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Optimization of Remazol Brilliant Blue R dye removal by novel biosorbent P. eryngii immobilized on Amberlite XAD-4 using response surface methodology
No full textThis study investigates preparation of biosorbent Pleurotus eryngii immobilized on Amberlite XAD-4 and the optimal conditions for removal of Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) reactive dye from synthetic aqueous solutions. The process was optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM) developed by the application of the quadratic model associated with the central composite design. For this purpose, RSM was employed to determine the effects of operational parameters on this material as effective and available adsorbent. The investigated variables were dye initial concentration (10–60 mg L−1), solution pH (2–9), adsorbent dosage (0.1–0.5 g), and temperature (20–45°C). The significant factors on each experimental design response were identified from the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The RSM indicated that optimum conditions of initial dye concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage, and temperature for maximum RBBR removal (98%) were achieved as 36.3 mg L−1, 2.0, 0.304 g, and 38.7°C, respectively. The results showed that this biosorbent was an appropriate adsorbent for the removal of RBBR from aqueous solutions
Screening of total antioxidant status of Ricotia L. and some grammosciadium Dc species from Turkey
No full textThis study was aimed at screening the total antioxidant status (TAS) of genus Ricotia L. and some Grammosciadium L.from Turkey in order to find new potential sources of natural antioxidants. The TAS level of a total of 12 plant extracts from non-edible plant materials was examined. According to the results, hexanic extract of R. sinuata plant exhibited the lowest antioxidant status (2.41 mmol Trolox equivalent/l). The highest TAS level was determined in ethanolic extract of the G. daucoides (4.36 mmol Trolox equivalent/l). As a result, due to its antioxidative properties, ethanolic extract of G. daucoides can be utilized as a natural source of antioxidant
Synthesis and x-ray structural characterizatıon of 1-(5-bromobenzofuran-2-yl)-2- mesitylethanoneoxime and 1-(5-bromobenzofuran-2-yl)-2-mesitylethanone-o- (2- phenylacetyl)oxime
No full textThe selected molecules of benzofuran derivatives were synthesized and their structures were studied using the X-ray crystallography and spectroscopic
methods. The 1-(5-bromobenzofurane-2-yl)-2-mesitylethanoneoxime (I), C19H18BrNO2, and 1-(5-bromobenzofuran-2-yl)-2-mesitylethanone-O-(2-phenylacetyl)
oxime (II), C27H24BrNO3, crystallize in the monoclinic crystal system in space group P21/c with Z = 4 and in the triclinic system in space group P-1 with Z=2,
respectively. The both compounds adopt Z conformation. The compound (I) consists of a dimeric arrangement of molecules around an inversion centre formed
via a O-H…N intermolecular hydrogen bond linking the molecules – Along the a axis. This centrosymmetric hydrogen-bonded dimers are formed with an (6)
ring motif. The compound (II) forms one dimensional infnite chain via C–H···O hydrogen bond along the a axis. Moreover, in the crystal structures of (I), (II)
weak C-H..O, C-H…π and π…π interactions serve to organize formation of a two dimensional network. Moreover a short N1-N1 intermolecular contact [2.89 Å]
is observed between inversion-related chains in the crystal structure of (I). The two compounds have essentialy similar bond lengths and angles. The prominent
discrepancy is observed for the fragment attaching benzofuran ring with mesityl group. Benzofuran groups and other ring groups are almost planar in the crystal
structures of (I) and (II
Influence of stock density on digestive enzyme activity trypsin heat shock protein 70 HSP70 and oxidative stress biomarkers of narrow clawed crayfish Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz 1823 Decapoda Astacidae
No full textStocking density causes changes in behaviour and physiology of aquatic animals and high density can cause oxidative damage in living cells. Therefore, experiments were designed to investigate the effects of stocking density on the oxidant-antioxidant response (glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA)), digestive enzyme activity (trypsin), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) of narrow clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus). The experiment was conducted to assess effects by stocking 3, 6, 9 and 12 crayfish/m2. Crayfish were stocked into 12 fiberglass tanks, three replicates per treatment and fed for 45 days. Our results indicated that activity of GSH-Px, MDA, and GSH levels increased in hepatopancreas (p<0.05) and muscle tissues (p<0.05) with increasing stock concentration while CAT activity decreased (p<0.05). Trypsin and HSP70 insignificantly increased in haemolymph. In conclusion, oxidative stress biomarkers were negatively influenced by increased quantitative changes in stocking density
