Bisnis & Birokrasi Journal
Not a member yet
245 research outputs found
Sort by
Organizational Commitment Antecedent and Its Effect on Managerial Performance in Public Sector Budgeting
No full textAbstract. Regional autonomy is intended to improve public services and local government's performance including the managerial performance in public sector budgeting. This study aims to obtain empirical evidence on the effects of antecedent variable in public sector budgeting in local government within organizational commitment and public sector managerial performance. This study employs positivist paradigm with quantitative approach. This is an explanatory study with the population of public sector managers scattered in 343 regional work units (SKPD) of South Kalimantan district and municipal government. This study uses samples of 217 public sector managers with analysis unit of public sector manager and technique of multistage random sampling. Decentralization and participation in budgeting significantly affect organizational commitment and managerial performance directly. Distributive justice in budgeting significantly affects organizational commitment yet has no significant effect on managerial performance, while organizational commitment significantly affects managerial performance. Furthermore, indirectly, organizational commitment can partially mediate the effects of decentralization on managerial performance as well as the effects of participation on managerial performance. While organizational commitment can fully mediate the effects of distributive justice on managerial performance. The results of overall study showed that participation in budgeting is the central variable in shaping organizational commitment, while the organizational commitment turns out to be the most dominant variable affecting managerial performance and becomes the bridge of managerial performance achievement when distributive justice has no significant effect on managerial performance.Keywords: decentralization, distributive justice, organizational commitment, public sector managers, public sector managerial performance, participationAbstrak. Otonomi daerah dimaksudkan untuk lebih meningkatkan pelayanan publik sekaligus kinerja pemerintah daerah dan termasuk pula kinerja manajerial dalam penganggaran sektor publik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh bukti empirik atas pengaruh variabel anteseden dalam penganggaran sektor publik pada pemerintah daerah terhadap komitmen organisasional dan kinerja manajerial sektor publik. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma positivistik dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian bersifat eksplanatori dengan populasi para manajer sektor publik yang tersebar pada 343 Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (SKPD) pemerintah kabupaten dan kota di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Sampel yang digunakan sebesar 217 manajer sektor publik dengan unit analisis manajer sektor publik dan teknik pengambilan sampel multistage random sampling. Secara langsung desentralisasi dan partisipasi dalam penganggaran berpengaruh signifikan terhadap komitmen organisasional dan kinerja manajerial. Keadilan distributif dalam penganggaran berpengaruh signifikan terhadap komitmen organisasional tetapi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja manajerial, sedangkan komitmen organisasional berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja manajerial. Selanjutnya secara tidak langsung komitmen organisasional dapat memediasi secara tidak penuh (partial mediating) pengaruh antara desentralisasi terhadap kinerja manajerial dan demikian pula pengaruh antara partisipasi terhadap kinerja manajerial. Adapun komitmen organisasional dapat memediasi secara penuh (fully mediating) pada pengaruh antara keadilan distributif terhadap kinerja manajerial.Hasil secara keseluruhan menunjukkan partisipasi dalam penganggaran merupakan variabel sentral dalam pembentukan komitmen organisasional, sedangkan komitmen organisasional menjadi variabel yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja manajerial dan menjadi jembatan pencapaian kinerja manajerial ketika keadilan distributif tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap kinerja manajerial.
