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La Orientación Educativa Inclusiva, una meta a alcanzar
No full textLa Orientación Educativa se entiende en esta investigación como un proceso continuo y sistemático, cuya finalidad es conseguir el desarrollo integral y personal de la persona a lo largo y a lo ancho de la vida (Martínez Clares y Martínez Juárez, 2011). Así, el profesional de la Orientación Educativa debe acompañar y guiar al alumnado en este desarrollo integral, en colaboración con el profesorado. En la Comunidad Autónoma de Aragón, la Orientación Educativa se desarrolla y gestiona en los centros escolares a través de la Red Integrada de la Orientación Educativa (RIOE). En este marco, el trabajo que se presenta tiene como finalidad analizar las funciones y acción orientadora de la RIOE desde la mirada orientadora y docente. El diseño metodológico aplicado es cuantitativo, utilizando como instrumento de recogida de información dos cuestionarios ad hoc. Han participado en el estudio 150 orientadores y orientadoras de la RIOE, y 442 docentes de todas las etapas educativas del Sistema Educativo Aragonés. Los resultados muestran una valoración positiva de las funciones de las y los orientadores escolares, que se relacionan con una perspectiva de derechos, y, por ende, con una educación inclusiva. No obstante, los datos muestran una gran disonancia entre el profesorado y las profesionales de la orientación educativa, con respecto a la función relacionada con la realización de evaluaciones e informes psicopedagógicos. Esta discrepancia entre orientación y profesorado llevan a reflexionar y analizar con mayor profundidad la labor orientadora en los centros educativos, cuestionando si realmente se está trabajando hacia una educación inclusiva
Multi-Parametric Study on Flexural Behavior of Wool–Flax Hybrid Composites Under Thermal Conditions
No full textThe increasing demand for sustainable materials has intensified the interest in natural fiber-reinforced composites (NFRCs) as environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic composites. However, NFRCs often face limitations in thermal stability, restricting their use in high-temperature environments. To address this, the present study explores the hybridization of cellulosic flax fibers with protein-based wool fibers to improve thermal stability without compromising mechanical integrity. Wool–flax hybrid composites were fabricated using a bio-based epoxy resin through a resin infusion technique with different fiber proportions. The flexural properties of these composites were evaluated under varying temperature conditions to assess the influence of fiber composition and thermal conditions. This study specifically examined the impact of wool fiber content on the flexural performance of the composites under thermal conditions, including behavior near and above the matrix’s glass transition temperature. The results showed that the flexural properties of the hybrid biocomposites were significantly affected by temperature. Compared with specimens tested at room temperature, the flexural modulus of all variants decreased by 85–94%, while the flexural strength declined by 79–85% at 120 °C, depending on the variant. The composite variant with a higher wool content (variant 3W) exhibited enhanced flexural performance, demonstrating an average of 15% greater flexural strength than other variants at 60 °C and 5% higher at 120 °C. These findings suggest that incorporating wool fibers into flax-based composites can effectively improve thermal stability while maintaining flexural properties, supporting the development of sustainable biocomposites for structural applications
An analytical model for the oscillatory flow in constant cross-section ducts
No full textIn this paper, an analytical model for the incompressible laminar mean flow induced by an oscillatory pressure gradient is proposed for arbitrary constant cross-section, straight ducts of very large length. With the hydraulic diameter as the characteristic length scale and just one parameter, namely the cross-section loss-coefficient for steady flow, the proposed model provides the modulus and phase of the dimensionless mean flow and volumetric flow rate as a function of the Reynolds frequency number. The model, which is derived from the momentum integral equation using complex algebra, is compared to exact analytical solutions for laminar oscillatory flows. Results for circular, squared, rectangular and triangular cross-sections show that the model accurately reproduces the asymptotic behavior at low and high frequencies, with a reasonable approximation in the intermediate frequency Reynolds number range (1,100), where largest errors occur. The proposed model can be of interest in applied computer programs for engineering, environmental and biological systems that are subject to periodic flows, such as the human circulatory system or the design of hydraulic dampers
Development and evaluation of ready-to-eat extruded oat gels as a dietary fiber delivery system
