77823 research outputs found
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La responsabilidad «penal» de las personas jurídicas en los delitos de enaltecimiento del terrorismo y de humillación de sus víctimas
No full textLas personas jurídicas pueden responder «penalmente» por los delitos cometidos por sus dirigentes o empleados si se dan ciertos requisitos. Desde el año 2019 estas entidades pueden ser condenadas por todos los delitos de terrorismo regulados en el Código Penal, incluidos los delitos de enaltecimiento del terrorismo y de humillación de sus víctimas. No obstante, se plantea el interrogante de si en estos casos se podrá cumplir el requisito consistente en que el delito se haya cometido «en beneficio directo o indirecto» de la persona jurídica.
Legal entities may be held “criminally” liable for crimes committed by their directors or employees if certain requirements are met. Since 2019, these entities can be convicted of all terrorist crimes regulated in the Criminal Code, including crimes of glorifying terrorism and humiliation of its victims. However, the question arises as to whether in these cases the requirement that the crime has been committed “for the direct or indirect benefit” of the legal entity can be met
Population parameters of an expanding Iberian wild goat population in Southern Pyrenees, Spain
Get PDFThe escape and establishment of Iberian wild goats, Capra pyrenaica, from an enclosure in the 1990s marked the beginning of the recovery of the species in the Pyrenees. This population has occupied part of the Prepyrenees and has contacted another population reintroduced in France since 2014. It coexists with other wild ungulates, including the feral and domestic goats Capra hircus that has been living free since the 1960s. Today it’s the largest Iberian wild goat Pyrenean population. Between 2006 and 2022 we monitored the population and its expansion based on vantage points, itineraries and testimonies. The results indicate: (i) a population, of uncertain genetic origin, in numerical (15% average annual growth) and areal expansion, with the capacity to connect with other populations; (ii) an estimate of at least 500 individuals; (iii) in the process of expansion in contact with Iberian wild goats from France; (iv) sympatry with feral and domestic goat population in its main nucleus whose estimate exceeds 2000 specimens and (v) hybridization with feral and domestic goats. In 2022 sustainable hunt started with a hunting quota of 20 individuals. Genetic characterization and the establishment of an international coordinated monitoring are two of the current priorities
Análisis de datos con Jamovi. Guía práctica para la investigación científica
No full textEste texto surge de la necesidad de contar con un material didáctico adecuado para la asignatura Análisis de Datos del Máster Universitario en Evaluación y Entrenamiento Físico para la Salud de la Universidad de Zaragoza. Sin embargo, las técnicas descritas aquí no se limitan al ámbito de las ciencias del deporte o de la salud, sino que son aplicables en multitud de campos de la investigación científica. Para ello, este libro ofrece una guía paso a paso para el análisis de datos con Jamovi, un software sencillo e intuitivo que está ganando rápidamente popularidad, especialmente en ámbitos relacionados con la investigación en salud y sociología, desplazando a otros programas como SPSS
Analysis of Reported Cases of Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium spp. Infection in Children from Aragón (Northeast Spain) During the Period (2012–2021)
Get PDFGiardiasis and cryptosporidiosis, caused by Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium spp., are parasitic infections transmitted through faecal–oral routes or contaminated water. Although less common in Spain compared to developing countries, they pose a public health concern, particularly for vulnerable groups like children and immunocompromised individuals. This study aims to analyse the cases reported to the Microbiological Information System (MIS) in children between 2012 and 2021, as well as their distribution across sociodemographic variables. Proportions and infectivity rates were determined for epidemiological and sociodemographic data, and the incidence rate for giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis was calculated annually and by health sector. The variables analysed included sex, age, health sector and weather. For both diseases, there was a significant decrease in the number of cases in 2020, suggesting the importance of person-to-person transmission. Children were infected by Giardia in significantly higher proportion (p < 0.001), being the majority in age groups 5–14 years, while the proportion of boys and girls infected by Cryptosporidium was almost identical (1.4% vs. 1.3%), in children aged 2–4 years. Periodically there was a significant increase in cases of cryptosporidiosis, apparently related to the presence of torrential rains. Transmission is related to increased temperature and rainfall. Person-to-person transmission in the paediatric population needs further investigation. This study provides the foundation for future research on the evolution of cases of giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis in Spanish children. The data emphasise the need for informational campaigns on hygienic measures and efforts by public health authorities to maintain water resources in optimal condition to prevent parasite spread
CAPI-Detect: machine learning in capillaroscopy reveals new variables influencing diagnosis
Get PDFObjectives
Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) is the gold standard for diagnosing SSc and differentiating primary from secondary RP. The CAPI-Score algorithm, designed for simplicity, classifies capillaroscopy scleroderma patterns (CSPs) using a limited number of capillary variables. This study aims to develop a more advanced machine learning (ML) model to improve CSP identification by integrating a broader range of statistical variables while minimizing examiner-related bias.
