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Effect of a novel surface treatment on the biaxial flexural srength of zirconia ceramic
No full textPurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using a novel acid mixture as a surface treatment method with different mixing ratios and immersion times on the surface morphology and the biaxial flexural strength of zirconia ceramic.
materials and methods: Forty five zirconia ceramic disks (14mm diameter, 1.2mm thick) were constructed. The control group (n=5) received no surface treatment (Group X). The remaining discs were divided into four groups (n=10) according to the acid mixing ratio [Between hydrofluoric and nitric acid]: 1:4 (Group A), 2:3 (Group B), 3:2 (Group C) and 4:1 (Group D). Each group was subdivided into two subgroups according to immersion time: 5 minutes (Subgroup 5) and 10 minutes (Subgroup 10). Surface morphology of zirconia specimens was assessed using Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM). The biaxial flexural strength was measured by the piston- on-three-ball test in a universal testing machine. The loads at fracture (N) were recorded and the biaxial flexure strength (BFS) in MPa was calculated. Data was gathered and statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA (α = 0.05)
Computation of geometric representation of novel spectrophotometric methods used for the analysis of minor components in pharmaceutical preparations
No full textNovel spectrophotometric methods were applied for the determination of the minor component tetryzo- line HCl (TZH) in its ternary mixture with ofloxacin (OFX) and prednisolone acetate (PA) in the ratio of (1:5:7.5), and in its binary mixture with sodium cromoglicate (SCG) in the ratio of (1:80). The novel spec- trophotometric methods determined the minor component (TZH) successfully in the two selected mix- tures by computing the geometrical relationship of either standard addition or subtraction. The novel spectrophotometric methods are: geometrical amplitude modulation (GAM), geometrical induced ampli- tude modulation (GIAM), ratio H-point standard addition method (RHPSAM) and compensated area under the curve (CAUC). The proposed methods were successfully applied for the determination of the minor component TZH below its concentration range. The methods were validated as per ICH guidelines where accuracy, repeatability, inter-day precision and robustness were found to be within the acceptable limits. The results obtained from the proposed methods were statistically compared with official ones where no significant difference was observed. No difference was observed between the obtained results when compared to the reported HPLC method, which proved that the developed methods could be alternative to HPLC techniques in quality control laboratories
Estimating the Economic Quantities of Different Concrete Slab Types
No full textThe economy of the structural design of reinforced concrete buildings is usually evaluated by comparing the concrete volume per unit area and rebar weight per unit volume with certain empirical values depending on the type of the structure and the past experience of the judging engineer. The aim of this paper is to refine those empirical values and give that past experience the required scientific base. In order to achieve that goal, simplified methods of design that stated in most of reinforced concrete design codes are used to figure out the required quantities of concrete and reinforcement steel for different structural elements and types. Some reasonable assumptions are used to facilitate the mathematical formulas to be usable and presentable. Produced formulas are accurate enough to be used in rough estimation of concrete and rebar quantities, check quantity surveying results and evaluate the economy of the structural design. KEYWORDS: optimum quantities, rebar percentage, concrete slabs, cost estimation, quantity surveying
The top one hundred drugs
No full textStudy smart with student consult-- coverIncludes bibliographical references and index.viii, 273 p. ;Prescribing for the first time is a nerve-wracking experience. Of all the tasks performed by new doctors, it is probably the one with greatest direct impact on the wellbeing of patients. Safe and effective practice rests on a good understanding of both clinical pharmacology and practical prescribing. Acquiring this is not easy, particularly when faced with reams of information about hundreds of unfamiliar drugs, often presented in a way that appears detached from clinical reality.
This book is your starting point. It is a direct response to requests from students for a compendium of the 100 most important drugs in the NHS. Key information about the clinical pharmacology and practical prescribing of each drug is presented side-by-side, allowing you to direct your attention as appropriate for your stage of training. Drugs can be accessed alphabetically when you need quick information on the wards and by organ system or clinical indication when you are at your desk.
Research led by Professor Emma Baker has identified the ‘top 100 drugs’ by their importance and prescribing frequency. She has shown that the list changes little over time, making it a stable resource upon which to base learning.
"A great practical resource for those new to prescribing the text is aimed at those new to independent prescribing, and for that group I would consider. The Top 100 Drugs to be an excellent publication." Reviewed by Emma Watts, GP in Surrey on behalf of (journal) Pulse April 2015
"This handy, pocket-sized book is a great practical resource for those new to prescribing." Reviewed by Pulse, Apr 201
Phytochemical and Biological Evaluation of Cichorium intybus L. Seeds
No full textIn this study, we aim to demonstrate, separately, the hepatoprotective activity of the total ethanolic extract as well as the defatted ethanolic extract of Cichorium intybus L., using adult Wister albino rats (120-170 g) as the experimental animals. The total as well as the defatted alcoholic extracts of Cichorium intybus L., seeds possess significant hepatoprotective activity; which may be attributed to the individual or combined effects of the phytoconstituents of each extract separately. In this study, hepatic injury caused by carbon tetra chloride, was analyzed through estimation of AST (GOT), ALT (GPT), albumin and platelets in blood samples taken from the veins of orbital plexus of each animal as well as the histopathological examination of the liver. The effects of the extracts were comparable with standard drug Silymarin. On the other hand a GC-MS analysis was performed on the fatty acid composition of the lipoidal fraction for the seeds. The separated fatty acids were converted to their methyl ester and then subjected to the analysis
International economics : theory and policy / Paul R. Krugman, Princeton University, Maurice Obstfeld, University of California, Berkeley, Marc J. Melitz, Harvard University.
