77823 research outputs found
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El trabajo de las imágenes en la nueva intimidad digital: escenarios de desigualdad
Get PDFEn el presente artículo se revisan críticamente elementos tecnosociales y legislativos que dan contexto a los ecosistemas de plataformización y comercialización de actividades limítrofes para con el sistema-trabajo donde la intimidad juega un papel fundamental. El análisis propone un escenario de desigualdad de partida respecto a poblaciones altamente feminizadas que hacen uso de tecnologías y plataformas de intercambio de bienes y servicios sin relación laboral, especialmente en aquellas que producen materiales visuales sexuales o eróticos. El artículo ofrece una crítica a las barreras en el acceso a los derechos digitales y una lectura situada desde la particularidad del ámbito online sobre las actuales propuestas de reformas legislativas acerca de la tercerización de servicios en el sector de la creación imágenes
Using social media-based positive education to challenge negative stereotypes of aging: a quasi-experimental approach
Get PDFNegative stereotypes towards aging are widespread, and positive psychoeducation could play a role in reducing these beliefs. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of positive psychoeducation regarding aging, disseminated through social media channels, in mitigating negative stereotypes. Additionally, it seeks to explore potential associations between various sociodemographic variables and the prevalence of negative stereotypes towards the elderly.
Methods. A quasi-experimental design was used, with an experimental group undergoing a 7-day intervention. Daily positive messages about aging were posted on a social media account, and the impact on negative stereotypes was assessed both before and after the intervention using the Questionnaire for Evaluating Negative Stereotypes towards Aging. Sociodemographic data were collected through an additional questionnaire. A snowball sampling method via social media recruited 109 participants.
Results. Participants who followed the intervention demonstrated a reduction in negative stereotypes, as evidenced by lower scores on the questionnaire. No significant interaction was found between sociodemographic variables and changes in stereotypes before and after the intervention.
Conclusion. Positive psychoeducation through social media shows promise in reducing negative stereotypes about aging. Although the study has limitations, the findings suggest that educational efforts on social media can positively influence attitudes towards aging and potentially enhance well-being across different age groups
Curve singularities with one Puiseux pair and value sets of modules over their local rings
No full textIn this paper we characterize the value set \Delta of the R-modules of the form R+zR for the local ring R associated to a germ \xi of an irreducible plane curve singularity with one Puiseux pair. In the particular case of the module of Kähler differentials attached to \xi, we recover some results of Delorme. From our characterization of \Delta we introduce a proper subset of semimodules over the value semigroup of the ring R. Moreover, we provide a combinatorial algorithm to construct all possible semimodules in this subset for a given value semigroup
Prospective primary school teachers’ mathematical knowledge of sampling
Get PDFSampling is a fundamental stochastic concept that bridges statistics and probability. Due to its importance, some elementary sampling ideas have been included in the latest Spanish primary education decrees; however, teachers may not be familiar with the topic, and research on the sampling knowledge of teachers is scarce. To fill this gap, the aim of this study was to assess common and advanced mathematical knowledge of sampling of 105 prospective primary school teachers by analyzing their responses to a questionnaire with open-ended questions. Common content knowledge was assessed by asking for definitions and examples of sample and population and by discriminating between correct and incorrect sampling methods. Advanced knowledge was tested by asking for an estimation of the population mean from the sample mean and of the population and proportion in a new sample from the sample proportion. Results indicated better common content knowledge than previous studies and gaps in advanced knowledge. Most participants had a multi-structural understanding of sampling concepts, where several aspects were described but not related to each other. We conclude that there is a need for better preparation of prospective primary school teachers’ sampling knowledge considering the current curricular deepening on this topic, and new research should be oriented toward designing and evaluating related teaching actions
Lactoferrin modulates oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in a murine model of dysbiosis induced by clindamycin
Get PDFAntibiotics, specifically clindamycin (Clin), cause intestinal dysbiosis, reducing the microbiota with anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, Clin can induce alterations in the immune responses and oxidative stress. Lactoferrin, among other activities, participates in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and reduces dysbiosis induced by antibiotic treatment. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of native and iron-saturated bovine LF in a murine model of dysbiosis induced by Clin. Six groups of male C57BL/6 mice were treated with saline (control), Clin, native lactoferrin (nLF), iron-saturated lactoferrin (sLF), nLF/Clin, or sLF/Clin. Oxidation caused in the intestinal cells of the ileum of animals subjected to different treatments was analyzed, focusing on lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl content. The expression of inflammatory mediators was determined by qRT-PCR. Treatment with Clin did not modify lipid peroxidation, but significantly increased protein carbonyl levels up to almost 5-fold respect to the control, an effect that was reversed by orally administering sLF to mice. Furthermore, Clin increased the expression of interleukin-6 and TNF-α by 1- and 2-fold change, respectively. This effect was reversed by treatment with nLF and sLF, decreasing the expression to basal levels. In conclusion, this study indicates that lactoferrin can prevent some of the effects of Clin on intestinal cells and their associated immune system
El declive del paisaje de viñedo según la cartografía histórica: el caso de la comarca de Calatayud (Aragón) en el siglo XX
No full textEl objetivo es analizar la evolución del paisaje de viñedo en la comarca de Calatayud a lo largo del siglo xx. Las principales fuentes de información son el Mapa Topográfico Nacional y el Mapa de Cultivos y Aprovechamientos de España. Para la toma de datos y su tratamiento se han utilizado el sistema de información geográfica QGIS y el lenguaje de programación Python. El viñedo ha pasado a ser un elemento marginal del paisaje, habiéndose constatado su desaparición en los fondos de valle y terrenos llanos y su pervivencia y relocalización en laderas no aptas para otros usos
Influence of brightness artefacts on corneal densitometry
No full textPurpose
To quantify objectively the influence of brightness artefacts inherent in Scheimpflug tomography on corneal densitometry (CD) estimates.
