Bisnis & Birokrasi Journal
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Reframing Concept of Governance in Public Administration Researches: A Philosophical Discussion
No full textThe concept of governance is widely employed in various field of studies. Governance also commonly employed to characterize institutions both in public sector institutions and private domains, describe both formal and informal organizations, and define both international and local networks. In the field of public administration, the concept of governance has been explored in last three decades. The usage of the word of governance could be in diverse ways and has various meanings which seems that governance is tend to be applied as rhetorical reasons rather than theoretical argumentations. This review article provides two philosophical approaches to understand governance concept in public administration study. They are pragmatic philosophy and phenomenology philosophy. Both philosophical approaches provide dynamic and complex issues that be considering by public administration scholars in future research agendas
Social Media and Poverty: Paradoxes of Communicating Poverty Issues on Social Media
No full textFrom the democratic theory perspective, social media is a means to improve collaborative public governance between government, society, and business sector, in order to ensure effective public issues management as well as public services. On the other hand, there are preconditions for the effective use of media social; in the context of addressing poverty issues, these preconditions have potential to generate certain paradoxes. This article aims to answer a question “Is the use of social media effective to the poverty alleviation mainstreaming issue?” This study was conducted in one of the cities that won Smart City Award in Indonesia; using content analysis on the "Monggo Lapor" Facebook group combined with the mapping of Local Government Apparatus and poor people group’s perception on the use of social media for poverty issue through focus group discussion. The data then was analyzed using Institutional Theory approaches to identify the paradoxes that emerge from the using of social media in process of communication addressing poverty issues. The result shows that poverty issues were marginalized in the discussion using Facebook group, because of the culture of the bureaucracy in the local government and the culture of the society. The paradoxes arising were, i) democratic-elitist; ii) functional-artificial ones. The emerging paradoxes resulted from the inconsistency of the Local Government in implementing e-government for addressing poverty issues and the elitism in using the social media as a tool for power control by society. Social Media “Monggo Lapor” has not functioned intensively as the means of expressing voice and communicating between people and government for poverty issue, but it had functioned intensively for non-poverty issues, so that non-poor group enjoy its usefulness more. It indicated that the group with excess power had a higher ability of using social media. This paper recommends further research focusing on building social media readiness model, particularly for developing an inclusive regulation for poverty alleviation
Community Marginalization as the Effect of Public Policy in Democratic Governance Era
No full text Watu Ata natural reserve is a natural reserve located in Ngada of Nusa Tenggara Timur Province. Watu Ata natural reserve was established based on Ministry of Forestry’s Decree Number 432/Kpts-II/92. The policy impacts negatively on community marginalization, particularly the elimination of people from their previous cultivated land. This research aimed to analyze the community marginalization occurring as a result of the policy establishing Watu Ata forest area to be conservation area functioning as natural reserve. This research was conducted in two villages namely Inelika Village and Heawea Village. The research method employed was qualitative one with descriptive approach. The type of data used is primary and secondary data. Sampling technique employed was purposive sampling one. Techniques of collecting data used were interview, observation, and documentation. Technique of analyzing data used Miles and Huberman’s data analysis technique (data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing and verification). The result of research showed that: 1) the form of marginalization the people felt surrounding Watu Ata natural reserve area was social exclusion from cultivated land. Social exclusion from cultivated land encountered by the people in Heawea and Inelika Villages impacts on other exclusion forms. 2) the attempt the people had taken to deal with marginalization was to establish an organization called PERMATA (Perhimpunan Masyarakat Watu Ata or Watu Ata People Association). The objective of getting fair distribution of forest resource and property certainty has not been achieved yet until today. In democratic governance era, government policy is ideally a dialogical product, government with community
The Influence of the Intelligence of Transglobal Leadership on Good Governance-Based Forest Management
No full textIn recent years the discussion about leadership in public sector has become an interesting topic which has attracted attention from many people with various backgrounds. In public sector, the demand for a great leader has also rapidly increased among society due to the need to provide the effectiveness of policy, resources allocation, time management and mobilizing participation. In Indonesia, forestry is seen as one of vulnerable sectors that need better leadership due to the failure of effective policy implementation such as massive illegal logging, forest fires or other problems causing deforestation. This study aims at analyzing the influence of Intelligence of Transglobal Leadership toward Good Governance-Based Forest Management by applying quantitative approach with survey method conducted in Community Forest (HTR) area over 26 Provinces in Indonesia covering regions from Aceh to Papua. The finding of this inquiry indicates significant influence of intelligence of transglobal leadership toward good governance based forest management by positive value of 0.359 on its coefficient structural model and 2.38 on Critical Ratio. It can be inferred that the intelligence of tranglobal leadership is essential for policy maker within forestry sector in Indonesia.  
