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Tbs-maatregel en publieke opinie in Nederland:kwantitatieve bevindingen
No full textSocial opinions towards persons deemed not guilty by reason of insanity can have a considerable influence on the process of rehabilitation of those persons. For future destigmatisation campaigns, it is important to investigate how these attitudes can be reduced. The Insanity Defense Attitude-Revised (IDA-R) scale was used to gauge the general population’s opinion (N=245) about the insanity defense and people declared not guilty by reason of insanity. Further, this study explored the possibility of psychoeducation as a potential means of changing these attitudes. Social opinion was generally neutral to positive, with higher educated and younger people being more positive. Psychoeducation was shown to reduce stigma slightly, though its overall impact was limited. To enhance public understanding and support reintegration efforts, policymakers and mental health professionals should prioritize accessible, evidence-based information about the insanity defense. Targeted educational initiatives, especially for older populations who may be less receptive to attitude change, could be integrated into broader mental health awareness campaigns
Exploring the links between dissociative experiences, schemas, modes, and coping
No full textThis study explored the relationships between dissociative experiences, childhood trauma, maladaptive schemas, schema modes, and schema coping in a nonclinical sample. Three theoretical models were tested: (1) dissociative experiences resulting from schema mode activation, (2) dissociative experiences as an innate trait shaping schema coping, and (3) dissociative experiences arising from childhood trauma that influence coping strategies. Data from 401 Dutch psychology students were analyzed using path analyses to compare model fit. While all models showed good fit, Model 2 emerged as the best based on AIC and BIC values. This model linked dissociative experiences to avoidance and surrender coping styles and specific schema modes, such as the punitive parent and detached self-soother. Findings suggest dissociative experiences shape responses to schema-related stress through disengagement or immersion. Future research in clinical populations is recommended to further explore these dynamics and their therapeutic relevance.</p
How important are user-generated data for search result quality?
No full textDo search engines produce better results because their algorithms are better or because they can access more data from past searches? We document that the algorithm of a small search engine can produce nonpersonalized results that are of similar quality to those of the dominant firm (Google) for certain types of search queries. Overall differences in the quality of search results are explained by searches for rare queries, which constitute 74 percent of the traffic in our data. We conduct an experiment in which we keep the algorithm of a small search engine fixed and only vary the amount of data it uses as input. Our results show that giving small search engines access to more data about rare queries improves the quality of their results. This suggests that mandatory data sharing by large search engines is a necessary condition, yet probably not a sufficient one, to increase competition in the search market
Charities in the picture: the evaluation of the ANBI scheme and the government's response to it
No full textDe evaluatie van de ANBI-regeling bevat interessante onderwerpen, al is zij deels ook eenzijdig. Positief zijn naar de mening van de auteurs aanbevelingen over de regeling voor ex-ANBI’s en voor informatievoorziening. De evaluatie mist onder meer aandacht voor enige knelpunten in de uitvoering van de nuttoets, waardoor de regeling minder doeltreffend wordt. Ze bevelen aan uitvoering en toezicht beter te laten aansluiten op de oorspronkelijke ANBI-doelstellingen
Perspectives on social interaction science:From a multilevel multi-timescale computational architecture for synchrony-induced and homophily-induced attunement to designing bonding bots
No full textIn this paper a generic computational architecture for social interaction adaptivity and attunement is presented that was developed based on unification of a number of specific case studies addressed earlier. This architecture describes a generic multilevel multi-timescale adaptive dynamical system and is formalised and represented as a multi-order self-modeling network. It is shown how this architecture covers different earlier case studies addressing social interaction adaptivity and attunement subsuming synchrony- or homophily-induced adaptivity. Moreover, it is shown how based on it a new application to the design of bonding bots is realised that supports interpersonal emotion regulation via adaptive human-bot interaction and attunement
Using generative AI to increase sceptics’ engagement with climate science
