232451 research outputs found
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Keeping one's job … but potentially losing job quality?:qualitative job insecurity as an explanatory mechanism between short-time work schemes and well-being
No full textIn Western countries, short-time work schemes (STW) are being increasingly used to protect employees from job loss during economic crises (e.g., the COVID-19 pandemic). While well intended, these schemes could have a potential dark side: Based on insights from the transactional theory of stress and coping, we hypothesize (H1) that STW may contribute to perceptions of qualitative job insecurity, which in turn may relate to lower well-being (i.e. job satisfaction and psychological distress). A key strength of this study is its focus on work-related situational factors at both organization- and industry-levels (i.e., contract type, managerial position, sector of activity) that may influence employees' reactions. We hypothesize (H2) that STW may be particularly stressful for those who typically experience greater job security, as uncertainty may be more disruptive for them. These employees may feel more insecure following STW, which may later be associated with lower well-being. Structural equation modelling and bootstrapping analyses (H1), as well as multigroup analyses (H2) were conducted on data collected during the COVID-19 pandemic among Belgian employees (N = 1,840) at two points, two months apart. Results largely supported our hypotheses. This suggests that STW may have a potential dark side, particularly for individuals accustomed to greater job stability
Conditions of project knowledge transfer events:A qualitative exploration of configurations
No full textTransferring project knowledge is challenging due to the temporary nature of projects and the intense focus on meeting technical demands and milestones. Therefore, project participants must carefully determine which circumstances support or obstruct the transfer. This exploratory study aims to advance our understanding of whether specific conditions exist that hinder or facilitate project knowledge transfer, and whether different configurations of these conditions can support the project knowledge transfer event. From the analysis, a range of conditions could be identified. Furthermore, three configurations, labelled as formalistic, authoritative, and interactive configurations, were observed that supported the project knowledge transfer events. Each configuration combines specific features of actor relationships, transfer tools and techniques, and facilitators such as co-location in distinct ways, all leading to the acceptance of the transferred knowledge.The paper contributes to the further development of configurational thinking on project-level knowledge transfer and learning. It concludes with several implications for practitioners and policymakers
A filtering response time concealed information test for searching for relevant concealed items
No full textThe response time concealed information test can reveal whether a person recognizes a relevant concealed item among others based on slower responses. This method also has a hitherto scarcely researched potential for searching for an unknown probe. We introduce a design for efficiently searching through any number of items. In Study 1 ( N = 260), we tested a conventional test design with 10 items. Using these data, we developed a new design with a filtering mechanism that dynamically removes items live during the task as soon as proven unlikely to be the relevant item. The filtering design, assessed in Study 2 ( N = 260), took substantially less time (∼17 vs. ∼7 min), while being at least similarly efficient in correctly identifying the probe (30.03.1. Our filtering design offers a time‐efficient, scalable, adaptive tool for identifying unknown concealed information among multiple suspected probes, with broad real‐world application
Interesting facts Charities Autumn 2025 – an update
No full textHet jaar 2025 bracht veel nieuws voor algemeen nut beogende instellingen (anbi’s): het onderzoek naar familiestichtingen, de evaluatie van de anbi-regeling en de kabinetsreactie op beide onderzoeken, het nieuwe Besluit ANBI, de wettelijke regeling voor de twee portals in het door de Tweede Kamer aangenomen wetsvoorstel Fiscale verzamelwet 2026, het door de Tweede Kamer aangenomen wetsvoorstel Wet transparantie en tegengaan ondermijning door maatschappelijke organisaties en het terugdraaien van de btw-verhoging voor cultuur in het wetsvoorstel Wet behoud verlaagd btw-tarief op cultuur, media en sport (pakket Belastingplan 2026). Deze bijdrage is gewijd aan al deze voor de praktijk relevante fiscale ontwikkelingen die anbi’s raken
Tbs-maatregel en publieke opinie in Nederland:kwantitatieve bevindingen
No full textSocial opinions towards persons deemed not guilty by reason of insanity can have a considerable influence on the process of rehabilitation of those persons. For future destigmatisation campaigns, it is important to investigate how these attitudes can be reduced. The Insanity Defense Attitude-Revised (IDA-R) scale was used to gauge the general population’s opinion (N=245) about the insanity defense and people declared not guilty by reason of insanity. Further, this study explored the possibility of psychoeducation as a potential means of changing these attitudes. Social opinion was generally neutral to positive, with higher educated and younger people being more positive. Psychoeducation was shown to reduce stigma slightly, though its overall impact was limited. To enhance public understanding and support reintegration efforts, policymakers and mental health professionals should prioritize accessible, evidence-based information about the insanity defense. Targeted educational initiatives, especially for older populations who may be less receptive to attitude change, could be integrated into broader mental health awareness campaigns