The Urgency of a Supervisory Institution for the Regional Government-Owned Enterprises (BUMD) of Banten Province, Indonesia
No full textBased on data from 2016 Indonesia’s Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), Regional Government Owned Enterprises (BUMD) failed to perform optimally. The condition of BUMDs varies greatly across Indonesia, but most of them lack of clear direction or guidance from a supervising institution. This paper seesk to highlight the urgency of establishing supervisory institution to guide BUMD in Banten Province by examining efforts on behalf of Province Government of Banten in institutionalizing BUMD supervision in three capacities the supervision of BUMD as limited liability companies, regulatory efforts for BUMD supervision, and the establishment of a supervising institution to guide the BUMD. The study employs a descriptive analysis and utilizes a qualitative approch. Data was retrieved through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The study found that regulative efforts by Province Government of Banten for the supervision of its BUMD were still at minimum in terms of quantity, and the issued regulations have only concerned on financial performance aspect. The Mid-term Development Plan (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah, RPJMD) of Banten province has not included BUMD as one of the determinants of its success. The study has further revealed budget constraints for BUMD supervision, legal ambiguities in the supervision of a Limited Liability Company (PT) BUMD, limited human resources, and a complex legal construction in need of adjustment. Establishing clear and focused institution for the supervision of BUMD is an urgent matter for Banten Province. With one in place, the Province could clearly supervise its BUMDs and government guidance thereof would be more comprehensive, not limited to financial performance control
Organizational Restructuring Of Regional Apparatuses Of Denpasar Municipal Government To Achieve Bureaucratic Reform
No full textThe determination of Grand Design of Bureaucratic Reform is the first measure for local government to reform local bureaucracy. There are eight areas of change that become the priority agenda in implementing bureaucratic reform. One of them is organizational restructuring. This study aims to determine the form of organizational restructuring carried out by the Government of Denpasar to achieve bureaucratic reform in Denpasar. The method applied in this research is qualitative descriptive method. The data collection is carried out through interview, observation, and literature study. The analysis applies qualitative descriptive analysis. The findings show that the Government of Denpasar has carried out bureaucratic reform in accordance with the Presidential Regulation No. 81 of 2010 on the Grand Design of Bureaucratic Reform with priority agenda of eight areas of change. The implementation of organizational restructuring in the Government of Denpasar is in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. The measures of restructuring carried out by the government of Denpasar are delayering, reorganizing and competency measurement. The supporting factors for the implementation of the restructuring in the Government of Denpasar are regulations and human resources, while the inhibiting factors are the issuance time of the regulation and the placement of human resources.  
Public Ethics in Civil Service Police Unit (Satpol PP) of Makassar
No full textAbstract. This study aims to analyze public ethics in local government institutions. It is used as an attempt to create an institutional order that allows better ethics in the governance system involving governmental institutions and the public. The study was conducted on Satpol PP (Satpol PP) in Makassar by using qualitative method. This study outlines the fundamental problems in terms of personal and institutional affairs of the Satpol PP in Makassar. The result indicates that the main problem is not merely in Satpol PP itself, but also institutionally public ethics has not been imposed well. Theoretical reflection resulted from the study is that in the context of civil service police unit of Makassar, institutional ethics should be made possible to control personal ethics. Therefore, the direction of future policy should emphasize more on how to build the institutional ethics for the Satpol PP of Makassar.Keywords: civil service police unit, public ethics, institutional ethics, personal ethicsAbstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis etika publik dalam lembaga pemerintahan daerah. Kajian etika publik ini digunakan sebagai upaya untuk menciptakan tatanan kelembagaan yang memungkinkan etika menjadi lebih baik dalam sistem tata kelola urusan pemerintahan yang melibatkan lembaga pemerintahan dan masyarakat. Penelitian dilakukan pada lembaga satuan polisi pamong praja (Satpol PP) di Kota Makassar dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Penelitian ini menguraikan persoalan-persoalan mendasar dalam hal personal dan institusional Satpol PP Kota Makassar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masalah utama bukan saja masalah personal Satpol PP melainkan karena memang secara institusional etika publik belum terlembagakan dengan baik. Refleksi teoretis yang dihasilkan dari penelitian adalah bahwa pada konteks Satpol PP Kota Makassar, etika institusional dimungkinkan dapat mengontrol etika personal. Oleh karena itu, arah kebijakan kedepannya sebaiknya lebih ditekankan pada bagaimana membangun etika institusional pada Satpol PP Kota Makassar.Kata kunci: etika publik, etika institusional, etika personal, Satpol P
Identifying the Leadership Effectiveness of the Executive Leaders in Indonesia