No full textClimate scepticism remains an important barrier to public engagement with accurate climate information, because sceptics often actively avoid information that contains climate science facts. There still lacks a scalable, repeatable intervention to boost sceptics’ engagement with climate information. Here we show that generative artificial intelligence can enhance engagement with climate science among sceptical audiences by subtly modifying headlines to reduce anticipated disagreement, regret and negative emotions, without compromising factual integrity. Headlines of climate science articles modified by an open-source large language model led to more bookmarks and more upvotes, and these effects were strongest among the most sceptical participants. Participants who engaged with climate science as a result of this intervention showed a shift in beliefs towards alignment with the scientific consensus. These results show that generative artificial intelligence can alter the information diet sceptics consume and holds promise for advancing public understanding of science when responsibly deployed by well-intentioned actors
The link between 1-norm approximation and effective positivstellensatze for the hypercube
No full textThe Schmudgen Positivstellensatz gives a certificate to verify positivity of a strictly positive polynomial f on a compact, basic, semi-algebraic set K subset of R-n. A Positivstellensatz of this type is called effective if one may bound the degrees of the polynomials appearing in the certificate in terms of properties of f. If K = [-1, 1](n) and 0 < f(min) := min(x is an element of K) f (x), then the degrees of the polynomials appearing in the certificate may be bounded by O(root f(max )- f(min/)f(min)), where f(max) := max(x is an element of K) f (x), as was recently shown by fmin Laurent and Slot [Optimization Letters 17:515-530, 2023]. The big-O notation suppresses dependence on n and the degree d of f. In this paper we show a similar result, but with a better dependence on n and d. In particular, our bounds depend on the 1-norm of the coefficients of f, that may readily be calculated
Operations & supply chain management:Principles and practice
No full textOperations and Supply Chain Management (OSCM) has continually evolved, incorporating a broad array of strategies, frameworks, and technologies to address complex challenges across industries. This encyclopedic article provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary strategies, tools, methods, principles, and best practices that define the field's cutting-edge advancements. It also explores the diverse environments where OSCM principles have been effectively implemented. The article is meant to be read in a nonlinear fashion. It should be used as a point of reference or first-port-of-call for a diverse pool of readers: academics, researchers, students, and practitioners
"Have you not read this Scripture?":Memory Variation and Context-Based Modification in the Old Testament Quotations in the Gospel of Mark
Get PDFIn the study presented in this thesis, Hans Lammers sets out to answer the question which Old Testament (OT) version was used by the Markan Evangelist as the source of his scriptural quotations.Next, he observes that in most cases, the text of the quotations in Mark deviates from that in the OT source used. Whereas scholars usually ascribe the observed variation to the use of variant versions of the OT text that are no longer extant, Lammers offers a different explanation. He argues that the Markan author quoted the OT from memory, a process in the course of which a considerable portion of the observed variation was generated. This explanation requires us to modify current views of evangelists sifting through biblical books from which they copy certain passages. Lammers suggests that another part of the observed variation may be the result of conscious adaptation of OT quotations making them better serve the purpose of supporting the Gospel’s message. By means of four case studies, he tries to demonstrate how views of Jesus developed in the Markan Gospel may have prompted the Evangelist to alter OT quotations, a practice for which he proposes the designation context-based modification.In het onderzoek dat beschreven wordt in dit proefschrift gaat Hans Lammers op zoek naar het antwoord op de vraag welke versie van het Oude Testament door de evangelist Marcus werd gebruikt als bron voor de Schriftcitaten in zijn evangelie. Vervolgens stelt hij vast dat de tekst van de citaten in Marcus in de meeste gevallen afwijkt van die van de geciteerde teksten in de gebruikte versie van het Oude Testament. Waar onderzoekers deze variatie gewoonlijk toeschrijven aan het gebruik van variante versies van de tekst van het Oude Testament die verloren zijn gegaan, stelt Lammers een andere verklaring voor: Marcus heeft het Oude Testament uit zijn hoofd geciteerd en daarbij is een aanzienlijk deel van de variatie ontstaan. Deze verklaring vereist een aanpassing van het traditionele beeld waarbij evangelisten worden afgebeeld te midden van bijbelboeken waaruit zij passages overschrijven. Een ander deel van de waargenomen variatie zou volgens Lammers het gevolg kunnen zijn van bewuste aanpassing van Oude Testament citaten zodat ze de boodschap die het evangelie wil overbrengen beter ondersteunen. In een viertal case studies probeert hij aan te tonen hoe visies op Jezus die in het Marcusevangelie worden ontwikkeld aanleiding kunnen zijn geweest voor Marcus om Oude Testament citaten aan te passen, een gebruik waarvoor hij de benaming context-based modification voorstelt.<br/