Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika
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Life Cycle Assessment of Wood Pellet Product at Korintiga Hutani company, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
No full textClimate change has forced human being to adapt in fulfilling their energy needs sustainably. In Indonesia, forestry activities has been considered as an emission rather than carbon sink. This study aims to analyze the inputs, outputs, and potential environmental impacts of wood pellet production in a forest company using life cycle assessment (LCA). The wood pellet is made from Eucalyptus pellita plantation. Analysis was made for 1 planting cycle or 6 years, and allometric equations were used to estimate the ability of industrial timber plantation forest to absorb CO2. Production of wood pellet starting from plantation requires inputs as follows: diesel fuel, electricity, NPK and other fertilizers, pesticides, and electrical energy. Those inputs produced emissions, of which the largest was N2O of 551.2927 kg, followed by NH3 of 7.5275 kg generated from NPK fertilizer. Another was PO43- amounted at 0.1792–0.2229 kg from liquid fertilizers and pesticides. Potential acidification came from 13.3675 kg SO2 eq, and eutrophication of 0.4021 kg PO43- eq. The greenhouse gas (GHG) emission was 678.0270 kg CO2 eq from the plantation activities, especially from diesel-based energy consumption, while wood pellet mills only released 0.1053 kg CO2 eq of GHG emissions. Thus, total emissions from 6 years\u27 time of wood pellet production are much lower compared to the average CO2 absorbed by the plantation forest, of which annually is 36.34–67.69 ton ha-1year-1
Soil Organic Carbon in Forest and Other Land Use Types at Bengkulu City, Indonesia
Get PDFConversion of natural forest into agricultural land uses has decreased soil organic carbon (SOC) and increased carbon emission into the atmosphere, but proper management of agricultural land can sequester carbon from the atmosphere and increase the SOC. This study was conducted to estimate the SOC content and storage in a forest, agroforestry land, oil palm plantation, and agricultural experimental field and to analyze the correlation between the SOC and other soil characteristics at Bengkulu City, Indonesia. Soil were sampled from the following depths: 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–30 cm. The biomass of litter and ground cover was also sampled. This study found that the forest had the highest average SOC content from the three depths, and 0–30 cm depth SOC storage, while the agroforestry system had the lowest of both SOC content and storage. The 0–10 cm depth had the highest SOC content and storage, while the 20–30 cm depth had the lowest of both variables. The SOC was positively correlated with litter biomass, field capacity, exchangeable potassium, cation exchange capacity, and negatively correlated with bulk density and exchangeable calcium, but not correlated with total nitrogen and available phosphorus. High litter biomass input is the key to the maintenance of high SOC
Traditional Farmers of Wamena Tribes in Jayapura-Indonesia
Get PDFTraditional agriculture has a relationship with the culture of the local community that is the norms agreed upon by the ancestors related to the use of natural resources to meet the needs of daily life. This article aims to describe the traditional agricultural process of the Wamena people in Jayapura, Indonesia. The perspective used in analyzing traditional agricultural processes was the perspective of sustainable livelihoods of traditional communities in a development context. This research was done in a descriptive-qualitative manner by using primary and secondary data. The primary data was obtained from in-depth interviews. Meanwhile, the secondary data was obtained from observations and document studies. The results indicate that the traditional agricultural process of the Wamena Tribe in Jayapura was able to maintain the livelihoods of traditional communities based on the principles of sustainable development. This could be seen from several stages, such as access to land resources, land ownership, agrarian social relations, and gender issues in the division of traditional agricultural work of the Wamena people in Jayapura. This shows that the local wisdom in the cultural norms of the Wamena people could be used in environmentally friendly agricultural activities that did not have a conflict with the perspective of sustainable development. 
