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患者由来がん関連線維芽細胞を含む, 4種類の細胞の共培養による3次元器官型in-vitro口腔がんモデルの開発とその特徴解析
Get PDF新潟大学Niigata University博士（歯学）Aizawa, Y.; Haga, K.; Yoshiba, N.; Yortchan, W.; Takada, S.; Tanaka, R.; Naito, E.; Abé, T.; Maruyama, S.; Yamazaki, M.; et al. Development and Characterization of a Three-Dimensional Organotypic In Vitro Oral Cancer Model with Four Co-Cultured Cell Types, Including Patient-Derived Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts. Biomedicines 2024, 12, 2373. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12102373新大院博(歯)第582
HIV陰性患者におけるクリプトコッカス性髄膜脳炎の早期診断：脳MRIと臨床所見の統合
Get PDF新潟大学Niigata University博士（医学）Purpose
Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CM) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative patients are often diagnosed later than in HIV-infected patients, which increases mortality rates concerning the former. Consequently, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving clinical prognosis in HIV-negative patients. This study investigated the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in combination with clinical and laboratory findings for early diagnosis of CM in HIV-negative patients.
Methods
This retrospective cohort analysis included consecutive patients diagnosed with central nervous system (CNS) infections. Demographic profiles, laboratory findings, admission symptoms, and MRI findings were assessed. A comparative analysis between CM and other CNS infections was performed.
Results
Twelve HIV-negative patients were diagnosed with CM, while 38 exhibited other CNS infections (two fungal, 23 bacterial, 12 viral, one parasitic). Pseudocysts on MRI (p = 0.002), absence of fever (p = 0.001), headache (p = 0.005), and normal C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (p = 0.020) were specific findings in CM. By applying a cut-off value of one point in combination of pseudocysts, absence of fever, headache, and normal CRP levels in differentiating CM from other CNS infections, the sensitivity and specificity were calculated as 76.3 % and 91.7 %, respectively.
Conclusion
Integrating pseudocysts, absence of fever, headache, and normal CRP levels predicts early CM diagnosis, potentially improving outcomes.Kosei Nakamura, Masato Kanazawa, Yuka Koike, Takuya Konno, Osamu Onodera,
Early diagnosis of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis in HIV-negative patients: Integration of brain MRI and clinical findings,
eNeurologicalSci,
Volume 38,
2025,
100552,
ISSN 2405-6502,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensci.2025.100552.
(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405650225000061)新大院博(医)第1244
日本人2型糖尿病患者におけるエンパグリフロジン投与開始後の栄養素等および菓子類などの食品群の摂取量の変化：探索的研
Get PDF新潟大学Niigata University博士（医学）新大院博(医)第1249
自閉スペクトラム症における自発的な心の理論の研究：予期的注視と反応時間バイアスは一貫しているのか？
Get PDF新潟大学Niigata University博士（医学）Background: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit persistent deficits in social interaction and communication in adulthood. Pioneering studies have suggested that these difficulties arise from a lack of immediate, spontaneous mentalizing (i.e., theory of mind: ToM), specifically, an ability to attribute false beliefs to others, which should be usually acquired during neurotypical development. However, this view has been challenged by recent reports of nonreplications of spontaneous mentalizing, even in neurotypical adults.
Objectives: We aimed to evaluate (1) whether measurements of spontaneous ToM in two representative paradigms, gaze bias in the anticipatory looking (AL) test and reaction time bias in the object detection (OD) test, are correlated in neurotypical adults and (2) whether these two measurements are altered in individuals with ASD.
Methods: We developed a novel hybridized spontaneous false belief test combining the AL and OD paradigms to enable within-subject comparison of different spontaneous ToM measurements.
Results: The results obtained with our hybridized test replicated the earlier positive evidence for spontaneous ToM in both AL and OD paradigms. Our results also revealed a correlation between the participants’ spontaneous gaze bias in the AL paradigm and reaction time bias in the OD paradigm, indicating that the participants who had spontaneously anticipated other’s false belief driven actions more quickly detected the object. We further found that spontaneous gaze and reaction time biases were altered in individuals with ASD. Finally, we ascertained those inclusions of these biases as diagnostic variables in a regression model improved the accuracy of diagnosing ASD. ASD diagnosis was best predicted by the model when variables obtained from both AL and OD methods were included in the model.
Conclusions/implications: Our hybridized paradigm not only replicated spontaneous gaze bias in early AL studies and reaction time bias in the OD paradigms, but indicated significant correlation between them, suggesting that different implicit tasks tap the same spontaneous ToM in neurotypical adults. Group differences of these indices between ASD and neurotypical adult groups indicated that our task could help diagnose ASD, which is essential for evaluating the social difficulties that individuals with ASD face in adulthood.Onda K, Ichwansyah R, Kawasaki K, Egawa J, Someya T and Hasegawa I (2024)
Spontaneous theory of mind in autism: are anticipatory gaze and reaction time biases consistent?.
Front. Psychiatry 15:1189777.
doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1189777First Publication by Frontiers Media新大院博(医)第1255
酸性環境におかれた膀胱癌細胞はBcl-2とXIAPを介してシスプラチン耐性を獲得する
Get PDF新潟大学Niigata University博士（医学）Cisplatin (CDDP) remains a key drug for patients with advanced bladder cancer(BC), despite the emergence of new therapeutic agents; thus, the identification of factors contributing to CDDP treatment resistance is crucial. As acidity of the tumor microenvironment has been reported to be associated with treatment resistance and poor prognosis across various cancer types, our objectives in this study were to investigate the effects of an acidic environment on BC cells and elucidate the mechanisms behind CDDP resistance. Our findings show that BC cells cultured under acidic conditions developed cisplatin resistance as acidity increased. Notably, CDDP administered to BC cells in a pH 6.0 environment required double the concentration, compared to those in a pH 7.5 environment, to achieve equivalent toxicity. Using chloroquine and navitoclax, we identified the involvement of the Bcl-2 and LC3B pathways in the acquisition of CDDP resistance under acidic conditions. A Western blot analysis revealed that the activations of Bcl-2 and XIAP expression appear to inhibit both apoptotic and autophagic cell death. Taken together, these results suggest that alleviating the acidity of the tumor microenvironment in clinical settings might enhance BC sensitivity to CDDP.Hiruma, K.; Bilim, V.; Kazama, A.; Shirono, Y.; Murata, M.; Tomita, Y. Acidic Microenvironment Enhances Cisplatin Resistance in Bladder Cancer via Bcl-2 and XIAP. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47, 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47010043新大院博(医)第1261
