Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika
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A Brief Description of Recovery Process of Coastal Vegetation after Tsunami: A Google Earth time-series remote sensing data
Get PDFThe recovery of land cover/use after the disaster is sometimes disorderly, especially in developing countries. It is necessary to continuously monitor the progress of land cover/use recovery after disaster in order to sustain vegetation around estuarine and coastal areas. The purpose of this study was to assess the recovery progress of vegetation around estuarine and coastal areas after the Indian Ocean tsunami using a simplified method which consisting Google Earth and visual photo interpretation. Vegetation areas were able to be detected with high accuracy (80%−100%) using simplified method which consisting Google Earth and visual photo interpretation. We were able to show that all most of area including mangrove forests recovered relatively smoothly. However, the area which has a large vegetation areas have not enough recovered, which reached to half or less than half compare with before tsunami. This may be significant in affecting the role of the coastal ecosystem and bioshield. A large number of small mangrove patches (less than 0.1 ha) were able to found around ponds, a number that rapidly increased after the tsunami. Some site in 2013 was double that in 2004. Fish farmers might have planted them for supplying nutrients to ponds and maintain the water quality. Dozen years have passed since the 2004 tsunami, and it might be time to more focus on the recovery of large vegetation area
Characteristic of Orangutan Habitat in Coal Mining Rehabilition Area in East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Get PDFThe majority of wild orangutans are found outside of the protected areas, including in coal mining areas which generally overlapping with orangutan habitat. Thereby, mining ensured a direct impact on orangutans. Opportunities orangutans to survive in the mining area depends on various factors, one of them is the ability of orangutan to adapt to habitat change. We investigated habitat characteristics in the coal mining area consist of land cover types, species composition, and the structure of vegetation. Data were collected from April to September 2014 in the coal mining rehabilitation area (CMRA) of PT KPC in East Kutai. Mining caused the natural habitat fragmented into smaller patches in the form of CMRA and natural forests remaining. The forest stand in CMRA compiled by the small trees of the same species and age class. It caused the canopy is not always continue. Food trees and nest trees were limited in CMRA. Exotic species dominated in CMRA, namely: Senna siamea, Falcataria moluccana, and Senna surattensis. CMRA is not the good habitat for orangutan if seen from the aspect of either structure or vegetation composition. The quality of habitat can be improved by modifying the structure and vegetation composition, build the ecosystem corridors, increase public awareness, and involve various stakeholders at the landscape level
Independent Smallholder Oil Palm Expansion and Its Impact On Deforestation: Case Study in Kampar District, Riau Province, Indonesia
Get PDFIndependent smallholders who manage their own oil palm plantations without receiving technical assistance and agricultural inputs from oil palm estates or government have been increasing rapidly in Indonesia in recent years. However the magnitude of their impacts on tropical forest deforestation remains largely unevaluated. The objective of this study was to explore the history of land use, and the changes in land cover and status since the onset of oil palm plantation activities. The study was conducted from March to April 2016. Surveys were carried out in 30 ha of independent smallholder oil palm in Kampar District, Riau Province. To identify the land status, the Agreed functional forest classification (TGHK) and Provincial land use planning (RTRWP) maps were overlaid on images of the area of independent smallholder oil palm. Landsat images three years before oil palm was established were used to assess forest cover changes. Furthermore, oil palm smallholders and elders of the local community in the research area were interviewed to identify land use prior to oil palm. Our results showed that, based on land status, 47% of the area of independent smallholders’ oil palm derived from logged forest; that is the land changed in status from forest to oil palm plantation. The other 53% of oil palm area derived from non-forested land. The land use history before the establishment of independent smallholder oil palm mostly comprised general-purpose field activities and former forest-felling (forest concessions). The land cover before conversion into oil palm comprised rubber plantation, secondary forest, and shrub cover. From the results of our survey, we conclude that most of the oil palm plantations planted between 1990 and 2002 have their origins not in primary forest, but rather in degraded secondary forest, former fields, and shrub-land. These results imply that conversion of forest area into oil palm plantations is not the direct cause of deforestation in the tropical forests of Kampar, Riau Province
The Refusal of Livestock Owners Towards Exclusion Policy In Protected Area
Get PDFDevelopment of protected forest is often considered to be a way to preserve biodiversity and ecosystem service. To keep protected area, Indonesia government excludinged local people from protected forest by making a policy which prohibits grazing on protected forest. However, the success of protected forest management often depends on the perception of local people because the policy has affected livestock owners who have an interest in forest use. Exclusion of local people from protected forest leads loss of people income and unemployment. This study applied a socioeconomic approach to examine and analyze the livestock owner perception on forest grazing prohibition in Timor Island of Indonesia by conducting a household survey of 36 livestock owners. The study results showed that 30.6%, 50.0%, 19.4%, 0%, and 0% of livestock owners are totally disagree, disagree, neutral, agree, and totally agree, with grazing prohibition, respectively. In addition, people perception was significantly affected by the number of livestock owned by people. It means that livestock owners mostly reject the policy on grazing prohibition. Indeed policy which prohibits grazing on the protected forest is not effective to be implemented. Government and policy maker should review the policy and consider the refusal of livestock owner toward exclusion policy. The interest of local people should be considered in developing a policy on protected forest
Prediction of The Spread of Acacia nilotica Invasive Species Using Generalized Linear Models
No full textAcacia nilotica is an invasive species in the Baluran National Park. The spread of A. nilotica is a serious threat that can disrupt the function of savanna ecosystems in providing food for herbivores and eventually led to a decrease in wildlife populations of herbivorous. The growth of A. nilotica invasive species is influenced by some environmental factors. In order to prevent the spread of A. nilotica, a model can be formed to prodict the species distribution based on the environmental factors namely generalized linear models. This research used the data from Siswoyo’s research in 2014, which consisted of environmental data and distribution of A. nilotica. The results showed that there were five environmental variables that significantly affect on the spread of A. nilotica invasive species. The variables included elevation, surface temperature, normalized difference vegetation index, normalized difference moisture index, and the distance from the river, with p-value less than 0.05. The accuracy of the prediction model on the spread of A. nilotica using GLM was 97.22% and the Area Under Curve (AUC) value was 0.981.