No full textInadequate dietary fiber intake is a global health concern, necessitating innovative fiber-rich food solutions. This study aimed to develop and characterize a ready-to-eat (RTE) oat gel using a commercial extruded oat ingredient (EOI) for enhanced dietary fiber and polyphenol delivery. A comparative analysis with oat flour assessed their nutritional, physicochemical, and functional properties. EOI gels exhibited higher dietary fiber (3.33g/100g wet matter vs. 2.01 g/100g wet matter) and total phenolic content (2.32 vs. 0.97 mg gallic acid/mL), with lower least gelation concentration (LGC). Textural analysis profile (TPA) and back extrusion showed that EOI produce gels with enhanced firmness, cohesiveness, hardness and gumminess. EOI gels present significantly higher values (P < 0.05) in antioxidant, metal-chelating, antidiabetic, and hypocholesterolemic activities. Sensory evaluation indicated greater acceptability in texture and taste. In conclusion, the extruded oat ingredient is a promising functional ingredient for fiber-rich RTE food gels, offering enhanced bioactivity, improved texture, and sensory appeal, addressing dietary fiber deficiencies with a convenient and palatable solution. Future research should explore shelf-life and stability for commercial applications
Changes in Physical Activity Among Spanish Kidney Transplant Recipients: A 12‐Month Longitudinal Study
No full textPhysical activity is crucial for improving cardiovascular risk and overall health in kidney transplant recipients. However, changes in physical activity before and after transplantation remain underexplored.ObjectiveTo assess energy expenditure and physical activity before and after kidney transplantation over 1 year, analysing their relationship with cardiovascular risk factors.DesignDescriptive, longitudinal, prospective study.ParticipantsA total of 112 individuals who had received a kidney transplant (aged ≥ 18 years) at a single transplant centre.MeasurementsSociodemographic and clinical data were extracted from medical records. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was administered at baseline and at 3, 6 and 12 months after transplantation to evaluate physical activity (as metabolic equivalent minutes per week). Laboratory parameters were also collected.AnalysisDescriptive statistics summarised participant characteristics. Inferential analyses (chi‐square, t‐tests, ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U, Kruskal–Wallis) examined associations between physical activity and clinical variables (significance p < 0.05).ResultsParticipants had a median age of 58 years; 70.5% were men. Overall physical activity declined at 3 months, rebounded at 6, and decreased again at 12 months, remaining below the levels observed before transplantation. Men, participants not requiring dialysis before transplantation, individuals with overweight, and individuals with a history of cerebrovascular disease exhibited higher physical activity throughout follow‐up. Physical activity correlated with certain laboratory parameters, suggesting that better clinical status may foster greater physical activity engagement.ConclusionTailored physical activity targeting comorbidities and nutritional status are recommended to improve long‐term outcomes in kidney transplant recipients, particularly among women, older adults, and those with multiple comorbidities
The Effects of Burning Intensity on the Soil C-Related Properties and Mineralogy of Two Contrasting Forest Soils from Chilean National Parks
No full textForest fires alter multiple soil properties, from those related to the carbon cycle to mineralogy; however, the responses of various soils to thermal impact remain unclear. This study examined the impact of fire-induced heating (300, 600, and 900 °C) on the properties of two contrasted soils (Andisol and Inceptisol) with regard to soil organic carbon (SOC), total organic carbon (TOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), recalcitrant organic carbon (ROC), soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soil water repellency (SWR), soil aggregate stability (SAS), and mineralogy using X-ray diffraction (XRD). SOC and TOC decreased as temperatures increased, with a more pronounced decrease in Andisol (90% loss) than in Inceptisol (80% loss). DOC and SWR peaked at 300 °C but disappeared above 600 °C. Further, ROC increased at 300 °C in both soils, but behaved differently at higher temperatures, remaining stable in Inceptisol and being eliminated in Andisol. Soil pH increased at 600 and 900 °C; meanwhile, EC increased progressively in Andisol but peaked at 300 °C in Inceptisol. SAS remained high in both soils (between 85 and 95%) despite heating. The mineralogical analysis demonstrated how heating induced transformations in iron minerals into more oxidized forms (as hematite and maghemite) in the Andisol, while clay minerals and gibbsite decreased feldspar and quartz accumulation promotion in the Inceptisol. In summary, the initial properties of each soil influenced their respective responses to fire
Modelos Empíricos, Mecanicistas y Dinámicos para la Estimación y Predicción de la Composición Corporal del Cerdo Ibérico de Montanera
