National Changhua University of Education
National Changhua University of Education Institutional RepositoryNot a member yet
11646 research outputs found
Sort by
Global Shifts, Developmental State and the Town-Rural Planning Revisited in Taiwan: A Geographic Enquiry and Governance Crisis for the Adaptation of Urban Entrepreneurialism
No full text[[abstract]]根據臺灣戰後的空間發展經驗來看，城鄉失衡與空間極化一直是極為嚴重的問題：如今，在面臨全球化的影響下，這種悄況將有更進一步深化的趨勢。同時，國家自從進入1990年代以後，為了回應全球經濟的挑戰，在都市發展策略上亦看似步入了「都市企業主義」取向的做法。然而，臺灣的規劃當局在引用這種提法的同時，卻忽略了發展型國家的背景與西方先進資本主義都市經驗的差異。所以，本文站在都市企業主義的觀點下，嘗試說明西方都市企業主義的意義與背景。其次，討論發展型國家的都市過程與不均等發展現象。再者，闡釋臺灣的發展型國家意識形態如何結合全球經濟脈絡，以及造成的空間極化結果。最後，則批判採霰都市企業主義的提法，在未意識到發展掛帥所造成的問題根源之時，對於臺灣當前的城鄉發展產一的論述矛盾及可能危機。[[abstract]]The experience of spatial development in Taiwan during the postwar era suggests that the most serious problems are the urban-rural uneven development and spatial polarization. The problems have now become even worse owing to the impact of economic globalization. Meanwhile, the state, in order to respond to the challenges within global economy, has adapted to some narratives from “urban entrepreneurial” for the urban development strategies since the 1990s. The planning authorities, however, have dramatically neglected the differences between developmental state and West-Atlantic urban experience. This essay attempts to make sense of the concept and background from the perspective of urban entrepreneurialism. We then discuss the urban process under a developmental state ideology and its consequent uneven development. We also try to explain how the developmental state ideology functions within the context of global economy and its hazardous effect of spatial polarization. Finally, we criticize the discourse paradox and possible crisis in Taiwan’s urban-rural development if the planning authori9ties adapt entrepreneurial narratives without an awareness of the problem origins created from the developmentalist
Study on Strategies of Resignating Lot for Release of Agricultural Land and Production Location
No full text[[abstract]]1.農地釋出選擇土地之S.W.O.T.分析:(1)就外在環境之機會與威脅(O.T) ,內在環境的優勢與劣勢(S.W)加以分析土地的競爭市場態勢。(2)外在環境分析,農地釋出之機會為『政府政策指示』、『土地開發利多』、『空間距離縮短』、『農地產值偏低』、『釋出規模經濟』及『投資意願降低』,威脅為『綠色永續經營』、『實施都市更新』、『社會正義公平』、『優勢社會行銷』。另工業、住宅、商業、遊憩、休閒農業各項用地,各有其機會與威脅。(3)內在環境分析,擬優先釋出之都市計畫農業區、地層下陷地區、鹽分地、低生產力農地,均分別出其競爭的『優勢』與『劣勢』。 2.農地釋出土地選擇定位策略之研擬:(1)選擇土地目標市場;(2)選擇土地定位策略;『定位』是指在目標市場中為釋出之土地創造形象,以利促消。 3.農地釋出土地選擇策略規劃研擬:(1)土地選擇發展策略;分就選擇土地(優先釋出土地)研擬其產品策略。(2)土地選擇管理策略;分就選擇土地(優先釋出土地)研擬其定價策略。(3)土地選擇流程策略;分就選擇土地(優先釋出土地)研擬其通路策略。(4)土地選擇促銷策略;分就選擇土地(優先釋出土地)研擬其促銷策略。(5)土地選擇避開策略;分就選擇土地(優先釋出土地)研擬其促銷策略。< 前述之定價、通路、促銷、避開等四策略,主要在突出『已之擅長』規劃農地釋出之優勢策略。另規劃農業部門內,如何避免破壞重要農業用地之避開策略。[[abstract]]1. The S.W.O.T Analysis of choosing Released Farmland< (1) Analysing the situation of market competition based on outer environmental opportunities and threats (O.T) versus inner environmental advantages and weaknesses (S.W.). (2) Outer environment analysis. Included in the list of opportunities for farmland release are government's polity instructions, nice benefits of land development, reduction in spatial distance, the lower productivity value of form land the scale economy of release and low intention of investment. On the other hand, the threats of farm land release include the everlasting green management, the realization of urban renewal, the social justice and fairness the superior social sale. Furthermore, each of the industrial, residential, commercial and recreational use has its own respective opportunities and threats. (3) Inner environments analysis: Distinguish competitive advantages from the weakness of urban agricultural district, sinking land, salty land and low productivity land on the list for earlier release. 