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“Investigation of the Antibacterial Effect of Some Hydrosols against Yersinia ruckeri in the Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758)”,
No full textIn this study, antibacterial effects of some plant hydrosols (distilled plant waters) based upon some hematologic
parameters and NBT activities in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) infected with Yersinia ruckeri
were investigated. In the study, It was utilized totally 125 common carps with 27. .40 g mean live weight. The rates
of 10 % of the common yarrow (Achillea millefolium Linnaeus) hydrosol; 0.5 % of the cinnamon (Cinnamomum
zeylanicum Blume) hydrosol; and 5 % of the rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis Linnaeus) hydrosol, determinate
previously the lethal doses of them were applied as a bath treatment. The erythrocyte (RBC), leukocyte count (WBC),
hematocrit value (HCT), haemoglobin amount (Hg), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin
(MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin blood samples taken from the caudal vena of the control and experimental fish were analyzed in the 7th, 14th, and 21st
days of the exposure application. End of the research, no significant changes has been statistically observed in the HCT,
Hg, MCH, RBC, and WBC values of fish exposure to bath treatment (p>0.05). But, the differences in the values of
MCV and MCHC, and NBT activities were statistically found significant (p<0.05). It was detected that especially
hydrosols of rosemary and cinnamon increased the haematological parameters, and maximized the NBT activities
according to the values of infected control group. It has been consequently reached the conclusion that the bath
treatments of the hydrosols might be beneficial in increasing of antibacterial properties and in strengthening of
antioxidant mechanisms of common carp against Y. ruckeri pathogen
In Vitro Effect of Zinc: Evaluation of theSperm Quality of Endangered Trout Salmo Coruhensis and Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss and Fertilizing Capacity.
No full textThis study was intended to reveal the usefulness of Zinc in endangered trout Salmo coruhensis and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss sperm. Spermatozoa were activated in sperm motility-activation solutions (NaCl, 0.3%; NaHCO3, 1%) containing the Zinc [Control (0), 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mM]. The percentage and duration of motility, fertility and hatching rate were determined in sperm samples. Our results indicated that the percentage and duration of motility, fertility and hatching rate increased when activation solution containing NaHCO3 was supplemented with 1 mM Zinc in rainbow trout (O. mykiss). On the contrary, motility rate in endangered trout (S. coruhensis) was increased by Zinc compared to control group. The percentage and duration of motility, fertility and hatching rate were affected by increasing concentrations of Zinc in endangered trout (S. coruhensis) and rainbow trout (O. mykiss) (p<0.05). In conclusion, sperm quality was affected by quantitative changes different concentrations of Zinc and the best results were obtained from a concentration of 1 mM for rainbow trout
Sosyo-kültürel yapı ve toplumsal kalkınma dinamikleri
No full textToplumsal kalkınma dinamiklerine etki eden sosyo kültürel yapının temel öğeleri değerlendirilmekte ve yorumlar geliştirilmektedir
The Role of Glutathione in The Detoxificationof Perchloroethylene
No full textEnvironmental factors have important roles in the development of cancer. Especially, the exposure of chemicals existing in the workplace with people is a very important issue. People at such places are
exposed to chemicals more especially via respiratory and dermal route. Thus, their health is under the risk. Dry cleaning centers are intensively subjected to PCE, which is a common chemical used at these work places, and the risk of cancer is very high for them. The main aim of the present study is to investigate, if PCE exposure results in glutathione efflux from human erythrocytes. In the present study, the changes in intracellular and extracellular non-protein sulfhydryl (NPSH) levels were determined in PCE exposed erythrocytes. PCE significantly depleted intracellular NPSH level in a time and concentration-dependent manner. PCE significantly increased the NPSH levels measured in the extracellular media. Along with the change in extracellular nonprotein thiol levels, significant
increases in extracellular glutathione levels were detected. Erythrocyte membranes were not
damaged over the course of PCE exposure as indicated by the absence of lactate dehydrogenase
activity in the extracellular media. Utilization of MK571 an MRP inhibitor decreased the rate of
glutathione efflux from erythrocytes suggesting a role for this membrane transporter in the process.
The results of the present study indicate that erythrocytes efflux glutathione when exposed to
PCE. In addition to glutathione oxidation, glutathione efflux also contributes to intracellular loss of glutathione when exposed PCE
The efficacy of chamomile (matricaria chamomilla) oil as a promising anaesthetic Agent for two freshwater aquarium fish species
No full textThe efficacy of anesthetic chamomile oil (from Matricaria chamomilla L.)
was evaluated in two freshwater aquarium fish species, Electric Blue Hap
(Sciaenochromis fryeri) and Yellow Princess (Labidochromis caeruleus). Fish
were exposed to ten concentrations of anesthetic (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4,
0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0 ml/L). The optimal concentrations identified
as 0.6 ml/L for deep anesthesia (A5) for both two species. The minimal
sedative concentration at the stage of loss of equilibrium (A3) was found to
be 0.3 ml/L. The induction time generally decreased significantly with
increasing concentrations of chamomile oil for all treatment groups.
