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Antiangiogenic effect of sambung nyawa leaves (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.) etanolic extract on chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM)
Get PDFAntiangiogenesis (inhibition of new blood vessels formation) has become a strategy to inhibit cancer development lack of nutrition and oxygen supply. The aim of the present research is to investigate antiangiogenesis effect of ethanolic extract of Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. Leaves in situ using chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Eight to 9 days old fertilized chicken eggs were treated with b-FGF (angiogenesis inductor) and extracts. Eggs were then incubated for 3 days in order to observe its angiogenesis response (new blood vessels converged toward the implant).The results showed that the ethanolic extract of G.procumbens could inhibit angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. Doses 10, 20, 40, 80 ug gave angiogenesis response of (in percent) 82.32 ± 6.33; 68.38 ± 6.24; 56.48 ± 11.61; 41.43 ± 7.46 (p<0.05), respectively. These results indicate a potential antiangiogenic effect of the extract.Key words: antiangiogenic, CAM, G.procumbens
Study of antiemetic pattern on cancer patients with cancer by cytostatic therapy hospitals in Yogyakarta
Get PDFThe aim of the research was to know the description of antiemetic usage on the patients with cancer based on the medical records that were available in the hospital. Hereby, the use of antiemetic would be compared to literature for seeing the pattern.The study was a descriptive, analytic and retrospective study. The data taken from the medical records were written by doctor and nurses for cancer in patients hospital during Januari to June 2003. Data were grouped based on cytotoxic treatment with strong, medium and weak emetogenic effects, the condition of cancer patients, and antiemetic usage before and after having cytotoxic treatment.The results showed antiemetic usage before and after strong emetogenic cytotoxic treatment were not suitable because there was no combination with dexametason. Antiemetic usage which was used before and after mild emetogenic cytotoxic treatment were not suitable with ondansetron, metochlorpramide, combination of ondansetron – metochlorpramide. The use of antiemetic on cancer patients who got strong and medium emetogenic cytostatic was not been suitable with literatures because the patients were not given dexamethasone as combination therapy. For cancer patients given before and after medical treatment with weak emetogenic effect weren’t suitable in both of hospitals. Antiemetic usage before cytotoxic treatment that was not suitable was ondansetron and metoclopramide, where as antiemetic usage after cytotoxic that was suitable was metoclopramide.Key words: Antiemetic, Emetogenic Effect, Cytotoxic, hospita
Effect of dried extract Curcuma zedoria. Rosc. orally on the some parameters of kidney function of male rat
Get PDFCurcuma zedoria Rosc. has been used empirically for cancer medicine and usually used for long periods. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of dried extract Curcuma zedoria. Rosc. orally on kidney function of male rat for 12 weeks exposure. Eighty male rat (180-200g) were divided into four group, group 1 as a control group, group 2, 3 and 4 were given 9mg/200g body weight, 18 mg/200g bw and 27mg/200g bw respectively. Dried extract of Curcuma zedoria Rosc. was given daily for 12 weeks periods, serum, urine, and kidney samples were collected by killing of 5 rats in each group on week 4, 8, 12 and 16 respectively. Serum, and urine samples were analyze for creatinine,pH, specific gravity and morphological and histological of the kidney were also observed respectivelyThe results indicated that serum, and creatinine content, pH and specific gravity of urine were not significantly different between control and treatment group of dosage and time of exposure (P>0.05). From the results can be concluded that dried Curcuma zedoria Rosc. given orally at the dosage up to 27mg/200g bw for long periods was safe for male rats and safely to use as a traditional medicine given at the long periods of time.Key words: Curcuma zedoria. Rosc, urine chemical, kidney
The temperature effect and humidity on dissolution rate of effervescent tablet
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to measure the dissolution rate constant of passion fruit effervescent tablet during storage at temperature and relative humidity variations. Sample of passion fruit effervescent tablet prepared from passion fruit granular, aspartame, polyethylene glycol, citric acid, and sodium bicarbonate.The result showed and the dissolution rate constant increased with the increasing of temperature. At elevated RH as well. The amount of dissolution rate constant was is 0.0138 with coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.7337. This calculation suggested that the proposed mathematics models might be applicable to shelf life prediction of effervescent tablet.Key words: temperature, humidity, effervescent table
Determination of antioxidant activity of dehydrozingerone through hydroxy radical scavengers using deoxyribosa method
Get PDFDehydrozingerone (4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-one) is an analog of curcumin which is termed as half-curcumin. The compound is isolated from ginger (Zingiber officinale). Nevertheless, this compound still has a phenolic hydroxy moiety responsible for antioxidant activity. The research was performed to obtain information on the antioxidant activity of dehydrozingerone through hydroxy radical scavengers.The study was performed according to a hydroxy radical scavenging procedur. In this method, reaction between hydroxy radical, resulted from phenton reaction, and deoxyribosa produces malonedealdehyde. Incubation in thiobarbituric acid at low pH produced violet-coloured solution (complex MDA-TBA).The results showed that dehydrozingerone has antioxidant activity through hydroxy radical scavengers with ES15 value of 48.36 μM. The antioxidant activity of dehydrozingerone was lower than curcumin, with ES15 value of 25.01 μM. Besides, exchange of phenolic hydroxy moiety by salting with potassium could deplete its antioxidant activity. Based on these facts, it can be concluded that phenolic hydroxy moiety of dehydrozingerone was important for its antioxidant activity through hydroxy radical scavengers.Key words : dehydrozingerone, curcumin, antioxidant, radical hydroxy, Zingibe