Kata kunci: desentralisasi, keadilan distributif, kinerja manajerial sektor publi, manajer, komitmen organisasional, manajer sektorpublik, partisipasi 
The State-Centric Model of Transportation Policy in Mamminasata Areas, South Sulawesi
No full textAbstract. The program of transportation policy implementation in Mamminasata areas (Makassar, Maros, Sunggumisa, Takalar) has not been effective and efficient, despite the central government's program of national transportation. BRT project in Mamminasata regions has not been able to overcome various problems of safety and congestion, in accordance with the goals and objectives of the government program. This study aims to analyze and explain the position of the central government in the articulation of the priorities, direction, and goals of the transportation program in the regions of Mamminasata through the presence of BRT as the national program. This study applies qualitative approach, seeking to understand a complex real-world setting process by a strategy of case study to investigate BRT program that has instigated a multi-complex phenomenon from the policy decisions that have been set by the previous government. The analysis unit in this study is the policy of BRT Program in Mamminasata areas. Based on the State-centric Model, the results indicate that the BRT Program in Mamminasata areas is a program from the central government, precisely from the Ministry of Transportation of the Republic of Indonesia. Minister of Transportation, in this program, is at the central position or the single actor in the articulation of the priorities, direction, and goals of BRT transportation. The regional government, in this case the governor with related departments, is the recipient of the program. BRT Program in Mamminasata areas is different from that predicted by the theory of state-centric model.Keywords: mamminasata transportation, policy implementation, state-centricAbstrak. Pogram implementasi kebijakan Transfortasi dikawasan Mamminasata (Makassar, Maros, Sunggumisa,Takalar) belum berjalan secara efektif dan efesien meskipun pemerintah pusat telah mengucurkan program transfortasi nasional seperti BRT di Kawasan Mamminasa namun belum mampu mengatasi berbagai permasalahan keamanan, kemacetan, sesuai tujuan dan sasaran program pemerintah, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menjelaskan posisi central pemerintah dalam pengartikulasian prioritas, arah dan tujuan-tujuan program transfortasi di kawasan Mamminasata, dengan kehadiran BRT yang merupakan program nasional menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang sering direkomendasikan untuk penelitian yang berusaha memahami suatu proses yang realworld setting yang kompleks, dengan strategi studi kasus untuk menginvestigasi program BRT yang memunculkan fenomena yang multi kompleks dari kebijakan keputusan yang telah ditetapkan pemerintah sebelumnya, Unit analisis penelitian ini adalah kebijakan Program BRT di Kawasan Mamminasata. yang didasarkan pada arahan Model State Centrice, Hasil penelitian menunujukkan bahwa Program BRT dikawasan Mamminasata merupakan program pemerintah Pusat dari Kementrian Perhubungan Negara Republik Indonesia, Menteri Perhubungan dalam program ini berada pada posisi sentral atau aktor tunggal dalam pengartikulasian prioritas, arah dan tujuan transportasi BRT, Pemerintah daerah dalam hal ini gubernur dan dinas yang terkait hanya sebagai penerima program, Program BRT di kawasan Maminasata berbeda dengan yang diprediksikan oleh model teori state-centrice.Kata kunci: state-centric, implementasi kebijakan, transfortasi mamminasat
Collective Land Certification Policy as an Alternative to Land Conflict Resolution and Rural Development in Flores, Indonesia
No full textSince the 1980s, the Indonesian government has been highly promoting individual land certification (ILC) program as a national strategy to facilitate development. National programs like Proyek Operasi National Agraria (PRONA) and Layanan Rakyat Untuk Sertifikasi Tanah (LARASITA) are launched by the Indonesian National Land Agency (NLA) to facilitate ILC programs in rural areas. The programs have reached many rural areas in eastern Indonesia. Utilizing the combination of qualitative and quantitative research methodology by way of 30 in-depth interviews and 320 questionnaire, this research aims to evaluate the government programs on ILC in rural Flores, Indonesia. The research finds that ILC programs may have led to the increased poverty, land transactions and land speculations that boost land tenure conflicts which hinder the development in rural Flores. This research proposes colective land certification (CLC) program as an alternative for rural development.  