No full textEste estudio se centra en describir y predecir matemáticamente el crecimiento del cerdo ibérico en su sistema tradicional de producción. El cerdo ibérico es una raza autóctona de la Península Ibérica, altamente valorada por la calidad de sus productos y caracterizada por una elevada acumulación de grasa, baja deposición de proteína y ciclos productivos prolongados. Tradicionalmente, estos animales se crían en sistemas agroforestales como la dehesa, donde dependen de los recursos locales, lo que refuerza tanto su sostenibilidad como su importancia económica.Para llevar a cabo este análisis, se realizó una revisión sistemática y cuantitativa de estudios publicados hasta mayo de 2020, identificando un total de 112 trabajos relacionados con el crecimiento y engorde del cerdo ibérico. Sin embargo, solo 18 de estos estudios cumplían con los criterios de calidad necesarios, aportando datos pareados de edad y peso. La base de datos final quedó conformada por 76 pruebas que involucraron a 22,558 animales.Las fases de lactancia, posdestete y engorde en montanera se analizaron de forma independiente. En la fase de engorde, los datos se dividieron en tres grupos según la edad inicial de los cerdos al comenzar el consumo de bellotas. No obstante, no se encontraron datos válidos para las fases intermedias de crecimiento y premontanera.Se desarrollaron modelos específicos para las fases de lactancia, posdestete y engorde, además de un modelo combinado para lactancia y posdestete, y un modelo de superficie que evalúa la relación entre edad y ganancia media diaria durante la montanera.Para abordar las lagunas de información en las fases intermedias de crecimiento, se realizaron dos ensayos. El primero estimó la composición corporal in vivo en la última fase de crecimiento restringido, utilizando bioimpedancia (BIA) y ultrasonidos (ecografía), técnicas no invasivas que demostraron ser altamente eficaces. Estas herramientas presentaron correlaciones significativas con parámetros químicos de la canal, como proteína, grasa, cenizas y agua.El segundo ensayo empleó modelos dinámicos y mecanicistas para predecir el crecimiento a partir de los componentes corporales individuales. Se utilizaron cinco modelos no lineales basados en la curva de Gompertz para estimar el peso en función de la edad, considerando el momento de inicio de la montanera. Desde una perspectiva mecanicista, se ensamblaron modelos para predecir los contenidos de proteína, agua y cenizas en función de la edad, y de grasa en función del peso del animal.Este trabajo aplica modelos lineales y no lineales y un enfoque mecanicista, conceptualizando el crecimiento total del cerdo como la suma de sus distintos componentes corporales. Los resultados destacan el potencial de estas metodologías para mejorar las predicciones de crecimiento y optimizar las estrategias de manejo en sistemas tradicionales de producción.En conjunto, esta investigación no solo cubre vacíos significativos en el conocimiento sobre el crecimiento del cerdo ibérico, sino que también contribuye al desarrollo de prácticas de manejo más eficientes, promoviendo la sostenibilidad y la calidad en los sistemas agroforestales donde se cría esta raza.<br /
A novel particle mass calibration strategy for the quantification of AuNPs in single cancer cells <i>via</i> laser ablation ICP-mass spectrometry. A case study
No full textLaser ablation ICP-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) has developed as a powerful tool for elemental quantitative analysis of individual cells, assuring that the content of each cell is analyzed individually. However, this technique is still limited by the difficulties associated with calibration using solid standards. This work proposes a particle mass calibration strategy that is independent of both the properties and thickness of the gelatin films used for calibration, overcoming a significant drawback of previously established methods. The fundamental principle of this strategy relies on the individual ablation of nanoparticles (NPs) of well-characterized size that are embedded in the films, so that their mass can be directly used for calibration without the need to calculate their exact concentration within the gelatin. The performance of the newly developed method was compared to that of the previously reported approaches (ionic and particle number calibration) in terms of linearity and homogeneity between different films prepared from the same gelatin solution. As a case study, the three calibration strategies were used for the quantitative analysis of HeLa cancer cells exposed to AuNPs. In parallel, in-suspension single-cell (SC) ICP-MS Au data were obtained and used as reference for comparison with the three LA-SC-ICP-MS strategies. The results obtained with the novel particle mass approach demonstrated better accuracy and repeatability over three different working sessions, addressing key limitations and providing a robust and reliable method for quantitative LA-SC-ICP-MS analysis. The particle mass method holds promise for quantitative LA-ICP-MS analysis of samples beyond NP-exposed cells, such as biological tissues
Ieisme en els grups consonàntics cultes PL, CL, GL, BL i FL en el català a l’Aragó: una aproximació a la variació (socio)fonètica
No full textThis article analyses an ongoing linguistic change related to the vitality of the palatalisation of the alveolar lateral consonant originating in the Latin groups PL-, BL-, CL-, FL- and GL- in the Franja d’Aragó. This is one of the most singular features of the Ribagorzano and Leridano dialects of north-western Catalonia, shared with the Ribagorzano dialect of Aragonese. In this study, fifty communicative situations have been created to obtain contexts containing occurrences of these consonant clusters. A total of ninety realisations of the consonant have been examined using PRAAT (Boersma / Weenink, 2021). The results show the minoritarian presence of the palatoalveolar lateral in comparison with the approximant and the alveolar. This is an indicator that this feature is in a passive phase and can be considered a step prior to its disappearance