No full textAbstract. This study introduces Public Leader Organization Scale (POLS) as the tool to identify the effectiveness of leadership in a public organization. To show the reliability and validity of this tool, a case study of subjective evaluation is addressed to three former and one active government leaders. The implication of the study is twofold: first that it shows POLS as an appropriate tool to be used in identifying public leaders' performance. This study finds that leader's consistency, listening communication skills, managing resources skill and exchange tactics become the strongest behaviors associated to government performance. Second, among these behaviors, leaders' personal integrity (consistency) is considered to contribute more to the region's performance rather than the leader's skills or the leader's influence. In essence, we believe that the current study findings will enrich the existing theory of leadership particularly in public organization issues.Keywords: behavior, effective performance, integrity, public leader organization scale Abstrak. Penelitian ini memperkenalkan Skala Pengukuran Pemimpin Organisasi Publik atau Public Leader Organization Scale (POLS) sebagai suatu instrument untuk mengidentifikasi efektivitas kepemimpinan suatu organisasi publik. Untuk menunjukkan reliabilitas dan validitas instrument tersebut, sebuah studi kasus yang bersifat subjektif dilakukan terhadap tiga mantan kepala daerah dan satu orang kepala daerah yang masih aktif. Implikasi dari studi ini ada dua, yaitu pertama, bahwa POLS dapat menjadi instrument yang tepat untuk digunakan dalam mengidentifikasi kinerja pemimpin publik dimana dalam studi ini ditemukan bahwa konsistensi, kemampuan komunikasi mendengar, keahlian mengatur sumber daya dan kemampuan negosiasi merupakan prilaku terkuat yang dikaitkan dengan kinerja pemerintah. Kedua, studi ini juga menemukan bahwa diantara prilaku-prilaku tersebut, integritas pemimpin (konsistensi) menunjukkan pengaruh yang lebih besar terhadap kinerja daerah daripada keahlian yang dimilikinya atau kemampuan persuasifnya. Pada intinya, temuan pada studi ini diharapkan akan menambah kasanah teori kepemimpinan yang ada khususnya terkait dengan organisasi publik.Kata kunci: integritas, kinerja efektif, perilaku, skala pengukuran pemimpin organisasi publi
Exploring Entrepreneurial Leadership: A Case Study On Small Medium Entreprise’s Owner In Jakarta
No full textLeadership style becomes the important things a crucial factor to ensure the success of how the SME’s small business owners in managing their business operation successfully. This study aims to analyzing the leadership style of the Small and Medium-sized Enterprise’s owner whom located in Jakarta. By using the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire (LBDQ), this empirical study will analyzes whether the entrepreneur has acquire initiating structure or consideration while governed its business. The research method issues mixed method, both quantitative using survey through purposive sampling toward 30 entrepreneurs that located in Jakarta, and qualitative ones method using is applied through in-depth interview toward on several key informants. The result is shows behavioral pattern of the entrepreneurs have is high initiating structure which means they focus on the production and slightly high consideration that described that they also maintain its their staff as a member of the big family at their business
New Publicness and Its Implication on Social Conflicts: The Relation between Local Community and the Gated Community in Sleman
No full textAbstract. This article discusses the rise of new public issues and their implication on social conflict inflicted by the rapid growth of gated community in Sleman District. These new public issues include economic problems, accessibility, social and environmental problems. Through the methods of observation and in-depth interview, it is found that the rise of the new public issues triggers conflicts when meeting two following requirements: (1) Both communities are unsuccessful in establishing an agreement to resolve new public issues, and (2) There is no local government intervention to overcome the new public issues of gated community. This article has two objectives: conceptually, it supports the new publicness theory stating that publicness may arise from the privacy sphere, while at the same time complete the fact that the rise of new public issues can cause social conflicts when meeting the two preconditions. Based on the findings in this study, two suggested recommendations include, first, both communities need to build intensive communication and create joint mechanism to avoid social conflict; second, the commitment and active role of Sleman government are required, particularly to eradicate the rents of licensing-bureaucracy and to improve close supervision in the field, so that new licensing processed will not instigate new public issues that can trigger social conflicts. Keywords: gated community, public problems, publicness, social conflictsAbstrak. Artikel ini mendiskusikan munculnya masalah publik baru dan implikasinya terhadap konflik sosial akibat dari tingginya pertumbuhan gated community (perumahan modern) di Kabupaten Sleman. Masalah publik baru tersebut meliputi permasalahan ekonomi, aksessibilitas, sosial, dan lingkungan. Melalui metode studi kasus dengan observasi dan wawancara mendalam, ditemukan bahwa munculnya masalah publik baru dapat berimplikasi pada lahirnya konflik sosial apabila menemui dua situasi berikut; (1) kedua masyarakat tidak berhasil membangun kesepakatan untuk menyelesaikan masalah publik baru, dan (2) tidak adanya intervensi pemerintah daerah untuk mengatasi munculnya masalah publik baru gated community. Artikel ini memiliki dua tujuan: secara konseptual mendukung teori new publicness, bahwa kepublikan dapat muncul dari ranah privat, sekaligus melengkapinya bahwa munculnya masalah publik baru dapat berimplikasi pada konflik sosial apabila menemui dua prakondisi di atas. Berdasarkan temuan dalam penelitian ini, dua rekomendasi yang diberikan yaitu pertama, perlunya dibangun komunikasi intensif dan mekanisme bersama diantara kedua masyarakat untuk menghindarkan munculnya masalah publik baru. Kedua, perlunya komitmen dan peran aktif Pemda (Pemerintah Daerah) Sleman khususnya dalam memberantas rente birokrasi perijinan dan peningkatan pengawasan langsung di lapangan sehingga perijinan yang diberikan tidak menimbulkan permasalahan publik baru yang berimplikasi pada konflik sosial.Kata kunci: gated community, konflik sosial, masalah publik, publicnes