Bionature (Journal)
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Identifikasi Tumbuhan Lumut di Kawasan Wisata Taman Nasional Bantimurung
Full text linkAbstract. This study aims to determine the types of mosses found in the Bantimurung National Park Tourism Area, especially on the riverbank sites to the entrance of Batu Caves. This research was conducted in June-August 2018. Exploration and collection of specimens was carried out using the roaming method. The specimens obtained were identified using a plant identification book. The results of this study indicate that there are five species of mosses found in the Bantimurung National Park Tourism Area, namely: Thuidium sp., Polytricum Commune, Aulacomnium palustre, Orthotrichum sp., And Ectropothecium sp. The five species come from different families. Keywords: moss, identification, bantimurung national park
Karakteristik Fragmen Gen Penyandi Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (COI) Hama Kepik Penghisap Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.)
Full text linkAbstract The purpose of this research is to know the character of partial sequences of the COI gene form fruit-sucking pest. The gene fragments were isolated using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) techniques with specific primers, HlpF and HlpR. Character of gene fragments observed were fragment size, nucleotide sequence, similiarity, restriction map, and hydrophobicity. The size of the fragment was determined by electrophoresis of PCR products, similarity values were determined by aligning the nucleotide sequence of the PCR product with the nucleotides present in GenBank, the restriction map determined by the RestrictionMapper program, and the hydrophobicity profile determined by the BioEdit program. The results showed that PCR yield fragment size 552 pb. The results of alignment analysis showed that PCR fragment had similarity of 88% with Helopeltis theivora, 87% with Helopeltis antonii, 87% with Helopeltis bradyi and 84% with Pacipeltis maesarum. Based on the results of the analysis using RestrictionMapper program shows partial sequences of the COI gene form fruit-sucking pest has 25 sites of restriction enzyme cutting which is class of type II endonuclease enzyme. The results of the hydrophobicity analysis using the BioEdit program indicate that the COI protein is hydrophilic and hydrophobic which shows the integrated COI protein on the membrane.Keywords: COI gene fragment, fruit-sucking pest, PCR, Cocoa Cro
Pengaruh Variasi Media terhadap Aktivitas Fitase Burkholderia Sp. Strain HF. 7
Full text linkAbstract. Cereals and legumes used as animal feed containing phytic acid which cannot be absorbed by the digestive tract of monogastric animals because phytic acid (C6H18O24P6) is an antinutrient that binds approximately 80% P in feed, also binds to proteins, vitamins and minerals (Mg++, Fe++, Zn++, Mn++, Ca++). Then, one option to overcome this problem is the application of phytase enzymes from various sources, including those produced by bacteria. Phytase enzymes can hydrolyse phytic acid in the feed. This study was aimed to determine the growth phase of Burkholderia sp. HF.7 and optimisation of production of phytase activity from variations of Phytate Production Media (PPM) media. This research used as a descriptive approach. The study design used a completely randomised design (CRD) with a factorial pattern consisting of 2 factors, each variation in phytate sources: calcium (Ca) phytate, rice bran, corn bran, and soybeans. Nitrogen source: (NH4) 2SO4, yeast extract, and peptone. Burkholderia sp. HF.7 Growth phase as a standard for phytase production is the 62-hour stationary phase with an OD value of 2.060 log/cell. The optimum phytase production in the variation of PPM media is soybean-peptone with a protein content value of 46.5 mg/mL and an activity value of 8.20 U/mL under conditions of pH 7 with incubation of 37oC for 62 hours. So, phytase activity produced by PPM of cereal crops has a higher current value compared to PPM Ca-phytate media with low activity value.Keywords: Burkholderia, Phytate, Phytase, enzymes
Analisis Vegetasi Herba Di Bukit Batu Putih dan Gunung Bulusaraung Dusun Bulu-Bulu Desa Tompobulu Resort Balocci Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung Kabupaten Pangkep
Full text linkAbstract. Descriptive research with survey method was performed to determine Importance Value Index (IVI), Richeness (S), Eveness Index (E), Diversity Index (H’), and Similarity Index (IS) of herb vegetation on White rock and Bulusaraung Mountain Bulu-bulu Countryside Balocci Resort Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park. Sampling were performed in two directions they are White rock and Bulusaraung Mountain. Transect placed with random. In each transect, 10 plots were made with 2 m x 2 m, placed criss-cross with alternating intervals with 8 m range between each plot. Each herb was counted and identified to species level. IVI of each herb were obtained from relative density, relative frequency and relative dominance. Results showed