Biochemical response in crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823) exposed to textile wastewater treated by indigenous white rot fungus Coriolus versicolor,
No full textThe discharge of textile effluents into the environment without appropriate treatment poses a serious threat for the aquatic organisms. The present study was undertaken to investigate biochemical response of crayfish Astacus leptodactylus exposed to textile wastewater (TW) treated by indigenous white rot fungus Coriolus versicolor. Glutathione S-transferase (GST), cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) levels in hepatopancreas and abdomen tissues of crayfish exposed to untreated, treated, and diluted rates (1/10) in both TW during 24 and 96 h were tested. Physiochemical parameters (electrical conductivity (EC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, and total dissolved solid (TDS)) of TW were determined before and after treatment. Physiochemical parameters of TW decreased after treatment. The GST activity and AchE were generally increased, but CYP1A1 activity was decreased in hepatopancreas tissue of crayfish exposed to different kinds of untreated TW. After treatment by indigenous white rot fungus (C. versicolor), GST and CYP1A1 activities were returned to control values, while AchE activities were increasing further. In this study, only GST and CYP1A1 activities of A. leptodactylus confirmed the efficiency of TW treatment with C. versicolor
Formaldehit ile modifiye edilmiş şeker pancarı küspesi kulllanılarak kesikli sistemde sulu çözeltiden bazik kırmızı 46'nın giderimi
No full textBu çalışmada, şeker pancarı küspesi (ŞPK), ilk olarak, sodyum hidroksit çözeltisi ile işleme tabi
tutuldu ve ikinci olarak, birinci kademeden elde edilen saponifiye şeker pancarı küspesi, formaldehit
ile modifiye edildi. Şeker pancarı küspesinden formaldehit ile modifiye edilmiş ürün (ŞPKF), sulu
çözeltiden bazik kırmızı 46 (BK46)’nın giderimi için kullanıldı. Giderim için etkin doz, 2 g/L olarak
belirlendi. 25°C’de, 0.5 mM derişimdeki 100 mL BK46 çözeltisi, 2 g/L dozundaki ŞPKF ile kesikli
kaplarda 360 dakika çalkalandı ve bu koşullar altında BK46'nın % 80.8'inin giderildiği belirlendi.
Ayrıca, BK46 giderimi üzerine pH ve sorbent dozunun etkileri incelendi. Zamana karşı elde edilen
sorpsiyon kapasitesi değerleri, yalancı birinci mertebe, yalancı ikinci mertebe, Elovich, gözenek
difüzyonu, modifiye Freundlich ve Banghman kinetik modellerine uygulandı ve BR46 giderimi için en
iyi model, yalancı ikinci derece kinetik model olarak tespit edildi. 0.10-2.50 mmol/L arası başlangıç
konsantrasyonlarındaki BR46 çözeltileri, 2 g/L dozundaki sorbentler ile temas ettirildi ve çeşitli denge
verileri elde edildi. Bu denge verileri, Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Frumkin, Temkin
ve Elovich izotermleri kullanılarak analiz edildi ve verilerin en iyi uyum sağladığı izotermlerin
Langmuir ve Dubinin-Radushkevich izotermleri olduğu tespit edildi
Aquafishing in Keban Dam Lake
No full textDünya gıda üretimi, hızla artan dünya nüfusuna bağlı olarak çeşitli yöntemlerle artırılmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, su ürünleri üretiminde artış görülmektedir. Su ürünleri dünyanın her ülkesinde yaygın olarak tüketilen, protein değeri yüksek bir besin kaynağıdır. Günümüzde su ürünleri üretimi, deniz ve okyanusların yanı sıra iç sularda avcılık ve kültür yöntemleriyle yaygın olarak yapılmaktadır. Türkiye’de de 1990’lardan beri kültür balıkçılığı hızlı bir gelişme göstermektedir. Keban Barajı ülkemizin önemli bir hidroelektrik barajı olmasının yanı sıra, özellikle 2000 yılından sonra, önemli bir “iç su” balık üretim alanı haline gelmiştir. Üretim kapasitesi 2014 yılında 40.000 ton/yıla ulaşmıştır. Üretilen balıklar ülke genelinde tüketildiği gibi, ihraç da edilmektedir. Keban Barajı’nda sürdürülen balıkçılık faaliyeti Elazığ, Tunceli ve Erzincan illerinde yeni bir istihdam alanı oluşturmuştur.The world food production is being tried to be increased in various ways depending on the increasing
world population. In this context, there is an increase in the production of aquaculture In every country of the world aquatic products are widely consumed because of high nutrient value protein source. Today
aquaculture production is made in inland water ways hunting and culture methods with widely produced as
well as seas and oceans. Since 1990s, in Turkey culturefishing has showed a rapid development.