Formulating an Oil and Gas Revenue Sharing Fund Based on Rights Based Approach
No full textAbstract. The backdrop to this research is the existence of dissatisfaction that has become pervasive among many local governments, producers of oil and gas in Indonesia, towards unjust oil and gas Revenue Sharing Fund (DBH) between central and local governments. To that end, the main objective of this research is to formulate a Revenue Sharing Fund of oil and gas production that is just for all parties by using a Rights-Based Approach (RBA). To provide the basis for the formula, the study uses qualitative method and the data collection techniques are in-depth interviews, FGD, and document analysis (desk study). The findings recommend two scenarios. The first scenario posits indigenous communities under two possibilities, i.e. either conferring share ownership in oil and gas business or the right to lease land in areas where oil and gas production occurs. The second scenario is to calculate oil and gas revenue sharing fund on the basis of governmental tier in a just and proportional manner, starting from the provincial, district, sub-district, village, and kampong levels, particularly for native and indigenous communities who are producers and non-producers of oil and gas. Keywords: fiscal decentralization, rights-based approach , oil and gas revenue sharing fundAbstrak. Studi ini dilatarbelakangi adanya ketidakpuasan banyak pemerintah daerah di Indonesia yang menjadi penghasil minyak dan gas (migas) terhadap pembagian Dana Bagi Hasil (DBH) migas yang tidak adil antara pusat dan daerah. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, tujuan utama dari kajian ini adalah untuk merumuskan formula DBH Migas yang adil bagi semua pihak dengan menggunakan Pendekatan Berbasis Hak. Untuk merumuskan formula tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan teknik pengumpulan datanya adalah wawancara mendalam, FGD dan pengumpulan data sekunder. Penelitian ini menghasilkan dua scenario sebagai rekomendasi. Skenario pertama menempatkan penduduk asli atau masyarakat adat di bawah dua kemungkinan yakni ikut menjadi pemilik saham bisnis migas atau hanya menyewakan tanah yang di dalamnya mengandung migas. Skenario kedua adalah menghitung perolehan DBH sesuai level pemerintahan secara proporsional mulai dari tingkat provinsi, kabupaten, distrik, kampung dan masyarakat adat baik yang menjadi penghasil maupun bukan penghasil migas.Kata kunci: desentralisasi fiscal, dana bagi hasil migas, pendekatan berbasis ha
Innovation Typology of the Local Government in Educational Affairs
No full textMany studies have been carried out on the application of innovation concept in the local government administration, but none has specifically studied innovation typology from the aspect of levels and types of the innovations developed. Therefore, it is important to understand the innovation typology developed by the local government. This study focuses on the development of innovative program of the local government in educational affairs. Through descriptive-qualitative method, this study aims to describe innovation typology of educational affairs. Primary data is obtained from interviews and field observations while secondary data is obtained from official documents of the local government. The data are analyzed with Spiral Model technique. The findings show four programs of innovation, namely Educational Studio of Pious Children (SPAS), Free Education, Punggawa D'Emba Education Program (PDEP), and Task Force for Education. They are categorized as innovation typology of the process of service at the incremental level adopted from other regions through a replication strategy
Effect of Enterprise Multiple on Stock Return Non-Financial Companies in Indonesian Stock Exchange
No full textEnterprise Multiple is widely used by practitioners as a valuation measure (Loughran & Wellman, 2011). Furthermore, one component used in the calculation of enterprise multiple (EV/EBITDA) is the use of operating income before depreciation data as income variables. The data is accurate and difficult to manipulate (not even) in measuring the profitability of a company over net income. This study aims to analyse the influence of enterprise multiple on stock return towards non-financial companies listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2006-2015. The dependent variable used is stock return. The independent variable used is enterprise multiple which is proxied with EV / EBITDA. Enterprise Value (EV) is (value of equity + debt + preferred stock - cash). While EBITDA are Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortisation. This research takes the form of a quantitative research by using panel data regression test. The results show that firms with a low enterprise multiple values, have a higher stock return than firms with high enterprise multiple values. In addition, the portfolio established under enterprise multiple values (low minus high portfolios) in the Carhart 4 Factor Model is robust on non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2006-2015 period
Building Brand Equity of Dian Pelangi in Social Media
No full textBrand equity provides a significant contribution to long-term sales and benefits of a product. Building brand equity through social media is important due to current rapid development of marketing 3.0. This study has two (2) objectives: 1) to identify the most significant social media in building brand equity of Dian Pelangi, and 2) to identify the most prominent indicators in building brand equity of Dian Pelangi in Hijabers community. This study applies positivist paradigm. The data are collected through survey. The sampling technique used is Four Sample One Object. This is a quantitative descriptive study of four social media: Facebook, Twitter, Blog, and Website of Dian Pelangi. This study is carried out with Islamic Marketing approach. The findings of the study show that Blog is the most influential social media in building brand equity of Dian Pelangi, while the highest indicator of brand equity of Dian Pelangi is the benefits of brand image in the form of information about current trend of color.  
