr I at concentrations 0%, 5%, 10, and 15%. Results of in vitro assay showed that both Agr I and Agr II could inhibit both Colletotrichum growth and Agr I inhibited both fungal growth higher than Agr II. However, results of in vivo tests showed that Agr I could not inhibit both Colletotrichum in all chili fruits.  
Metode Single Image-NDVI untuk Deteksi Dini Gejala Mosaik pada Capsicum annuum
Get PDFMosaik adalah gejala penyakit yang sering ditemukan pada tanaman cabai merah (Capsicum annuum) dan umumnya disebabkan oleh infeksi virus seperti Tobacco mosaic virus. Infeksi yang berat bahkan dapat mengakibatkan tanaman menjadi kerdil dan mengalami kehilangan hasil yang nyata. Metode serologi dan molekuler sudah banyak digunakan untuk mendeteksi virus tetapi pengerjaannya cukup menyita waktu, relatif kurang efisien untuk sampel yang banyak, dan bersifat destruktif pada tanaman. Di sisi lain, pengamatan gejala secara langsung terkendala oleh kemampuan visual manusia dan gejala laten pada tahap awal infeksi. Oleh karena itu, metode deteksi berdasarkan kemampuan tanaman menyerap dan merefleksikan berbagai spektrum cahaya matahari, seperti normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) berpotensi untuk dikembangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi single image-NDVI sebagai varian NDVI untuk pengembangan deteksi dini gejala mosaik pada cabai merah. Tahapan utama penelitian ialah perekaman citra tanaman cabai merah yang tidak diinokulasi virus (V0), diinokulasi (V1), dan minim hara (M) menggunakan kamera RGB tanpa modifikasi dan filter lensa untuk menangkap reflektansi cahaya biru dan Near-Infrared. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengolahan citra menggunakan plugin Photo Monitoring pada aplikasi Fiji-ImageJ. Perekaman dilakukan mulai 1 hari setelah inokulasi (HSI) sampai gejala terlihat kasat mata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi tendensi peningkatan nilai NDVI terintegrasi pada semua perlakuan. Namun, tendensi peningkatan pada V1 tidak nyata dibandingkan dengan V0 dan M. Selisih rata-rata nilai NDVI terintegrasi antara V1 terlihat sangat nyata dibandingkan dengan V0 (pada 5 HSI) dan M (pada 1 HSI). Tingkat sensitivitas, spesifisitas, dan akurasi metode ini berkisar antara 80–90 % pada 5 HSI.Single Image-NDVI Method for Early Detection of Mosaic Symptoms in Capsicum annuum
Mosaics are a symptom of a disease often found in red chilies (Capsicum annuum) and is generally caused by viral infections such as the Tobacco mosaic virus. Severe infection can cause stunting and significant yield loss. Serological and molecular detection is a common detection method for plant viruses although they are time-consuming, relatively inefficient for large samples, and are destructive to plants. On the other hand, direct symptoms observation is hampered by human visual abilities and latent symptoms in virus infection. Therefore, detection method based on the plant’s ability to absorb and reflect various spectrums of sunlight, such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), has the potential to be developed. This study aims to evaluate the potential of a single image-NDVI as an NDVI variant for the early detection of mosaic symptoms in red chilies. The main activity involved image recording of chili plants that were not inoculated (V0) and inoculated (V1) by the virus, and given minimal nutrients (M) using an unmodified RGB camera and lens filter to capture blue and Near-Infrared light reflection. Furthermore, image processing is carried out using the Photo Monitoring plugin on the Fiji-ImageJ application. The recording was done one day after inoculation (dai) until the symptoms were visible. The results showed that there was an increasing trend in the integrated NDVI value in all treatments. Howewer, the increasing trend in V1 was not significant compared to V0 and M. The difference in the mean value of integrated NDVI between V1 was very significant compared to V0 (at 5 dai) and M (at 1 dai). This method’s level of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy ranges from 80–90% at 5 dai
Resistance of Rice Varieties and Accessions to Dwarf Viruses
Get PDFIdentifikasi ketahanan plasma nutfah padi terhadap virus kerdil bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai varietas dan aksesi yang tahan terhadap virus kerdil padi, yaitu Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) dan Rice grassy stunt virus (RGSV). Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Kaca Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi pada MT1/MT2 tahun 2018. Materi genetik yang diuji yaitu 19 varietas padi yang sudah dilepas dan 50 aksesi plasma nutfah padi koleksi Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi Badan Litbang Pertanian-Kementerian Pertanian. Pengamatan mengikuti metode skoring SES IRRI 2014. Respons tanaman uji terhadap RRSV dapat dikelompokkan menjadi rentan (1 varietas dan 22 aksesi), agak tahan (18 varietas dan 22 aksesi), dan tahan {2 aksesi, yaitu MDK Karawang (800 butir/Malai) (10597), dan Pulo Hitam (10615}. Respons tanaman uji terhadap RGSV dapat dikelompokkan menjadi rentan (16 varietas dan 34 aksesi), agak tahan (3 varietas dan 11 aksesi), dan tahan (1 aksesi, yaitu Ketik 1-1062). Lebih lanjut, aksesi padi yang tahan terhadap RRSV dan/atau RGSV dapat digunakan sebagai tetua dalam perakitan varietas yang tahan terhadap virus kerdil.Resistance of Rice Varieties and Accessions to Dwarf Viruses