2. Formulation of Strategies in Regard to Choice of Specifying Position for Released Farm Lands. (1) Selection of land objective. (2) Selection of strategies for specifying land position. "Specifying position" means the creation of images for the released land in the objective market for the purpose of promoting sale. The graphic way of specifying position method include the following steps. 3. Planning and Formulation of choosing strategies for the Released Farm lands. (1) The development strategies for choosing land (preferential release of land). (2) The management strategies for choosing land. Formulation of pricing strategies for choosing land (preferential release of land). (3) The circulation strategies for choosing land. Studying the circulation strategies for choosing land (preferential release of land). (4) Formulation of promoting sale strategies for choosing land (preferential release of land). (5) The evasion strategies for choosing land< Formulation of promoting sale strategies for choosing land (preferential release of land). The four above mentioned strategies of pricing, circulation, promoting sale and evasion aims at exposing own advantages in order to plan the superior strategies for land release and avoiding destruction of the prime agricultural land
A Study on Factors Affecting Community Disaster Prevention Learning
No full text[[abstract]]藉由社區學習、防災教育等相關主題的文獻回顧，以及針對執行社區防災計畫的專業者與社區領袖，進行深度訪談，建構出社區防災學習的內涵。包括：一、形塑適當的防災價值觀，建構人與環境的良性互動關係；二、考量社區特性與民衆屬性，建構以社區爲核心的教材內容，由社區本身提出需求，落實民衆參與；三、訓練與他人溝通、解決問題的技巧，藉由社區營造方式，納入「終身學習」範疇，朝向社區培力的防災學習；四、形塑社區防災學習的多重誘因，主要使社區具有榮譽感及參與感。而國內社區防災學習的課題，包括：課程與教材的規劃多未因地制宜；師資的培訓未制度化，學習過程亦缺乏教學目標及學習方案；由上而下的遴選機制，缺乏自發性的學習動機。而影響社區防災學習的因素，包括：因生計問題而導致對災害的消極心態，防災學習的意願低落；民衆在歷經較長時間無災害侵擾之後，逐漸降低防災意識；民衆運用對環境的認知與過去的災害經驗，來作爲防災行動的依據，降低對災害的敏銳度；專家與民衆對於災害本質與防災方式認知不同，影響防災學習的進行；個人態度、社會價值觀、法律與政治的阻礙、財務狀況，以及「理性的侷限」等因素，造成動機與認知的侷限，影響防災學習的成效。[[abstract]]Via reviewing literature on related topics about community learning as well as disaster prevention education, and through in-depth interviewing with community leaders and experts on implementing plans for community disaster prevention, this study will construct a content of community disaster prevention learning. The content includes: 1. to shape the proper values of disaster prevention in order to establish a positive interaction between people and the environment; 2. considering community features and citizens' characteristics to construct a content of teaching material which is centered on the community, and based on the demand made by the community itself to realize citizen participation; 3. to train the skills of problem-solving and communication with others, and via the ways of community development to subsume community disaster prevention learning within the scope of ”lifelong learning” and work toward community empowerment; 4. to shape multiple incentives to learn community disaster prevention, the main cause of which is to make the community possessed of a sense of honor and participation. Domestic