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Effect of Tinidazole on Norfloxacin Disposition
No full textCo-administration of norfloxacin (NFX) and tinidazole (TNZ) has been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal and urinary tract infections. Concomitant oral administration of NFX with TNZ may affect NFX absorption and consequently its blood concentration and pharmacological effect. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of TNZ at the usual clinical dosage on the pharmacokinetics of NFX in healthy volunteers. This study was conducted as an open-label, randomized, two-way crossover experimental design. After an overnight fast, subjects were randomized to receive a single oral dose of NFX 400 mg alone and the fixed-dose combination (FDC) of NFX /TNZ 400 mg/600mg on two different occasions separated by 1 week washout period between treatments. Blood samples were
collected up to 24 h postdose, and plasma was analyzed for NFX concentrations by using
HPLC. The pharmacokinetic properties of NFX after FDC administration were compared with
NFX administered alone. Twelve healthy subjects were enrolled (6 in each part), and all subjects
completed the study. None of the participants showed any sign of adverse drug reactions during
or after the completion of the study. The 90% confidence interval (CI) between NFX alone and
when co-administered with TNZ indicated the presence of an interaction between NFX and
TNZ, which would significantly increase the systemic rate and exposure of NFX absorption.
The co-administration of TNZ with NFX increased the AUC and Cmax of NFX significantly
compared with administration of NFX alone. The AUC and Cmax of NFX alone were 6.0 µg.hr/
mL (2.3-9.8) and 0.87 µg/mL (0.4-1.6), respectively whereas the corresponding AUC and Cmax
values after administration of FDC were 7.1 µg.hr/mL (4.0-10.6) and 0.97 µg/mL (0.4-1.7),
respectively. The respective geometric mean ratios of NFX for AUC and Cmax with TNZ were
1.197 [90% CI, 0.941-1.522] and 1.087 (90% CI, 0.807 -1.463) compared with NFX alone.
Both Tmax and Ka of NFX showed a significant decrease after administration of the combination
compared to administration of NFX alone. The peak plasma concentration reached at 1.3 h
(0.6-2.4) and 1.9 h (0.4-4.4) after oral administration of FDC and NFX alone, respectively.
Both NFX and TNZ were well tolerated. The interaction of TNZ with fluroquinolones
should be investigated to determine whether this interaction is limited to NFX or if other
fluroquinolones have the same pharmacokinetic interactions. Further studies are necessary to
determine the role of P-gp and other transporters on NFX disposition and pharmacokinetics.
Additionally, the influence of TNZ on the physiological activity of GIT should be investigated
Molecular diagnosis of Entamoeba spp. versus microscopy in the Great Cairo
No full textAmoebiasis is a human disease produced by Entamoeba histolytica which causes widespread mortality and morbidity worldwide
through diarrheal disease and abscess establishment in parenchymal tissues such as liver, lung, and brain. The true prevalence
of infection is unknown for most areas of the world due to the difficulty to characterise Entamoeba histolytica versus other
non-pathogenic amoebas with identical morphology, as Entamoeba dispar, and Entamoeba moshkovskii. To overcome microscopy
misidentification issues, we tested a nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a real-time PCR on 194
stool samples collected from incoming dysentery patients in Cairo hospitals diagnosed with E. histolytica by microscopy. Nested
PCR showed only 20 (10.3%) samples positive to E. histolytica and 17 (8.7%) to E. dispar. The real-time PCR detected only
19 and 11 samples positive to E. histolytica and E. dispar respectively, showing less sensitivity than the nested PCR. The data
show that prevalence of E. histolytica in Cairo is lower when specific diagnosis methods are used instead of traditional microscopy, allowing to differentiate between morphologically identical human amoebas specie
British national formulary : book 74
No full textIncludes index."Published under the authority of a Joint Formulary Committee"--Preface.xx, 1529 pages :This biannual publication provides details on all medicines currently available on the UK market, with particular reference to their uses, contraindications, side effects, dosage and relative cost
FRAS: Face Recognition and Authentication System