Assessment of Natural Resources and Local Community Participationin Nature-Based Tourism of Wehea Forest, East Kalimantan
Get PDFWehea forest is a highland of tropical rain forest on East Kutai Regency in East Kalimantan. The community especially Wehea ethnic in Nehas Liah Bing Village is well known for their traditional wisdom in utilizing the forest resources. Wehea Forest Area is a cluster of Maput and Pendreh land systems, and both land systems are irregular hilly regions that have steep to very steep slopes. Because of the uniqueness of biodiversity, landscapes, and traditional wisdom of Wehea ethnic the forest has been declared as forest reserve. This study aimed to assess the natural resources, culture, and participation local community as potential for nature based turism development. The result showed that the Wehea forest has biodiversity of flora dan fauna. Species of flora which are often founded are families of Dipterocarpaceae, Annonaceae, Lauraceae, etc. Fauna potentials are not less important and interesting than flora ones. There are several species which have endangered and protected status. The uniqueness of natural forest landscape really supports to various ecotourism activities. Wehea forest wealth also comes from local community presence. Their awareness is relatively high about Wehea forest existence, especially communities in Nehas Liah Bing. Dayak ethnic of Wehea forest has unique culture to be developed as tourist attraction. Dayak ethnic communities in Miau Baru are Kenyah and then community in Makmur Jaya which was once a transmigration village of Java ethnic. Both communities in the village are familiar about the Wehea forest existence. Culture value diversity, awareness, and participation of local communities become strong capital to develop natural based turism and are expected to contribute to economic diversification region
Changes in Land Use/Land Cover Patterns in Indonesia’s Border and their Relation to Population and Poverty
Get PDFThis study analyzes the pattern and change of land use and land cover (LULC) during 2000−2015 and its relation to population and poverty in the semi-arid region of Indonesia in Timor Island, on the country border to Republic Dominica Timor Leste (RDTL). The analyzes employ visual interpretation using GIS to aid classification of Landsat imagery and find 14 classes of LULC. The matrix of LULC change for the 15 years period indicates a substantial deforestation in which 1,309 ha or 13% of the forest in year 2000 has disappeared. In detail, 2 ha (7%) of primary mangrove forest has became mixed farming and 1,307 ha (19%) of secondary forest has become shrub. Within the nonforest classification, 1,288 ha (17%) of shrub in 2000 has turned into savannah, and 15 ha (10%) of shrub swamp has turned into bare land, while at the same time human settlement has expanded by 118% from the settlement area in year 2000. Spatial pattern of LULC changes in the study area for 15 years are dispersed, and tend to remained in the middle area that dominated by mix agriculture. The forest cover is weakly associated with level of poverty and rural population in the study area. However, the two latter variables were not significantly associated with deforestation
Changes in Hydrological Response of Forest Conversion to Agroforestry and Rainfed Agriculture in Renggung Watershed, Lombok, Eastern Indonesia
Get PDFForest is an ideal ecosystem for a hydrological cycle, however converting forests to agroforestry or rainfed agriculture is inevitable. This study elaborates a hydrological response of infiltration, runoff, and soil moisture in three land uses at Renggung watershed. Field measurements were conducted in 2014−2015 in those system with soil types of entisols at upstream, inceptisols at the middle, and vertisols at downstream. Results showed that constant infiltration rate at upstream in forest was 55.6 cm hr-1, in 15−30 years agroforestry was 32.4 cm hr-1 on average and in rainfed was 26.4 cm hr-1. Infiltration in agroforestry at the middle and downstream was 16.8 cm hr-1 and 11.2 cm hr-1, respectively, while in rainfed was 2.4 cm hr-1 and 4.8 cm hr-1. Runoff at upstream with 29.3 mm hr-1 rainfall in forest was zero, in agroforestry was 0.026 mm hr-1 and in rainfed was 0.071 mm hr-1. Runoff in agroforestry at the middle and downstream with 37.1 mm hr-1 and 23.8 mm hr-1 rainfall were 0.045 mm hr-1, and 0.026 mm hr-1. There was a half and one third of that in rainfed. Soil water content in successive order from high to low was in forest, agroforestry, and rainfed. So, capacity of agroforestry in sustaining the hydrology cycle was in between forests and rainfed agriculture.