Methods
A total of 1780 capillaroscopies were randomly and blindly analysed by three to four trained observers. Consensus was defined as agreement among all but one observer (partial consensus) or unanimous agreement (full consensus). Capillaroscopies with at least partial consensus were used to train ML-based classification models using CatBoost software, incorporating 24 capillary architecture-related variables extracted via automated NVC analysis. Validation sets were employed to assess model performance.
Results
Of the 1490 capillaroscopies classified with consensus, 515 achieved full consensus. The model, evaluated on partial and full consensus datasets, achieved 0.912, 0.812 and 0.746 accuracy for distinguishing SSc from non-SSc, among SSc patterns, and between normal and non-specific patterns, respectively. When evaluated on full consensus only, accuracy improved to 0.910, 0.925 and 0.933. CAPI-Detect outperformed CAPI-Score, revealing novel capillary variables critical to ML-based classification.
CAPI-Detect, an ML-based model, provides an unbiased, quantitative analysis of capillary structure, shape, size and density, significantly improving capillaroscopic pattern identification
"Podemos” como fenómeno historiográfico: un estado de la cuestión (2014-2023)
Get PDFEste artículo tiene como objetivo destacar cuáles han sido las manifestaciones historiográficas sobre la organización y qué enfoques han poseído, realidades indisolubles de la propia evolución del partido. Para ello, se presentarán las diferentes etapas transitadas por los estudios sobre la formación morada, para así reparar en las temáticas más analizadas y en los análisis emanados por figuras de la organización. Finalmente, se presentarán las observaciones finales, destacando el valor de introducir nuevos objetos de estudio en la disciplina histórica
Variety, maturity stage and postharvest storage time effect on Mal d 3 allergen from apple (Malus domestica)
No full textFruit belonging to Rosaceae family, which includes apples, is responsible for 60 % of fruit allergies. Mal d 3, a member of the lipid transfer proteins, is the most allergenic protein of apple. Levels of total soluble protein and Mal d 3 were determined in apple peel as a function of variety, maturity stage and postharvest storage time under controlled atmosphere conditions, using a previously developed specific sandwich ELISA. Mal d 3 content differed among varieties, ranging from 13.6 mg kg−1 in ‘Golden Delicious’ to 23.6 mg kg−1 in ‘Verde Doncella’. No significant influence of the maturity stage on Mal d 3 concentration was found. Over a 7-month period of storage under controlled atmosphere, the levels of Mal d 3 decreased about 1.6–2.3 times. No correlation was found between Mal d 3 concentration and total soluble protein in apple peel samples. A better understanding of how Mal d 3 concentration is affected by pre and postharvest factors could assist to decrease the allergen load of apple
La planificación energético-climática en Francia y España: Evolución, principios y discrecionalidad
No full textLa planificación de la transición energética es una pieza básica en la lucha contra el cambio climático y la descarbonización de la economía en España y Francia. Esta herramienta de naturaleza administrativa materializa la potestad planificadora mediante la fijación por los poderes públicos de los horizontes energético-ambientales de ambos Estados. Sin embargo, es una materia heterogénea en la que las Administraciones públicas española y francesa ostentan amplias facultades discrecionales a la hora de configurar la estrategia de la batalla climática.Esa discrecionalidad, aunque aporta flexibilidad, hace interesante realizar una comparación de las posibilidades y límites que encuentran los planes energético-climáticos en los ordenamientos jurídicos de dos países vecinos, para encontrar ciertas coincidencias, así como advertir algunas diferencias.A lo largo de esta obra, se desarrolla en un primer momento la historia reciente asociada a la planificación para contextualizar y conocer en mayor profundidad la figura de los planes energético-climáticos actuales en Francia y España. En segundo lugar, desde el método comparativo se han abordado cuáles son los principios jurídicos que rigen la planificación de la transición energética configurando el marco legal en el que circunscribir la potestad de planificación energética. Por último, se han analizado otros límites de la discrecionalidad administrativa, los cuales permitirán, en un primer estadio, escindir los elementos arbitrarios o irracionales de la planificación energética.Todo ello se plantea como un estudio teórico jurídico comparado que pudiera servir de modelo para futuros pronunciamientos de revisión jurídica de los instrumentos de planificación en el ámbito de la llamada litigiosidad climática de ambos países