issues on community disaster prevention learning include: most planning of curriculum and teaching material does not act on circumstances; teacher training is not yet institutionalized, and the learning process is also lacking in instructional objectives and learning proposals; the top-down selection mechanism is deficient in spontaneous learning motivation. In addition, factors affecting community disaster prevention learning include: passive attitudes toward disasters resulting from living problems lead to low willingness to learn disaster prevention; the relatively long period that the citizens have been through without any disaster gradually lower their awareness of disaster prevention; the citizens' employment of environmental awareness and past disaster experience as the basis of disaster prevention action lowers their sensitivity to disasters; the experts' and citizens' different cognition of disaster itself as well as ways of disaster prevention impedes disaster prevention learning; other factors such as personal attitudes, social values, legal and political barriers, financial condition and ”bounded rationality” restrain motivation and awareness, impacting the efficiency of disaster prevention learning
The Number of the Chapters in Shang Shu as well as the Combination and Dividing of“Goo Ming” and “King Kong’s Mandate”
No full text[[abstract]]《尚書》是中國的著名經典，在群經之中，今文本與古文本差異之大，爭議之多，無過於《尚書》者。來源可信的孔壁本古文《尚書》四十五篇早已不見，此成為一大憾事，而出現於東晉時代的五十八篇本古文《尚書》自宋以來即已廣受爭議，凡有辨疑存真的讀經堅持者，大概會傾向於以今文《尚書》為主要的研習對象，而今文《尚書》的篇數問題，在經學史上亦紛擾甚多，根據本文的探究，《史》、《漢》所說的漢初伏生以二十九篇《尚書》教人，篇中絕對沒有〈書序〉與〈泰誓〉，至於〈顧命〉與〈康王之誥〉則分而為二。後世言及今文《尚書》之篇數，謂二十八篇、二十九篇、三十一篇、三十二篇，都可找到文獻上的根據，但若易「今文《尚書》」一詞為「伏生《尚書》」，則篇數僅能說是二十九篇，且不能包入〈書序〉與〈泰誓〉，亦不能將〈顧命〉與〈康王之誥〉合為一篇。在伏生之後，今文系統中的歐陽本《尚書》將〈顧命〉與〈康王之誥〉合為一篇，加入〈書序〉一卷與〈泰誓〉三篇三卷，此舉有視〈書序〉為經之意，但不為之作解詁，故《經》有三十二卷之多，《章句》則少一卷。大小夏侯本《尚書》又將〈書序〉排除在外，用一卷的篇幅收納〈泰誓〉一篇，如同歐陽氏，將〈顧命〉與〈康王之誥〉合為一篇，使其篇數又回到伏生的二十九篇。〈顧命〉與〈康王之誥〉之情節有其一貫性，歐陽、大小夏侯的合二為一，可能是基於內容的考量，但因〈顧命〉與〈康王之誥〉在體裁上略有不同，所以東晉本古文《尚書》再將〈顧命〉與〈康王之誥〉分而為二。[[abstract]]Shang Shu is a famous classic in China. The huge differences between its ancient editions and the modern editions brought the most controversies among the Chinese classics. It’s a pity that the original forty-five chapters of Shang Shu on Kong Wall has lost when the fifty-eight chapters emerged in Eastern Jin Dynasty has caused a huge controversy since Song Dynasty. Those who insist on clarifying the doubts and winnowing the truth tend to set modern editions as the focus of their research. In the history of classic studying, there are a lot of disputes over the number of the
chapters of Shang Shu . According to this research, Shi Gi and Han Shu revealed that in the early Han Dynasty Fu Shen taught with twenty nine chapters of Shang Shu without including the two chapters of“Book Prefaceand＂“Tai Shi＂while “Goo Ming” and “King Kong’s Mandate” were divided into two chapters.
Nowadays when we talk about the chapters in modern editions of Shang Shu, we can find evidences in documents for so called twenty-eight chapters, twenty-nine chapters, thirty-one chapters, or thirty-two chapters. But if we use the noun “Fu Shen Shang Shu” instead of the noun “modern editions of Shang Shu”, then the former covers only twenty nine chapters with “Book Preface” and “Tai Shi” were excluded, and “Goo Ming” as well as “King Kong’s Mandate” were divided into two chapters.