Neurocognitive outcomes in patients with brain metastases:a systematic review
No full textMultimodality therapy, including surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic therapy, has significantly improved overall survival for patients with brain metastases. However, treatment-related neurocognitive sequelae remain a major challenge in survivorship. Although advances in radiotherapy delivery techniques have reduced toxicity, the potential interaction with chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, and the consequent effect on neurocognitive outcomes is poorly characterised. We conducted a systematic review of clinical trials reporting neurocognitive endpoints in patients with brain metastases receiving radiotherapy with or without other concurrent systemic therapies. Neurocognitive outcomes were manually extracted from published reports. 39 studies from 1997 to 2024 involving 6617 patients met inclusion criteria (n=27 whole-brain radiotherapy; n=12 radiosurgery), including six studies evaluating combined-modality therapy. Baseline neurocognitive disability was frequently observed, and the majority of randomised trials evaluating advanced radiotherapy delivery techniques (hippocampal avoidance and radiosurgery) compared with whole-brain radiotherapy reported reduced cognitive decline and improved quality of life. There was no signal for increased toxicity with combined-modality therapy, including radiotherapy with concurrent systemic therapy, although evaluable trials were few in number. Given improvements in survival for patients with brain metastases, characterisation of long-term neurocognitive outcomes is growing in importance. There is an urgent need for targeted research to resolve evidence gaps around modality-specific neurocognitive toxicity and optimal sequencing of therapies. Systemic issues, such as integration of routine neuropsychological screening or assessment and incorporation of rehabilitation strategies into neuro-oncology care pathways, warrant evaluation. Exploration of emerging strategies, ranging from neuroprotectants to dose-sparing radiotherapy techniques, could further mitigate long-term adverse effects
Effects of a 12-week intrinsic foot muscle strengthening program (STIFF) on gait, balance and concerns about falling in physically active older adults:An assessor-blinded randomized-controlled trial
No full textBackground: Falling is a major concern in the ageing population. Strengthening the plantar intrinsic foot muscles (PIFM) may improve gait and balance in older adults and, therefore, may have potential for fall prevention.Research question: The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of a PIFM strengthening program on gait, balance and functional outcomes in older adults.Methods: For this assessor-blinded RCT, older adults (> 65 years) with potentially increased fall risk were recruited at functional exercise classes and randomly assigned to an intervention (12-week supervised and progressive PIFM strengthening program) and a control group. The trial outcomes were between-group differences in mean change from baseline in maximum gait speed (primary outcome), balance during gait, foot and ankle biomechanics during gait and concerns about falling and within-group differences in capacity and strength of foot muscles.Results: Thirty-three participants were included. No between group differences were found for change in maximum gait speed. However, the intervention group showed a larger reduction in concerns about falling. In addition, the intervention group showed increased capacity and strength of foot muscles, but this was not related to other findings.Significance: This study did not show an effect of PIFM strengthening training on maximum gait speed in older adults who are involved in a functional exercise program. However, it seems to reduce concerns about falling. This advocates further research on the benefits of integrating PIFM strengthening exercises in functional exercise programs. In addition, future studies are needed to unravel the mechanism behind the reduction in concerns about falling
Bescherming van de persoon in de Grondwet:Een voorstel tot modernisering
No full textAanhoudende technologische en digitale ontwikkelingen zijn typerend voor deze tijd. In een wereld van data, AI en massale technische verbondenheid, moet worden onderzocht hoe nieuwe en opkomende technologieën invloed kunnen hebben op grondrechten. Om een meer duurzame en betekenisvolle grondrechtelijke bescherming van de persoon, waaronder diens persoonlijke levenssfeer, in een hoogtechnologische samenleving te waarborgen, wordt in dit artikel voorgesteld om twee algemene, complementaire grondrechten in de Grondwet op te nemen: (1) een aangepast algemeen grondrecht op privacy en (2) een nieuw algemeen grondrecht op persoonlijke integriteit. Niet alleen zouden deze twee voorgestelde bepalingen een groter bereik hebben dan de bestaande privacy-grondrechten maar ook zullen zij, wegens hun meer open en kernachtige formulering, beter in staat zijn in te spelen op de uitdagingen waarvoor huidige en toekomstige technologieën individu en samenleving stellen
