Journal of Humanities and Education Development (JHED)
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Environmental Issues Arising from Urbanization: A Study on the Ecological Consequences of Rapid Urban Growth
Get PDFUrbanization has become a hallmark of modern development, characterized by the expansion of cities and the migration of populations from rural to urban areas. While this transformation fosters economic growth, innovation, and improved living standards, it also brings with it a range of environmental challenges that threaten the sustainability of urban ecosystems. This paper examines the multifaceted environmental issues arising from rapid urban growth, focusing on the degradation of air and water quality, loss of biodiversity, deforestation, soil contamination, and the intensification of the urban heat island effect. Through a comparative analysis of urban centres in both developed and developing nations, this study highlights how unplanned and poorly managed urbanization exacerbates ecological stress. It draws on data from satellite magery, environmental reports, and scholarly literature to understand the extent and nature of environmental degradation in rapidly urbanizing areas. The findings reveal that while some cities have implemented effective sustainable development strategies, many continue to struggle with pollution, resource depletion, and inadequate waste management due to insufficient infrastructure and regulatory oversight. This research underscores the urgent need for integrated urban planning policies that prioritize environmental sustainability alongside economic development. Key recommendations include the incorporation of green infrastructure, stricter environmental regulations, public transportation development, and increased community participation in urban governance. By identifying both the causes and consequences of urbanization-induced environmental issues, this paper aims to contribute to a broader understanding of how urban planning can be reimagined to mitigate ecological harm and promote resilient, sustainable cities for the future
Spatial Distribution and Analysis of Crime in Haryana: A Geographical Perspective
Get PDFThe present research explores the regional patterns and intensities of IPC crimes across the districts of Haryana over ten years from 2013–14 to 2023–24. Utilizing official data from the NCRB and Statistical Abstracts of Haryana, the analysis highlights the uneven distribution of crime rates across the state. Districts such as Gurugram, Faridabad, Hisar, Karnal, and Panipat have emerged as high-crime zones, recording substantial increases in total IPC cases. Urbanization, population density, socio-economic changes, and improved reporting mechanisms are identified as key factors contributing to the rise. Conversely, districts like Bhiwani and Nuh show comparatively lower increases, though underreporting may be a factor. The use of geographical tools and spatial mapping brings clarity to the concentration and spread of criminal activity, aiding in the identification of crime hotspots. This spatial analysis underscores the importance of localized policing, preventive planning, and socio-economic interventions in curbing crime. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, law enforcement agencies, and researchers to devise data-driven strategies tailored to district-specific crime trends, thereby enhancing public safety and governance efficiency across Haryana
Physical Condition of Students (GRADES 1-2) in Primary Schools in Hanoi City
Get PDFThis study aims to assess the physical status of primary school students from grades 1 to 2 in Hanoi, focusing on anthropometric indicators and basic motor skills. Using a combination of actual measurement and survey methods, the study collected data on students\u27 height, weight, BMI, strength, endurance, and flexibility. The results showed apparent differences between age groups and genders, with many students not achieving optimal physical development. This suggests appropriate physical education programs and a balanced diet to support children\u27s comprehensive development
Self-Confidence in Learning Turkish: A Beginner-Level Analysis
Get PDFThis study explores the self-confidence levels of A1-level students learning Turkish as a foreign language and its impact on their learning process. Self-confidence in language learning is closely linked to motivation, willingness to communicate, and academic achievement. The research follows a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques. The study includes 162 students from the English Department at Cihan University in Iraq. Their self-confidence levels were assessed using a self-confidence scale and a Turkish language proficiency test. Additionally, semi-structured interviews provided insights into their experiences. Findings indicate that students generally exhibit moderate to high self-confidence. However, many hesitate due to fear of making mistakes and reluctance to participate in class. Qualitative analyses emphasize the importance of teacher and peer support while identifying fear of mistakes, sensitivity to criticism, and limited vocabulary as barriers. In conclusion, self-confidence plays a crucial role in learning Turkish. Pedagogical strategies that reduce fear of mistakes, create supportive environments, and encourage active language use are recommended. This study contributes to effective teaching strategies by highlighting self-confidence as a key factor in language learning
Understanding the Generalization of the Chinese Address Term “Laoshi” from Prototype Theory