In modern editions after Fu Shen, Oa Yang combined “Goo Ming” as well as “King Kong’s Mandate” into one chapter and added one volume of “Book Preface” together with three chapters three volumes of “Tai Shi”, which was viewed as taking “Book Preface” as “Ging” without adding interpretation for it. So, “Ging” had 32 volumes, but “zhangju” had 31 volumes. Like Oa Yang’s combining “Goo Ming” and “King Kong’s Mandate” into a chapter, Big and Small Hsia Ho edition excluded “Book Preface” and collected “Tai Shi” into a volume to make the total chapters 29 chapters as Fu Shen’s editon. “Goo Ming” and “King Kong’s Mandate” were consistent in the plots, and that was the reason that Oa Yang and Big and Small Hsia Ho combined these two into one. But as there were little differences in the genre, they were divided again into two chapters in East Jin Dynasty in consideration of their contents
The Information Distortion Problem in Op-Ed Translation: The Principle of Proportionality and Its Applications
No full text[[abstract]]本文從Project Syndicate 的新聞同業網站上，選取六篇由當今思想領導人所寫的專欄文章，作為分析的資料。這些文章的譯文乃是出自大陸方面的專業譯者。我們從六篇譯文當中，篩選出二十四組具有爭議性的句子，逐一探討，並且將這些例句的問題分為六大類。
透過以效益為依歸的比例原則，我們對翻譯的策略加以探討。我們的看法可歸納為三點：首先，應避免不恰當的句型轉換，或是用相似的意思取代原先的意思。基本上，這類策略的弊多於利。其次，對於轉折語氣與前後呼應兩種狀況，我們希望極力保留，這乃是基於這類語氣的轉達對資訊傳遞的影響事關重大。最後，當譯者處理原文簡約，涵意豐富的狀況時，也可以根據比例原則來決定應該以原文之文字或是完整表達原文所蘊含的涵意為依歸。[[abstract]]We selected six Op-Ed articles written by notable scholars from the Project Syndicate website. These editorials were translated by professional translators from Mainland China. After careful inspection, we chose a total of 24 controversial sentences for our analysis. We examined the translation problems in these sentences and classified these problems into six different categories.
According to the principle of proportionality, we suggest that, among other things, inappropriate syntactic transformation, together with irrelevant interpretations should be avoided as much as possible because it normally will create information distortion without the associated benefit of uncovering the professional knowledge that is embedded in the original text. In addition, priority should be given to the preservation of information that is implied in the original text when it does not require a great deal of translation editing. On the contrary, if the amount of editing involved is substantial in relation to the embedded information, the original writing style should be kept intact as much as possible
Chinese Character Teaching for L1 Learners and Its Bearing on Teaching Chinese to L2 Learners
No full text[[abstract]]近年來興起一股中文熱，學習華語的外籍人士有逐漸增加的趨勢。由於學習目標、語言背景及個人特質等差異，對於漢字掌握程度的不同會直接影響到華語的學習，因此可將漢字教學視為華語文教學的一大關鍵。
在全世界的語言教學中，所教語言與漢字有關係者都有漢字教學的任務，如中國、台灣、日本、韓國以及海外各種形式的華語教學等都在進行著不同類型的漢字教學。包括第一語言漢字教學，如中文、日語、韓語等母語教育中的漢字教學；以及對外漢字教學，如對外華語、對外日語以及對外韓語中的漢字教學等。
在此前提之下，本文先就前者，亦即第一語言漢字教學做一探討與比較，期望夠對於第一語言及華語文教學均有所啟發。[[abstract]]Chinese learning is on the increase in recent years with more foreigners learning the language. It is affected directly by the level of Chinese character comprehension due to the difference of a learner's objectives, language background and individual's personality, therefore, Chinese character teaching plays a key role in teaching Chinese as a second language. Chinese character-based language pedagogy of the world is assigned the task of Chinese character teaching. For instance, teaching Chinese as a first and second language is undergoing various forms of character teaching in China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea and abroad. The pedagogies include Chinese character teaching for L1 learners of native Chinese, Japanese and Koreans and Chinese character teaching for L2 learners of Chinese, Japanese and Korean. Given the premise, this paper intents to investigate and compare Chinese character teaching as a first language in the hope of shedding light on teaching Chinese as a first and second language