The effect of pharmacy visit to the potential drug interactions in the hospitalized geriatric patient at Dahlia ward Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo hospital
No full textPharmaceutical care is the responsible provision of drug therapy for the purpose of achieving definite outcomes that improve a patient’s quality of life. Ward pharmacy is one way to realizing pharmaceutical care. This research’s aim was to study potential drug interactions in geriatric patient hospitalized at Dahlia ward Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo hospital, before and after ward pharmacy. The research used before and after study method, comparing potential drug interactions before and after ward pharmacy from March - June 2006. The different significance of drug interactions before and after ward pharmacy tested with Mann-Whitney test. Software which used in statistical analysis was SPSS (Statistical Product Social Science for) version 11.The study showed that total potential drug interaction before and after ward pharmacy were 3,69% and 5,12%. Drug interactions with significance rating 1, 2, and 3 before ward pharmacy were 0.08 ; 0.16 and 0.04 respectively ; while after ward pharmacy were 0.33 ; 0.14 and 0.09 respectively. The statistical analysis indicate that there was no a significance difference of drug interactions before and after ward pharmacy (P> 0,05). The result was used to improve the system of pharmaceutical care in RSUD Prof. Dr Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto.Key words: ward pharmacy, geriatric patient, potential drug interactio
NEW 6-(3-INDOLYL)BENZO[B]CARBAZOLES
Get PDFSome attempts have been carried out to synthesize polycyclic heterocyclic compounds derived from new benzocarbazoles (1). New 6-(3-indolyl)benzo[b]-carbazoles (2a) have been synthesised in good yields from the reaction of simple indoles and o-phthaldialdehid in methanol catalysed by p-toulenesulfonic acid monohydrate. Their precise structure were established by microanalysis, spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography of the benzo[b]carbazole (2a).Keywords: indoles, polycyclic heterocyclic compounds, benzo[b]carbazole
ARTEMISININ PRODUCTION BY SHOOT CULTURE OF ARTEMISIA CINA BERG. EX POLJAKOV
Get PDFArtemisinin is a secondary metabolite has a potential effect as an antimalaria. Research in artemisinin content in A. cina from shoot culture have not been reported. The aim of this research were:(i) to know the ability of A. cina shoot culture to produce artemisinin, (ii) to asses the effect of concentration of yeast extract, sucrose and their combination in promoting the production of artemisinin, (iii) to determine the highest artemisinin concentration produced by shoot culture in the medium containing different concentration of yeast extract, sucrose and their combination. The factorial of randomised complex block design (RCBD) was used in this experimental design. The first factor was concentration of sucrose ( 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%) and the second factor was concentration of yeast extract (0 mg/l, 100 mg/l, 200 mg/l, 300 mg/l). HPLC was used. To analyse quantitatively the artemisinin production, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and DMRT were used to analyse the data. The results showed that the addition of yeast extract and sucrose increased the concentration of artemisinin from the A. cina shoot culture. The highest artemisinin content produced was 14.035 mg/g dry weights which was produced by combination of 3 % sucrose concentration and 200 mg/l yeast extract. This result suggest that A. cina shoot culture could be used as a method to producing artemisinin.Key words : Artemisinin, shoot culture, Artemia cina Berg. Ex Poljako
TOXICITY OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACTS FROM THE FRUITING BODY OF GANODERMA SP. BY BRINE LETHALITY TEST OF Artemia salina Leach.
Get PDFThe level of toxicity of aqueous extract from Ganoderma sp. fruiting body isolated from different plant media was determined in this experiment using Brine shrimp lethality test (BST) on Artemia salina Leach. The influence of media on the toxicity level of aqueous extract from Ganoderma sp. fruiting body was determined in this experiment. Ganoderma sp. and G. Lucidum were grown on three flamboyant, (Delonix regia Bojer ex Hook Rafin), sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) and coconut(Cocos nucifera Linn.) plant media. The aqueous extracts were prepared from fruiting body using 0.02 M phosphate buffer pH 7.2. The toxicity level of these aqueous extract were then screened using the BST method. The level of the toxicity was determined by LC50. The results indicated that the aqueous extracts of Ganoderma sp. and G. lucidum isolated from flamboyant, sengon and coconut plant media were influenced by plant media. Ganoderma sp. was isolated from flamboyant plant media possesed the highest toxicity (LC50 480 g aqueous extract/ml), then followed by Ganoderma sp. isolated from sengon plant media (LC50 770 g aqueous extract /ml) and coconut (LC50 1040 g aqueous extract /ml). G. lucidum from coconut plant media possesed the highest toxicity (LC50 660 g aqueous extract /ml), followed by G. lucidum were isolated from sengon plant media (LC50 1100 g aqueous extract /ml) and flamboyant (LC50 1970 g aqueous extract /ml). It was suggested that G.lucidum having highest toxicity might produce compounds having antitumor activity.Key words: Ganoderma sp., aqueous extracts, toxicity
Analysis of nicotine in various organs of male mice after inhalation of cigarette smoke
Get PDFNicotine is one of dangerous components in cigarette smoke, there for concentration of nicotin in organ quantitative in organs must be determined. Qualitative and quantitative thin layer chormatographic analysis of nicotine in various organs of male mice after inhalation of cigarette smoke has been carried out. Nicotine was extracted with chloroform in ammoniacal medium and determined by spectrophotodensitometry. The nicotine content in lung is higher than kidney and liver.Key words: nicotine, lung, kidney, liver, male mic