Gender equality among medical and dental academic researchers in West Africa: a theoretical analysis of a compendium of research
Get PDFThis study conducted theoretical analyses of the findings of a study on gender disparities in research productivity and leadership in medical and dental research institutions in Nigeria. The aim was to highlight the connectedness of the study findings, and to develop a conceptual framework that can inform future studies on gender equity in academia across West Africa.MethodsA content analysis of the research outputs was conducted using four theoretical frameworks to assess the alignment of the study findings with gender equality goals. The research examined policy effectiveness and institutional practices using the 2008 USAID Gender Equality Framework; analyzed how personal traits, societal expectations, and organizational practices intersect using Fagenson's Theory of Gender and Career Development; uncovered gendered power dynamics and inform strategies for institutional reform using the Feminist Institutionalism Analytical Lens; and shed light on disparities in mentorship, collaboration, and academic publishing using the Academic Literacies Theory.ResultsThe key domains influencing gender inequality and requiring targeted actions are: first, the patriarchal societal, cultural, and religious values that shape gender roles, restricting women's career advancement. Second, institutional policies and organizational culture that limits female leadership and research productivity. Third, individual and generational perspectives influence advocacy, with younger individuals recognizing inequality more readily. Research productivity and leadership disparities can be addressed through mentorship and training programs for early-career researchers that foster the development of gender-sensitive advocates. The developed conceptual framework outlines three core research and action domains—societal, institutional, and individual factors—and their sub-factors, alongside targeted interventions influencing gender inequality, proposed targeted recommendations and expected outcomes.ConclusionsThe findings emphasize the multifaceted nature of gender disparities. Strategic actions are needed to address the issues that foster gender equality in medical and dental research institutions, and to support female researchers in West Africa. These actions should focus on the younger generations to drive needed changes
The Big Five, Dark Personality, Moral Disengagement and Counterproductive Behavior at Work
Get PDFThis study examines the relationship between Big Five personality traits, dark personality (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy), and moral disengagement in relation to counterproductive behaviors at work (CWB). The sample consisted of 118 felons convicted of economic crimes (M = 43.81, SD = 10.75). Results revealed a significant association between moral disengagement and dark personality traits and CWB. Moreover, the variance explained by the dark personality was notably higher than that accounted for by the Big Five model. Specifically, moral disengagement and psychopathy significantly increased the variance explained by the Big Five (ΔR² = .17). Additionally, Browne’s coefficient (ΔRcv² = .15) suggests that this increase is generalizable to larger, similar samples. These findings support previous research on the role of the Big Five, dark personality and moral disengagement in shaping workplace behavior and provide valuable insights for managers and HR professionals seeking to mitigate CWB.
Este estudio examina la relación entre los rasgos de personalidad de los Big Five, la personalidad oscura (es decir, maquiavelismo, narcisismo y psicopatía) y la desconexión moral asociadas a las conductas contraproductivas en el trabajo (CWB). La muestra consistió en 118 delincuentes condenados por delitos económicos (M = 43,81, DT = 10,75). Los resultados mostraron una asociación significativa entre la desconexión moral y los rasgos oscuros de personalidad con los CWB. Además, la varianza explicada por la personalidad oscura fue notablemente superior a la explicada por el modelo de los Big Five de personalidad. En concreto, la desconexión moral y la psicopatía aumentaron significativamente la varianza explicada por los Big Five (ΔR² = .17). Además, el coeficiente de Browne (ΔRcv ² = .15) sugiere que este aumento es generalizable a muestras más grandes y similares. Estos resultados respaldan investigaciones anteriores sobre el papel de los Big Five, la personalidad oscura y la desconexión moral en la configuración del CWB en el lugar de trabajo, y proporcionan información valiosa para los directivos y los profesionales de RRHH, que tratan de mitigar la CWB