Building an Optimal Portfolio on Indonesia Sharia Stock Index (ISSI)
No full textAbstract. Indonesian economy is particularly susceptible to capital outflow and net sell position due to the relatively high share of foreign ownership in the stock and government debt market. One of the efforts to reduce the vulnerability is to increase the involvement of public participation in the capital market. The purpose of this study was to establish the optimal portfolio generated from stocks listed on Indonesia Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) and measure its performance in order to determine its potential as an instrument for the major community to invest in the stock market. Calculations using single index model approach, daily stock price data and inflation rate as a proxy of the risk free rate, produce the optimal portofolio composed of forty three stocks with preferable yield and risk than the markets (Jakarta Composite Index). The number of stocks and the value of risk which is smaller than the market risk indicate that the portfolio are well diversified. The results of the performance test using Jensen’s Alpha method shows that the portfolio are able to outperform the market, JII, and ISSI.Keywords: portfolio optimization, sharia stock, single index model Abstrak. Perekonomian Indonesia memiliki kerentanan yang cukup tinggi terhadap posisi net sell serta arus keluar modal akibat tingginya porsi kepemilikan asing terhadap aset-aset di pasar saham maupun pasar obligasi domestik. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi kerentanan tersebut adalah dengan meningkatkan partisipasi publik di pasar modal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membentuk portofolio optimal dari saham-saham yang tercatat pada Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia (ISSI) serta mengukur kinerjanya guna mengamati potensinya sebagai instrumen bagi masyarakat dalam berinvestasi di pasar saham. Penggunaan pendekatan model indeks tunggal, data harga saham harian serta tingkat inflasi sebagai proksi dari risk free rate menghasilkan portofolio optimal yang terdiri dari 43 saham dengan tingkat imbal hasil dan risiko yang lebih baik dibandingkan imbal hasil dan risiko yang dimiliki pasar (IHSG). Jumlah saham penyusun yang cukup besar serta nilai risiko yang lebih kecil dibandingkan risiko pasar menunjukkan bahwa portofolio terdiversifikasi dengan baik. Hasil uji kinerja menggunakan metode Alpha Jensen juga memperlihatkan bahwa portofolio mampu mengungguli pasar, JII, dan ISSI.Kata kunci: model indeks tunggal, portofolio optimal, saham syaria
Scenario Planning for the Development of Maritime Eco-tourism Object
No full textAbstract. The regional income of the Berau Regency has been depending on the mining sector for last five years. Unfortunately, both the value and quality of the mining sector are continuously declining. These conditions threaten the economic sustainability of the Berau Regency. The eco-tourism sector, if developed by proper management especially in terms planning, may be the best way to accommodate those threats. Scenario Planning is one of suitable planning approaches that are much more capable to accommodate the complexity and the uncertainty in comparison to the conventional approach. Scenario Planning is seldom used in Indonesia, especially in tourism planning. Scenario Planning in this research paper is using the TAID method that includes tracking, analyzing, imaging and deciding. Data were collected by interviews, secondary data and observation in order to fulfill tracking step. The output of tracking step will be analyzed by cross-impact analysis in order to build scenarios in analyzing step. The output of analyzing step is used to make a vision and formulate the strategies. This paper offers four alternatives of strategies, which are Dissemination, Optimization, Strengthening and Reform. This paper also provides descriptions of the conditions of the Derawan Islands District in the next 10 years through the lenses of different perspectives of planning approach. This can be used as one of the considerations for the government to develop eco-tourism in the Derawan Islands District.Keywords: eco-tourism, scenario planning, taid methodAbstrak. Pendapatan regional Kabupaten Berau bergantung pada sektor tambang pada lima tahun terakhir. Faktanya, Kualitas dan Nilai batubara terus menurun. Kondisi ini menjadi ancaman tersendiri terhadap keberlanjutan perekonomian di Kabupaten Berau. Pada tulisan ini disebutkan bahwa pengembangan ekowisata melalui manajemen yang tepat khususnya pada level perencanaan merupakan upaya yang bijak untuk menjawab ancaman tersebut. Perencanaan Skenario merupakan salah satu pendekatan yang relevan pada kasus ini, karena lebih mampu mengakomodir tingginya kompleksitas dan ketidakpastian ekowisata