No full textIn this paper, we present an automatic Face Recognition and Authentication (FRAS) System. The proposed System consists of three main phases, namely, Pre-processing, Feature Extraction, and Classification and Authentication phases. We use ORL faces database in the experiments. The most significant contribution of this work is using three face recognition methods; the Eigenface , the Fisherface and color histogram. The Eigenface is the first method considered as a successful technique of face recognition. The Eigenface method uses (PCA) to linearly project the image space to a low dimensional feature space. The Fisherface method is an enhancement of the Eigenface method that it uses (LDA) for the dimensionality reduction. The LDA maximizes the ratio of between-class scatter to that of within-class scatter; therefore, it works better than PCA for the purpose of discrimination. The color histogram based methods have proved simplicity and usefulness. Its idea was based on Color Histogram Quantization with 256 gray levels and using 24 quantization levels. We also use two classification methods (KNN) and (SVM). The proposed system has attained accuracy of 100% using color histogram features with KNN classifier and 95% using color histogram feature with SVM for ORL faces database of 40 persons with 10 image faces for each person
Effect of cardamonin on hepatic ischemia reperfusion induced in rats: Role of nitric oxide
No full textEuropean Journal of Pharmacology
Volume 815, 15 November 2017, Pages 446-453Ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is a cellular damage in a hypoxic organ following the restoration of oxygen delivery. It may occur during organ transplantation, trauma and hepatectomies. Nitric oxide (NO) effects during hepatic I/R are complicated. The iNOS-derived NO has a deleterious effect, whereas eNOS-derived NO has a protective effect in liver I/R. Cardamonin (CDN) is an anti-inflammatory molecule and a novel iNOS inhibitor, and Nω-Nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) is a NOS inhibitor. L-Arginine is a precursor of NOS. This study was designed to investigate the possible protective effects of CDN on hepatic I/R and the role of NO. Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (Sham, I/R, CDN, L-NNA and L-arginine). Liver ischemia was induced for 45 min then reperfusion was allowed for 1 h. L-Arginine and CDN ameliorated the deleterious effects of I/R through reducing the oxidative stress and hepatocyte degeneration. Both molecules decreased the elevated inflammatory cytokines and increased the antiapoptotic marker, Bcl2. Both agents increased NO and eNOS expression and decreased iNOS expression. In conclusion, increased NO/eNOS and suppression of iNOS expression have protective effects on I/R injury. While inhibition of eNOS and reduction of NO have deleterious effects on I/R injury. For the first time, we demonstrated that cardamonin improved functional and structural abnormalities of the liver following I/R by improving oxidative stress and inflammation and increasing the availability of NO produced by eNOS. Treatment with cardamonin could be a promising strategy in patients with hepatic I/R injury in different clinical situations
A novel fuzzy self tuning technique of single neuron PID controller for brushless DC motor
No full textDOI: 10.1109/MEPCON.2017.8301374In this paper, a combination ANN/Fuzzy techniques are used to design a Novel Fuzzy Single Neuron PID (NFSNPID) controller to achieve high performance brushless DC motor. The design steps include two parts. The first part uses the genetic algorithm (GA) to obtain the optimum parameters of Single Neuron PID (SNPID) controller, while the former deals with the design of fuzzy logic control to update the weights of SNPID control online. To demonstrate the designed controller effectiveness, a comparative study is made with between the NFSNPID, Conventional Fuzzy Single Neuron PID CFSNPID and SNPID. All controllers were used to drive, separately, the brushless DC motor against the sudden change of load and operating speed. The performed simulations show better results that motivate for further investigations
Effect of a Bioactive Material on Streptococcus Mutans Activity in Dentin
No full textDental caries is the most common bacterial infectious disease in humans,
Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are the main cariogenic factors(1,2)
.
These bacteria are the common putative pathogens isolated from human dental
plaque(3)
. Cariogenic properties of Streptococcus mutans are related to their ability
to adhere on teeth surfaces and to produce acids from dietary sugar, resulting in
dissolution of dental hard tissues(4)
. Antibiotics
may be useful during treatment of dental caries
by reducing viable bacterial count. Combining
antibiotics with dental restorative materials, were
able to sterilize caries lesions(5)
. Streptococcus
mutans are gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria.