that 33 speciment, 5 identified by genus level and 28 identified by species level. Species with highest IVI in White rock were O. hirtellus, G. repens, A. compressus, C. prostrate dan C. cordifolium while the lowest were C. gigantea, N. hirsututa, C. sicyoides, P. mollissimum dan A. longiloba. Species of Bulusaraung Mountain with highest IVI were P. bettle, A. longiloba, A. unilaterale, C. rotundatus dan P. mollissimum whereas the least were Macrothelypteris sp., H. peduncularis, Aglaonema sp., Hedychium sp., dan Habenaria sp. BBPH net worth at 23 while the value of species richness in G. Bulsar by 25 species; equity indices in both areas classified as moderate; and high species diversity index at The Mount Bulusaraung otherwise being in the area BBPH. Value IS in the area of Bukit Batu Putih and Mount Bulusaraung relatively low.Keywords: importance value index, richeness, eveness index, diversity index, similarity index, bantimurung bulusaraung national park, herbs vegetation
Efektifitas Tanaman Jirangau (Acorus calamus) dan Tanaman Kangkung Air (Ipomoea aquatica) Dalam Menurunkan Kadar Amoniak (NH3) Pada Limbah Cair RSUD Kota Bitung
Full text linkAbstract. Ammonia in hospital wastewater comes from the process of reshuffling of amino acids by various types of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria (Aminullah et al, 2015). Large amounts of ammonia can be toxic and may interfere with aesthetics as they can produce a pungent odor and eutrophication in the surrounding area (Titiresmi and Sopiah, 2006). Therefore it takes innovation in lowering ammonia levels by using plants as biofilter. The purpose of this research is to see the effectiveness of Jirangau (Acorus calamus) and kangkung air (Ipomoea aquatica) plants in reducing ammonia (NH3) in RSUD wastewater from Bitung City. This research method is quasi-experiment with time series design. The main concern of this type of research is the effect of treatment. The results showed that the ammonia concentration at the beginning of the experiment was 3.18 mg / l. In Jirangau-covered containers, there was a decrease of ammonia content up to 0.025 mg / l (99.21%) on the 15th day and planted with water kangkung 0.042 mg / l (98.67%) on the 15th day. From these results, it is concluded that Jirangau plants are more effective than watercress plants in purifying ammonia levels in wastewater. It is therefore advisable to use aquatic plants in lowering the ammonia content in wastewater. Keywords: ammonia, jirangau, watercress
Persentase Mortalitas Ulat Grayak Terhadap Pemberian Ekstrak Daun Bunga Pukul Empat
Full text linkAbstract. Caterpillar grayak (Spodoptera litura) is one of the pests in various types of vegetable plants are polyphagous and have a wide range of hosts. One common way of controlling farmers to overcome Spodoptera litura attack is to use insecticide. The use of insecticides that are not rational will accelerate the occurrence of pest resistance against insecticides. An alternative is needed to develop biological products which are generally narrow-spectrum chemicals to target organisms. Flowers at four (Mirabilis jalapa) contain bioactive compounds that are toxic. M. Jalapa contains some secondary metabolite compounds such as saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and polyphenols. Based on the description above it is necessary to conduct a research to determine the percentage mortality of caterpillar grayak on giving the leaf extract at four o'clock flowers. The method used is leaf dipping methods and analysis with POLO-PC software. The results showed that 1.6% concentration of extract of M. jalapa can kill the number of larvae as much as 30 tails with a percentage of 75% within 48 hours. The LC50 value of mortality of M. jalapa extract on Spodoptera litura larvae was 0,507% (0,378-0,661 with p <0,05) with slope1,516 ± 0,318.Keywords: Bioinsecticides, Mirabilis jalapa, Spodoptera litura, Mortality
Identifikasi dan Uji Kemampuan Hidrolisis pada Bakteri Amilolitik dan Proteolitik yang Diisolasi dari Wadi, Makanan Khas Kalimantan Tengah
Full text linkAbstract. Wadi is a sort of traditional foods that made of fish from Dayak tribe in Central Kalimantan. Wadi is made by the addition of salt and lumu. People make wadi as a supply of side dishes during difficult seasons of fish and stock for farming, hunting, or collecting forest products. In wadi, there are several bacteria species that capable in degrading amylum and protein. The bacteria capability in amylum and protein degradation can be determined by calculating the hydrolysis index. The aims of this study are to: (1) identify the amylolytic bacteria and proteolytic bacteria species from wadi, (2) determine the amylum and protein hydrolysis index on each amylolytic bacteria and proteolytic bacteria species isolated from wadi, and (3) determine the amylolytic bacteria and proteolytic bacteria species that have the highest hydrolysis index. This research is descriptive explorative research. The research results showed that: (1) there were four isolates of amylolytic bacteria isolated from