Methods
Fifty-seven healthy participants aged 30.9 ± 13.7 years (range 17–60 years) were examined with a Ziemer Galilei G2 Scheimpflug tomographer. Images were automatically segmented to isolate the cornea, iris, crystalline lens and corneoscleral lateral brightness regions. CD was calculated as the corneal mean pixel intensity (MPI). Statistical analysis explored the relationship between brightness artefacts and CD across different corneal layers, while also considering age and biometric parameters such as anterior chamber depth and pupil size.
Results
Brightness artefacts accounted for 6.56 ± 1.93% of the pixels in the images, with lateral brightness being the largest source of noise (4.19 ± 0.97%). A strong positive correlation was found between CD and overall brightness artefacts (r = 0.57, p < 0.001). Age was also significantly correlated with both CD (r = 0.65, p < 0.001) and brightness (r = 0.29, p = 0.01). Mediation analysis revealed that age accounts for 60.0% of CD variability, while brightness artefacts contributed 40.0%. Brightness artefacts had the strongest effect on the corneal periphery beyond 7.5 mm as well as the stromal layer.
Conclusion
Brightness artefacts significantly influence CD estimates, particularly in the peripheral cornea. Accurate quantification of these artefacts is essential for proper clinical assessment of corneal transparency, especially in older populations. Future research should focus on identifying the specific sources of artefacts to refine CD measurement techniques
Wildfire impacts on Spanish municipal population
No full textThis paper analyzes the impact that different kinds of wildfires exert on population size of Spanish municipalities covering the 1986–2015 period, using recent developments in difference-in-differences estimation methods. The goal of the methodology is dealing with different wildfire events on several municipalities by considering as the initial time the first wildfire for all of them. Qualitative and quantitative effects are analyzed. Severity is measured as qualitative indicator by two ways. First, as major agricultural areas affected by dividing the sample in four quartiles according to the extension of the burned agricultural area. Second, as the highest proportion of total burned areas over total municipal area as measure of the rising closeness to the urban nuclei. The repetition of wildfires is used as a quantitative measurement by adding the number of all different wildfires officially recognized occurring during the studied period. The results show that higher severity and repetition lead to less population and a later possible recovery. There are around 260 less inhabitants on average after at least one severe wildfire (around 10–510 less residents with 95% confidence interval). This finding suggests that, as it is also the case of other types of shocks, the effects of wildfires on the urban structure are permanent when they are large enough. Policy implications include a better education and sensitization on the environmental care, not building in wildfire-prone areas and improved alert systems. A better human–nature symbiosis is needed (for instance, employing extensive animal farms for cleaning the grass) for preventing fires
The economic and environmental impact of limiting air routes where there is a rail alternative: a case study of Spain
Get PDFThe current Spanish government pact includes a measure aimed at restricting domestic flights on routes where a rail alternative is available with a duration of less than 2.5 h. This measure aligns with similar initiatives undertaken by neighbouring countries, with the French model serving as a prominent example. In this study, we quantify the economic and environmental impacts of this policy using input–output analysis, taking into account the current post-COVID trends in the Spanish air and rail sectors. Given the lack of specific implementation details within the measure, we have developed several scenarios to explore its potential application both presently and in the future. The results indicate that while such measures negatively affect the aviation value chain, these adverse impacts are largely mitigated by the substitution with rail transport. Trains emerge as a superior alternative for reducing emissions, given their relatively low environmental impact. The various scenarios demonstrate significant differences in outcomes, underscoring the importance of the chosen implementation strategy in determining the overall impact of the measure