Get PDFIn recent years, the use of the address term “laoshi” (teacher) has become extremely common in both real-life and online communication. This social address term is no longer synonymous solely with “educator” but carries richer referential meanings. As for the reasons for the generalization of “laoshi”, they extend beyond linguistic factors such as its inherent characteristics and gaps in the Chinese address system, also including social factors like widespread recognition of the teaching profession, alignment with public psychology, and the profound influence of Confucian thought over millennia. Therefore, the term “laoshi” with cognitive fuzziness has important functions in our lives. This research adopts the perspective of cognitive linguistics, applying prototype theory to analyze this cognitive fuzziness and demonstrate that the generalization of “laoshi” positively facilitates communication
Perceptions and Types of Workloads among Chemistry Teachers in Middle Secondary Schools
Get PDFThis study explored perception and types of workloads for middle secondary school chemistry teachers, in one of the districts of Bhutan. The participants included chemistry teachers (n=7), Principals (n=4), and class 9 and 10 students (n=200). Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, survey questionnaires, classroom observation, and document analysis such as chemistry teachers’ teaching schedule, job delegation documents, and class 9 and 10 students’ chemistry notebooks (n=32). The qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis while the quantitative data were analysed using the features such as mean and standard deviation of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The findings of the study highlighted that the chemistry teachers’ workloads were perceived as heavy, caused by 4 different types of workloads such as academic workloads, non-academic workloads, workloads due to inadequate academic resources, and nature of chemistry
Cognitive Construction Grammar in Translation Studies
Get PDFThe construction grammar (CG), as a major ramification of cognitive linguistics, has attracted more and more attention in recent years. The study of grammar under cognitive construction grammar takes "construction" as the basic unit of translation, uses the concept of construction to elaborate and explain various phenomena and thinking representations in the field of translation, and reveals the law and essence of translation behavior from the cognitive level. This paper briefly discusses the integration of the constructional grammar and translation studies, reviews and evaluates the principles and strategies of the constructional grammar in promoting translation, the development of translation process and translation transformation, and finally discusses the contribution of translation studies in promoting the constructional grammar
Developing Speaking Fluency through AI-Powered Applications for Undergraduate EFL Students in Kurdistan
Get PDFThis research investigated the development of speaking fluency among undergraduate students through the use of AI-powered applications at universities in Kurdistan. In response to evolving educational technology, AI tools have become valuable resources for enhancing language-learning experiences. The study involved 105 participants from four universities who engaged with various AI applications designed to improve their speaking skills. Using a mixed-method approach, the research examined how these tools supported students in practicing and refining their language abilities in interactive environments, providing immediate feedback and opportunities for self-directed learning. This approach helped students improve pronunciation, speech patterns, and overall confidence in real-life communication. The findings revealed that most EFL students held positive views of AI-powered applications, reporting enhanced learning experiences, improved speaking confidence, and reduced anxiety. Conversation practice emerged as the most helpful feature, followed by vocabulary building and pronunciation feedback. Students expressed that AI tools made language practice more enjoyable and effective, encouraging consistent use and recommendations to peers. The research highlights the significant role of AI-powered applications in fostering speaking fluency and emphasizes their potential to create engaging, supportive environments in EFL education, offering valuable insights for educators and universities in Kurdistan
Application of the Framework of Reference for Intercultural Competence Teaching in China’s Foreign Language Education in Senior High School English Reading Instruction: A Case Study
Get PDFCultivating intercultural competence is a critical objective in English language teaching. This paper explores the practical application and pedagogical reflections of integrating the Framework of Reference for Intercultural Competence Teaching into senior high school English reading instruction. By employing backward design aligned with the framework, the study aims to foster students’ deep comprehension of texts, enhance their intercultural awareness, cultivate positive intercultural attitudes, and ultimately develop their intercultural competence
The Power of Think Tanks: Shaping U.S. Economic and Foreign Policy: Personal opinion, review and thoughts
Get PDFIn the era of excessive information, while some may argue that America’s economy and public policy are primarily shaped by media or corporate interests, think tanks stand out as penetrating and forming forces. Although their name may sound foreign, these research institutes are the main drum intelligentsia, giving the government and private businesses insight, analysis, and suggestions that influence policies and decisions. Moreover, from social issues to economic policy and welfare strategies, in the above order, the work of think tanks is not simply academic, it is pragmatic. In this review, the anatomy of think tanks including their missions, methods, and myriads of webs of influence and power will be explained in this research