They are facultative anaerobes, found in the
human oral cavity, and are major contributor
of tooth deca
Effects of Lorcaserin on Hypothalamo-PituitaryOvarian Axis in Female Rats
No full textThe current study aimed to investigate the effect of lorcaserin on estrous cyclicity, reproductive hormones and folliculogenesis in female rats. Groups were assigned as control group and lorcaserin
(5,10 and 30 mg/kg/day) groups. Estrous cycles were disturbed in 40%, 40% and 100% of lorcaserin (5, 10 or 30 mg/kg) treated rats, respectively. Lorcaserin (5, 10 or 30 mg/kg) increased estradiol and
reduced LH. Minimal edema with congested vessels was observed in the stroma of ovarian sections. Uterine sections depicted hyperplasia in the endometrium. These findings suggest that
lorcaserin should be used with caution in women of child bearing potential until complete safety data are available
IN VITRO ASSESSMENT OF WATER SORPTION, SOLUBILITY AND SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF COMPOMER AND GIOMER MATERIALS AFTER IMMERSION IN DIFFERENT BEVERAGES
No full textObjective: The purpose of the present study is to assess the water sorption, solubility and surface roughness of compomer and giomer restorative materials after storage in different immersion media.
Materials and Methods: Two resin-based restorative materials were selected for this study: Compomer (Twinky Star) and Giomer (Beautifil II). For water sorption and solubility, 6 disc-shaped specimens of each material were prepared according to manufacturers’ instruction. Measurements were done by weighing the samples before and after immersion in distilled water for 28 days and after desiccation. Values were statistically analyzed using student-t test (P-Value <0.05). For surface roughness, 18 disc-shaped specimens of each material were divided into three subgroups according to the immersion media; Mirinda orange, milk and distilled water as the control. Specimens were kept immersed for 28 days. Average baseline and after immersion surface roughness measurements were recorded using a 3D digital image processing technique. Values were statistically analyzed using One-way ANOVA (P-Value <0.05)
Results: Twinky Star represented significant lower water sorption and solubility values (0.181 mg/mm3 and 0.179 mg/mm3) when compared to Beautifil II (0.208 mg/mm3 and 0.207 mg/mm3), respectively. No significant difference in the surface roughness values between both materials after the immersion in either distilled water, Mirinda orange or milk. Conclusions: The higher sorption and solubility of Beautifil II compared to Twinky Star might compromise its performance and longevity. Immersion of compomer and giomer in water and sugar-sweetened beverages may seriously reduce the durability of both materials . Mirinda orange could potentially erode both materials
Future Business Journal Volume 3, Issue 1
No full textArticles : Effect of interest rate on bank deposits: Evidences from Islamic and non-Islamic economies --
The relationship between tourism, financial development and economic growth in India -- Inter and intra organizational negotiation during economic recession: An essay on the promotion of cooperation -- Assessing the domestic and foreign Islamic banks efficiency: Insights from selected Southeast Asian countries -- A new marketing mix model to rescue the hospitality industry: Evidence from Egypt after the Arab Spring -- Analyzing determinants influencing an individual׳s intention to use social commerce website --The Future Business Journal is a blind peer-reviewed journal that will be published bi-annually by Future University in Egypt. It is dedicated to increasing the depth of the subject across disciplines with the ultimate aim of expanding knowledge of the subject.
The Future Business Journal (FBJ) publishes conceptual and empirical research papers spanning all the major research fields in Management, Marketing, Accounting, Micro Economics, Management Information Systems, and Finance. The Journal's emphasis is on theoretical developments and their implementation, empirical, applied, and policy-oriented research in Management, Marketing, Accounting, Micro-Economics Management Information System and Finance. The Journal's purpose is to improve communications between, and within, the academic and other research communities and policymakers and operational decision makers. Future Business Journal fills a unique niche among business publications of its type by publishing articles that strike a balance between the practical and the academic fields, recognizing the intricate relationships between many areas of business activities.Future University In Egyp