Local Wisdom in Animal Conservation and Animal Use as Medicine of Orang Rimba in Bukit Duabelas National Park, Jambi
No full textOrang Rimba is an ethnic group consisting of several indigenous groups that live in harmony with nature. This study aims to analyze the local wisdom in animal conservation and differences in the use of animals as medicines of Orang Rimba groups (Makekal, Air Hitam, and Terap groups). Data were collected through field observation and in-depth interviews with key persons. The results showed that local wisdom in animal conservation was indicated by the regulation in the use of animals through the stipulation that certain animals considered as gods must not be hunted, and that customary spaces use is prohibited. There were 68 animal species used for various needs, 20 species (29.41%) were used as medicines. The Makekal, Air Hitam, and Terap used 11 species, 9 species, and 4 species, respectively. Parts of animals used as medicines included the whole body, meat, bile, heart, and scale. They were used to treat various diseases such as fever, itchy, antidote, stamina, stomach ache, measles, heat sink, kidney diseases, asthma, and shortness of breath. The animals that were used as medicines included snake sapodilla (Malayopython reticulatus), porcupine (Hystris sumatrae), long-tailed monkey (Macaca fascicularis), javan pangolin (Manis javanica), three-striped squirrel (Callosciurus prevostii), cave bat (Chiroptera sp.), turtle/labi-labi (Dogania subplana), and tapah fish (Wallago attu). The local wisdom of Orang Rimba is indicated to changes such as the use of health facilities and modern medicines instead of animals as medicines and the shift of traditional orientation in animal use to the economy orientation
Conservation of Damar Mata Kucing (Shorea javanica): A Review on the Aspect of Trade System
Get PDFDamar mata kucing (Shorea javanica) is one of the non-timber forest products (NTFP)s that has been widely managed and utilized by local people around the Pesisir Barat Lampung Province. The majority of repong damar has been cut down, especially during the last 15 years. One of the reasons for decreasing community interest in managing repong dammar is the decreasing of dammar gum prices. This research aimed to analyze the market system of dammar cultivation in Pesisir Barat, Lampung Province. Descriptive analysis was used to determine the local community\u27s knowledge, skill, and opinion in the trading channel. For further analysis, marketing margin and farmers\u27 share were also used to analyze the price differentiation from the producer\u27s level to the consumer\u27s level. Based on the study results, there are three channels of the dammar gum market in Pesisir Barat Lampung. Most of the farmers (up to 85.71% of total) in Pekon Pahmungan use trading channels 1 and 2 to sell their harvested dammar. Meanwhile, based on the analysis of profit margin, it appears that farmers in channels 1 and 2 are trading actors that receive the lowest profit margin (IDR7,100 kg-1 and IDR8,100 kg-1) compared to trading channel 3 (IDR14,000 kg-1). Farmer\u27s share obtained by dammar farmers in this study was 55.30% on channel 1, 52.20% on channel 2, and 76.80% on channel 3. Livelihood, limitation on capital, lack of information and networking, knowledge and abilities to tree management and harvested dammar, knowledge of another use of dammar gum, and the ability to use technology directly affecting farmers\u27 position in the dammar gum trading system
Critical Factors and Institutional Role in Strengthening Capacity of National Parks: Analysis of Meru Betiri National Park, Indonesia Using Interpretative Structural Modeling
Get PDFThere are several factors suspected of ineffective rehabilitation and conservation of the Meru Betiri National Park. These important factors need to be identified to improve the management of the park. The purpose of this study was to identify and examine the relationship between the factors that influence the achievement of rehabilitation and conservation of the park. The method of this research used a systematic approach to be identified, analyzed, and explained the influential critical factors. Data and information collection was carried out through interviews with experts, management of Meru Betiri National Park, Jember Regency Government and then Focus Group Discussions with stakeholders and farmers. The information and data obtained were analyzed using Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM). The results showed the three critical factors in achieving the purpose of the programs, such as the synergy between the management of the park and Jember district government; availability of appropriate technology; and the development of institutional capacity for local communities, then the three critical factors of institutional role are Meru Betiri National Park; and Development Planning Agency of Jember Regency; and Higher Education. The implication of this study is a policy intervention is needed to improve the management of Meru Betiri National Park in the future. 
Guild Composition and Niche Overlap of Insectivorous Birds in Evergreen Rainforest
Get PDFA guild is a group of species that have similar requirements of resource and foraging behavior. The knowledge of insectivorous guild could explain foraging patterns, niche exploitation, and competition in a tropical forest. This information could help to monitor the forest by understanding the guild composition and their response to the habitat condition. In order to describe the guild composition and niche overlap of insectivorous birds, we observed all of the individual birds found foraging in the evergreen forest, Baluran National Park. Bray-Curtis similarity index and Pianka niche overlap index were used to analyze the data and grouping the birds into a guild. The cluster analysis consists of 27 bird species revealed 4 guilds: ground gleaner, foliage gleaner, aerial sallier, and bark prober. Based on species richness, foliage gleaner dominates the other groups while bark prober had the least species richness in the evergreen forest. The scarcities of feeding substrate affect guild existence and proved that the diversity of habitat substrate could affect the diversity of guild in an area. Ten congeneric species were found in this habitat and most of them are grouped into foliage gleaner. The junglefowl has the highest niche overlap than any other congeneric species. It seemed that the more specific the foraging substrate niche, the higher the competition among sympatric species. The level of congeneric/sympatric species competition could become the indicator to monitor a specific habitat or forest by understanding their niche partitioning, especially if the species is protected by the law. 
Mapping Multi Stakeholder Roles on Fire Management in Conservation Areas of Kuningan Regency
Get PDFForest fire was a persistent concern management in conservation areas of Mount Ciremai National Park (MCNP) and Kuningan Botanical Garden (KBG). Many of the forest fire was sparked by anthropogenic ignitions like careless fire use for extracting forest honey. This study aims to map multi stakeholder roles on fire management in conservation areas. Twenty-seven actors were interviewed to learn who are the fire actors and network. These multi stakeholders included government officials, local businessmen, non-governmental organizations and community members. Study site and data collection were carried out in seven villages around conservation areas from July to September 2019. The relationships between the actors were analyzed with the software Node XL Basic and Gephi 9.0.2 using the Social Network Analysis. Our results identify close relationships and strong connections to all actors of more than half (63.2%) but social or personal approach between all actors were still required. Head of MCNP, Head of KBG and Head of AKAR (Aktivitas Anak Rimba) acted as the important actors. To prevent the area from further fire occurrences, management authorities should establish mutual confidence and make other actors believe that heads of conservation areas are a solid team to prevent conservation areas from burning