Resistance identification of rice germplasm was conducted to obtain information on resistant response of varieties and accessions to rice dwarf virus, i.e. Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) and Rice grassy stunt virus (RGSV). The research was carried out at the greenhouse of the Indonesian Center for Rice Research in MT1/MT2 in 2018. The genetic material tested involved 19 rice varieties that had been released and 50 rice accessions from germplasm collection of the Indonesian Center for Rice Research, IAARD, Ministry of Agriculture. Disease observations followed the 2014 IRRI SES scoring method. Response of the test plants to RRSV could be grouped into susceptible (1 variety and 22 accessions), moderately resistant (18 varieties and 22 accessions), and resistant {2 accessions, i.e. MDK Karawang (800 grains/malai) (10597), and Pulo Hitam (10615)}. Responses of test plants to RGSV can be grouped into susceptible (16 varieties and 34 accessions), moderately resistant (3 varieties and 11 accessions), and resistant (1 accession, i.e. Ketik 1-1062). Furthermore, RRSV and/or RGSV resistant rice accessions can be used as genetic material to breed new varieties resistant to dwarf viruses
Cover Jurnal Fitopatologi Vol. 17 No. 1, Januari 2021
No full textThis editorial contains the front cover, editorial page and back cover of the Indonesian Journal of Phytopathology, Volume 17, No. 1, January 2021.This editorial contains the front cover, editorial page and back cover of the Indonesian Journal of Phytopathology, Volume 17, No. 1, January 2021
Pengaruh Kombinasi Perlakuan Air Panas dan Kultur Jaringan terhadap Infeksi Virus pada Bawang Merah
Get PDFEffect of Combination of Hot Water Treatment and Tissue Culture on Virus Infections in Shallot
Most shallot farmers in Indonesia use bulbs as their propagative materials despite many diseases were known to be transmitted through bulbs. Heat treatment is a common method used to produce virus-free plants, i.e. using hot water or hot air treatment which is generally applied on the dormant organs such as seeds or bulbs. Research was conducted to get virus free shallot bulbs through hot water treatment combined with tissue culture. Detection of the virus before treatment using Dot immuno binding assay confirmed the infection of Potyvirus (Onion yellow dwarf virus/OYDV), Carlavirus (Shallot latent virus/SLV and Garlic common latent virus/GCLV) from bulb. The experiment was done using a completely randomized design with three factors, i.e. cultivar (Sumenep and Bima Curut), temperature (45 °C, 50 °C, and room temperature), and heating time (15 and 30 min). In general, hot water treatment combined with tissue culture did not affect the ability of plantlets to grow and the number of leaf. Based on virus detection using RT-PCR, 100% elimination of Potyvirus and Carlavirus on cultivar Bima Curut was observed at temperature of 45 °C for 15 minutes; whereas on cultivar Sumenep hot water treatment at 50 °C for 15 minutes was able to eliminate 100% Potyvirus and 33.33% Carlavirus.Sebagian besar petani bawang merah di Indonesia menggunakan umbi sebagai bahan perbanyakan meskipun banyak penyakit diketahui ditularkan melalui umbi. Perlakuan air atau udara panas pada organ aktif seperti biji atau umbi adalah metode yang umum digunakan untuk menghasilkan tanaman bebas virus. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan umbi bawang merah bebas virus melalui perlakuan air panas dikombinasikan dengan kultur jaringan. Deteksi virus sebelum perlakuan menggunakan Dot immuno binding assay (DIBA) untuk memastikan infeksi genus Potyvirus (Onion yellow dwarf virus/OYDV), Carlavirus (Shallot latent virus/SLV dan Garlic common latent virus/GCLV) dari umbi. Penelitian disusun menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga faktor, yaitu kultivar (Sumenep dan Bima Curut), suhu (45 °C, 50 °C, dan suhu kamar), dan waktu pemanasan (15 dan 30 menit). Secara umum, perlakuan air panas yang dikombinasikan dengan kultur jaringan tidak memengaruhi kemampuan tumbuh dan jumlah daun planlet. Berdasarkan deteksi virus menggunakan RT-PCR, suhu 45 °C selama 15 menit mampu mengeliminasi 100% Potyvirus dan Carlavirus pada bawang merah ‘Bima Curut’; sedangkan pada bawang merah ‘Sumenep’ perlakuan air panas pada suhu 50 °C selama 15 menit mampu mengeliminasi 100% Potyvirus dan 33.33% Carlavirus