jika dibandingkan dengan pendekatan perencanaan konvensional lain seperti Perencanaan Strategis. Penggunaan Perencanaan Skenario dalam perencanaan pariwisata di Indonesia terbilang langka. Perencanaan Skenario pada tulisan ini menggunakan metode TAID yaitu tracking, analyzing, imaging dan deciding. Data pada tulisan ini dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, data sekunder dan observasi untuk memenuhi tahapan tracking. Keluaran tahapan tracking dianalisis menggunakan cross-impact untuk membangun skenario di tahapan analysing. Keluaran tahapan analysing menjadi input perumusan visi dan strategi pada tahap imaging dan deciding. Tulisan ini menawarkan empat alternatif strategi pengembangan ekowisata, yaitu Diseminasi, Optimalisasi, Penguatan dan Reformasi serta menggambarkan kondisi kepariwisataan Kecamatan Kepulauan Derawan satu dekade kedepan melalui sudut pandang pendekatan perencanaan berbeda. Hal ini dapat menjadi konsiderans pemerintah dalam mengembangkan ekowisata di Kecamatan Kepulauan Derawan.Kata kunci: ekowisata, metode taid, perencanaan skenario 
A Study of Program Evaluation: Community Information Group - A Triangle of Information, Government and Community
No full textAbstract. This paper discusses a program evaluation study on Community Information Group. It is a program that is established by the Ministry of Communication and Information, which is based on the Ministerial Decree No. 8/2010. Through the program, the government is expected to disseminate public information and, simultaneously, the community will be able to voice their concerns and needs. This research used an exploratory survey with a sequential exploratory. In the qualitative analysis, we interviewed 15 key persons to understand the nature of the program and the impact of the access to information. This is enriched with a quantitative analysis. A closed-ended questionnaire was used to survey 62 respondents. The evaluation method was randomized post-test only group design. This research utilized a case study of research design with the Community Information Group of Sukabungah Village - Bandung, because it is regarded as one of the best practices of CommunityInformation Group in Bandung City. Furthermore, Sukagalih Village was used as the control group of the evaluation program study. Dolbeare's model of policy impact was also used in this research. We constructed a causal logic of the program to fully understand the program itself. It is evident from the findings that a set of activities in this program did not meet its expectedimpact. Further, even though the activities are useful for the citizens, the citizens already had access to the same activities provided by other programs. It can be concluded that the establishment of the Community Information Group is inefficient. Hence the Community Information Group program should be re-designed to maximize the impact or otherwise be terminated.Keywords: community information group, exploratory evaluation studies, impact evaluation framework, program evaluationAbstrak. Makalah ini merupakan studi evaluasi program Kelompok Informasi Masyarakat (KIM), yaitu program yang dibentuk berdasarkan pada Keputusan Menteri Komunikasi dan Informatika RI No. 8 Tahun 2010. Program KIM bertujuan untuk menyediakan media bagi pemerintah untuk melakukan diseminasi informasi dan sebaliknya bagi masyarakat untuk menyuarakanpendapat, aspirasi dan kebutuhannya. Makalah ini merupakan hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan metode survei eksploratori yaitu eksploratori bertahap. Data-data dikumpulkan dari wawancara dengan 15 narasumber dan penyebaran kuesioner terhadap 62 responden. Metode evaluasi yang digunakan adalah desain randomized-post-test-only. Dua wilayah penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah kelurahan Sukabungah yang merupakan kelompok eksperimen dimana di dalam kelurahan ini terdapat KIM, dan kelurahan Sukagalih yang merupakan kelompok kontrol yang akan digunakan sebagai pembanding analisa. Kerangka evaluasi yang digunakan untuk memahami logika program KIM adalah kerangka evaluasi dampak menurut Dolbeare. Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah dampak yang terekam tidak sesuai dengan tujuan program KIM. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengananalisa perbandingan temuan di dua wilayah penelitian. Kedua wilayah tersebut memiliki tingkat akses terhadap informasi yang sama. Namun peningkatan akses terhadap informasi dalam kelompok kontrol merupakan dampak dari program-program lain. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah program KIM tidak efisien mencapai tujuan dan dampaknya sehingga perlu untuk di desain ulang atau justru dihentikan.Kata kunci: evaluasi program, kerangkat evaluasi dampak, kelompok informasi masyarakat, studi evaluasi eksplorator