wadi, i.e: Enterobacter agglomerans, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Micrococcus varians, and there were five species of isolated proteolytic bacteria from wadi, i.e: Enterobacter agglomerans, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Nitrococcus mobilis, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Micrococcus varians, (2) the amylum hydrolysis index of Enterobacter agglomerans is 3.77; on Pseudomonas fluorescens is 3.00; on Acinetobacter baumannii is 4.16; and on Micrococcus varians is 7.23. The protein hydrolysis index of Enterobacter agglomerans is 3.22; on Pseudomonas fluorescens is 2.25; on Nitrococcus mobilis is 1.67; on Acinetobacter baumannii is 3.42; and on Micrococcus varians is 3.45, (3) Micrococcus varians has the highest amylum, i.e: 7.23 and protein hydrolysis index is 3.45.Keywords: hydrolysis index, amylolytic bacteria, proteolytic bacteria, wadi
Respon Pertumbuhan Jagung (Zea mays) Dengan Pemberian Urea Bersalut Zeolit Sebagai Nitrogen Lepas Lambat
Full text linkAbstract. This study is an experimental research that aims to find out how the response of corn growth (Zea mays) with urea-coated zeolite as nitrogen release slowly, implemented from April to December 2017. The making of fertilizer is done in Biology Laboratory of East III Floor Department of Biology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of Makassar State University. The cultivation and maintenance of maize was conducted at Greenhouse of Ecophysiology of Seraca Crops Research Institute (Balitsereal) Maros and Analysis of nitrogen data at Soil Laboratory of Agricultural Technology Assessment Institute (BPTP) Regency. Maros South Sulawesi. This research used Randomized Block Design (RAK) 3 grouping with Control, Urea, Phosphate, Potassium (UPK), UPK Zeolite 10%, UPK Zeolit 30%, and UPK Zeolit 50%. The corn variety used was HJ 21 Agritan. Observation parameters were stem circumference, leaf chlorophyll content, plant biomass (root, stem and leaves), cob weight, ear length, seed weight, leaf nitrogen and seed nitrogen. The technique of data origin is done by using variance analysis technique (F test) / ANOVA at the level of trust α = 0,05%. Then proceed with Duncan's advanced test using SPSS statistic program 20. The results showed that there was an interaction between zeolite-coated urea fertilizer on the yield of cob and corncob with different results on the other treatment. The best results on urea-coated zeolite treatment with 10% concentration. While for stem circumference, leaf chlorophyll content, plant biomass (root, stem and leaf), seed weight, leaf nitrogen and seed nitrogen showed no effect but when viewed the average result of urea coated application of zeolite with the highest 30% concentration.Keywords: The growth of corn, the application of urea zeolite coated, slow release fertilizersp., Thalassiosira sp., Probiotic Bacteri
Pengaruh Penambahan Sari Buah Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum ) Sebagai Pengencer Alami Terhadap Kualitas Penyimpanan Spermatozoa Sapi Bali (Bos sondaicus)
Full text linkAbstract. The purpose of this research was examine the effect of juice tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) as diluent on the quality of spermatozoa Bali cattle (Bos sondaicus). This research used Completely Random Design consisting of five treatments and three repetition. The treatmens are andromed, jus tomatoes- yolk egg – honey with concentration of 0 %, 10 %, 20 % and 30 %. The parameters were time of formation in a macroscopic (volume, color, pH and consistency) and microscopic (motility, life sperm percentage and abnormality). Observations were made at 0, 2, 4, 6 until 8 hour after refrigeration. The results showed that addition jus tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) was quality spermatozoa Bali cattle after refrigeration. Juice tomato- yolk egg – honey diluents with concentration of 20 % can produce of spermatozoa quality whether. Keywords: Spermatozoa, andromed, juice tomato, honey, yolk egg
Analisis Keanekaragaman Plankton Sebagai Indikator Kualitas Perairan Pantai Batu Gosok Kecamatan Komodo Kabupaten Manggarai Barat Nusa Tenggara Timur
Full text linkAbstract. This research aims to know and analyze the plankton diversity and water quality of Batu Gosok Beach in three research locations: sand location, waste location and mangrove location. Population in this research is all plankton contained in coastal waters of rubbing stone and sample taken by Purposive Sampling method. The results of plankton research in three locations were Diversity (H`) of coastal location: 0.732, waste location: 0.71 and mangrove location 0.777. Index Domination of sand location: 0.24, waste location: 0.22 and mangrove location 0.21, Index Abundance of sand location: 1.99, waste location: 1.18, and mangrove location: 1.72, uniformity index of sand location: 0.66, waste location: 0.71 and mangrove location: 0.75. The quality of the coastal waters of Batu Gosok Beach is still good for the survival of plankton animals.Keywords: diversity, plankton, wate