Keban dam is an important hydroelectric dam and after 2000, it has become an important internal waters
fishproduction of our country. Its production capacity has reached 40.000 tons/year in 2014. Fishes which are produced area so exported. Fishing activities carrying out in Keban dam have constituted a new imployment field in the provinces of Erzincan, Elazığ, Tunceli
Synthesis of mid chain functional macrophotoinitiators of poly D L lactide homopolymer and tetrablock poly D L lactide poly caprolactone copolymer by ring opening polymerization
No full textWe have synthesized novel biobased and environmental friendly mid-chain functional macrophotoinitiators of poly(D,L-lactide) homopolymer (PDLLA-PI-PDLLA) and tetrablock poly(D,L-lactide)-poly(ε-caprolactone) copolymer (PDLLA-PCL-PI-PCL-PDLLA) with controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions via ring-opening polymerization (ROP). Mid-chain functional poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA-PI-PDLLA) macrophotoinitiator was prepared by ROP of D,L-lactide (DLLA) monomer using a dihydroxy-functional photoinitiator (HO-PI-OH) as the initiator and stannous-2-ethyl hexanoate (Sn(Oct)2) as the catalyst. Tetrablock poly(D,L-lactide)-poly(ε-caprolactone) copolymer (PDLLA-PCL-PI-PCL-PDLLA) with a mid-chain photofunctional group was synthesized via sequential ROP of ε-caprolactone and D,L-lactide using Sn(Oct)2 as the catalyst. The resultant polymers were fully characterized by means of 1H NMR, FTIR, UV–vis, Fluorescence, and GPC techniques. The obtained macrophotoinitiators were used as a prepolymer in photoinitiated free radical polymerization for obtaining AB-type diblock copolymer and ABC-type triblock terpolymer
Kültürel birikimlerimiz ve anadolu rönesansının kodları
No full textAnadolu Rönesansını gerçekleştirebilmek için kültürel birikimlerimizden nasıl faydalanmalıyız ve Anadolu Rönesansının kodları bu yazıda ele alınmaktadır
Our music culture In Turkish proverbs and idioms
No full textOne of the most important public oral cultural treasuries is idioms and proverbs. These words of wisdom are public elements having been told from mouth to mouth for centuries and having high aspects of meaning and conception. It is likely to form opinions about many points regarding society like life styles, morals and value judgments, mentality, mores etc. and trace the past through this rich treasury. For sure music is also one of these elements. Music, just like idioms and proverbs are values carrying cultural codes of society in which they are produced. Beyond being an art branch, it is important for modern-day music science to examine music along with different variables of culture. In this article, the place and the importance of music in Turkish community life is examined by compiling idioms and proverbs regarding music in Turkish culture. Thus, it is aimed to form an opinion about which musical instruments are given place in the daily life of the community, the use of music in different areas of life and the importance of music in Turkish culture and the instruments that are used in Anatolia and take part in the daily life of the community are revealed in some way