No full texteconomic&political bookfair2016Includes bibliographical references and index.785 pages :"For courses in International Economics, International Finance, and International Trade" "A balanced approach to theory and policy applications"...
"International Economics: Theory and Policy" provides engaging, balanced coverage of the key concepts and practical applications of the two main topic areas of the discipline. For both international trade and international finance, an intuitive introduction to theory is followed by detailed coverage of policy applications. With this new tenth edition, the author team of Nobel Prize-winning economist Paul Krugman, renowned researcher Maurice Obstfeld, and Marc Melitz of Harvard University continues to set the standard for International Economics courses. This program provides a better teaching and learning experience--for you and your students. It will help you to: - Personalize learning with MyEconLab This online homework, tutorial, and assessment program fosters learning and provides tools that help instructors to keep students on track.- Reveal theory and applications of trade and finance via a unified structure Balanced coverage of theory and applications aids student retention and highlights the relevance of course material.- Give students learning tools to master course material Numerous in-text learning resources engage students and encourage further exploration of course topics. Note: If you are purchasing the standalone text or electronic version, MyEconLab does not come automatically packaged with the text. To purchase MyEconLab please visit www.myeconlab.com or you can purchase a package of the physical text + MyEconLab by searching for 0133826945 / 9780133826944. MyEconLab is not a self-paced technology and should only be purchased when required by an instructor
A comparative study of the novel spectrophotometric methods versus conventional ones for the simultaneous determination of Esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate and Naproxen in their binary mixture
No full textTwo novel simple, specific, accurate and precise spectrophotometric methods manipulating ratio spectra are developed and validated for simultaneous determination of Esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate (ESO) and Naproxen (NAP) namely; absorbance subtraction and ratio difference. The results were com- pared to that of the conventional spectrophotometric methods namely; dual wavelength and isoabsorp- tive point coupled with first derivative of ratio spectra and derivative ratio. The suggested methods were validated in compliance with the ICH guidelines and were successfully applied for determination of ESO and NAP in their laboratory prepared mixtures and pharmaceutical preparation. No preliminary separation steps are required for the proposed spectrophotometeric procedures. The statistical compar- ison showed that there is no significant difference between the proposed methods and the reported method with respect to both accuracy and precision
OPTIMUM PENETRATION DEPTH OF CANTILEVER SHEET PILE WALLS IN DRY GRANULAR SOIL BASED ON RELIABILITY ANALYSIS CONCEPT AND ITS IMPACT ON THE SHORING SYSTEM COST
No full textThese instructions provide you guidelines for preparing papers for International Journal of Application or Innovation in Cantilevered sheet pile walls are commonly used in shoring systems of deep excavation down to about 5.00 m. The most common design procedure for this type of flexible retaining structures is to determine the required penetration depth for stability and then increasing the calculated penetration depth by 20% to 40% to achieve a factor of safety of about 1.5 to 2.0. This procedure has two disadvantages; first, the procedure does not give accurate values for penetration depth or corresponding factor of safety, second, it ignores the effect of uncertainty in the used geotechnical parameters. The first aim of this study is to overcome those two disadvantages by introduce an alternative formula to determine the optimum penetration depth of cantilever sheet pile walls in dry granular soil based on reliability analysis concept, while, the second aim is to study the impact of using the optimum depth on the cost of the shoring system. The study results assure the validity of provision of increasing the calculated penetration depth by (20% to 40%) and introduced a formula to calculate the required penetration depth to achieve probability of failure of 0.1% and proved that using this optimum depth can reduce the direct cost of the shoring system by 5% to 10% based on internal friction angle of soil
The Use of Education Management Information Systems in Higher Education Institutions: An Empirical Investigation of the Effect of Degree of Interactivity
No full textTechnology is capable of revolutionizing the management of higher education institutions and improving services they provide. However, this does not happen in many cases because, either the appropriate technology is not available, or because technology is simply not used. The last decade has seen substantial investments in technology infrastructure for higher education enterprises. Resource constrains and accreditations requirements oblige higher education institutions to set their technology priority and select the most appropriate systems. This paper suggests and empirically evaluates a predicting Higher Education Management Information Systems (HEMIS) use model. Built on well-established information systems user’s behavioural models, the model suggested by this research hypothesizes that degree of interactivity have significant effect on HEMIS use, where user’s attitude and intension to use are mediator factors. The paper reports the findings of an experiential survey study, conducted over 110 higher education administration staff of different managerial levels, in 7 different higher education entities, looking at their use of three types of HEMIS. Structural Equation Modelling is employed to evaluate the goodness-to-fit of the suggested model. The results provide empirical evidence on how interactivity affects user behaviour in HEMIS context. Furthermore, the study reports some interesting findings concerning the use of HEMIS highly interactive tools within the environment of higher education entities. Implications and suggestions for future research for both researchers and practitioners are discussed