Recovery time tended to increase with increased chamomile oil at
concentrations lower than 0.7 ml/L, but after this concentration it
decreased. Chamomile oil proved to be effective as an anesthetic for both
ornamental fish species. These findings suggest that chamomile oil is a
promising anesthetic agent for aquaculture. However, further studies should
be focused on species based investigations on the effect of temperature,
transfer of fish, and their effect on antioxidant and oxidant status, in order
to gather further information
Türkiye işçi hareketleri tarihinde imalat-ı harbiye işçileri
No full textTürkiye’de ilk endüstrileşme devlet eliyle silah sanayisi alanında gerçekleşmiştir. Avrupa’daki gibi
sanayi gelişmediğinden işçi sınıfı oluşmamıştır. Ancak 19. Yüzyılın sonlarına doğru sadece emeğiyle
geçinen bir emekçi kitlenin oluşmaya başladığı görülmektedir. Avrupa’da gelişen işçi hareketleri
İmalat-ı Harbiye/Tophane işçilerini etkilemiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nde ilk işçi örgütü Tophane işçileri
arasında gizli olarak “Tophane Amele Cemiyeti” adıyla 1894’te kurulmuştur. II. Meşrutiyetle birlikte
siyasette sosyalizm temsil edilmeye başladı. Mütareke Dönemi’nde İstanbul’da faaliyet gösteren
Türkiye İşçi ve Çiftçi Sosyalist Fırkasında İmalat-ı Harbiye işçileri oldukça faaldiler. Tarihimizde ilk işçi
mebus olma unvanını taşıyan Numan Usta İmalat-ı Harbiye işçilerindendi. Anadolu’da gelişmekte
olan Halk İştirakiyun ve Türkiye Komünist Fırkası içinde oldukça etkin işçiler bulunmaktaydı. İşçi
hareketlerinin hayli arttığı 1920-1922 yılları arasında sosyalist örgütlenme ile Komünist Partisi
arasında bir yarış olduğu görülmektedir. Bu makalede Osmanlı Devletinin son dönemi ve Kurtuluş
Savaşı yıllarında İmalat-ı Harbiye Fabrikalarında çalışan işçilerin, işçi hareketlerindeki yeri ve
faaliyetleri incelenecektir
Determination of trophic status carlson index induced on Uzunçayır Dam Lake (Tunceli)
No full textBu çalışma ile Tunceli ilinde yer alan Uzunçayır Baraj Gölü'nün trofık durumunun belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Mayıs 2013- Nisan 2014 tarihleri arasında seçilmiş örnekleme noktasından seki diski, klorofil a, toplam fosfor ve toplam azot değerleri aylık olarak ölçülmüştür. Uzunçayır Baraj Gölü'nün trofik durumunun belirlenmesi için Carlson 'un trofik sınıflandırma indeksleri (TSI) kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar göstermiştir ki Uzunçayır Baraj Gölünde seki diski derinliği l,48-ll,04 m, klorofil 0-34,3 ug/L, fosfat 0,06-1,12 ug/Lve toplam azot 0-3,82 ug/L arasında değişim göstermiştir. Seki diski ile klorofil arasında negatif bir korelasyon bulunmuştur. TNzTP oranına göre fitoplankton gelişiminin azot tarafından sınırladığı tespit edilmiştir. Carlson'in ortalama TSI değerlerine göre ise oligotrofik seviyede olduğu saptanmıştır.This study wascarıied out to determine trophic status of Uzunçayır Dam Lake. Forthis aim, secchi disk depth, chlorophyll a, total phosphorus and nitrogen values ofthree stations on the dam lake were measured at monthly between May 2013-April 2014.Uzunçayır Dam lake, secchi depth 1.48-11.04 m, chlorophyll from O-34.3 ug/L, phosphorus from 0.06-1.12 ug/L and nitrogen from O-3.82 ug/L It was found that secchi disk was negatively correlated to chlorophyll a. According to TN: TP rate, it was determined that phytoplankton development to be limited by nitrogen.According to the mean value ofCarlon's TSI, the dam lake was oligotrophi
Adsorption of Cu(II) Ions with pumice
No full textClay minerals are frequently used natural adsorbents in removing heavy metal ions from the waste solid by the adsorption process. In this study, removal of Cu (II) metal ions from aqueous solutions was investigated using natural pumice as an adsorbent source. The copper solutions were prepared by dissolving CuSO4.5H2O in distilled water. All adsorption experiments were carried out at the laboratory temperature. All experiments were carried out in 150 mL sealed flasks. In each experiment, a certain amount of pumice (0.1-0.5 g/L) solution was added after a 50 mL solution of Cu (II) was placed in a given initial concentration (0.00005-0.0005 mol/L). The stirring speed was set at 200 rpm. The processes were performed for various contact times (5-180 min). The initial pH’s of the sample solutions were adjusted with diluted H2SO4. At the end of each contact time, the amount of Cu (II) ion in solution was determined by AAS (Perkin Elmer AAnalyst 800) and the amount of Cu(II) ion adsorbed by the pumice was calculated from the difference between the amount of copper determined before and after the treatment. In order to demonstrate the adsorption removal efficiency of some heavy metal ions, different studies have been carried out with low cost killer with metal binding capacity. In this context, different clay minerals such as activated carbon which is an expensive adsorbent, activated carbon, bentonite, sepiolite, kaolin, geotite and pumice which are obtained from more economical biomass are used in adsorbtion studies. The adsorption capacity was found to be lower when pumice was compared with other killers. Cu (II) ions were removed with 91 % yield
Doğu-batı özgürlük anlayışının oluşumunda felsefi bakış
No full textAvrupa ve Asya kıtalarındaki özgürlük anlayışları ve o anlayışa götüren temel faktörler üzerinde değerlendirmeler yapılmaktadır
Seasonal Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria spp. and Salmonella spp. in Fermented Sausages, Sosis and Salami in Eastern Turkey
No full textThe goal of our study was to characterize the proportions and seasonal prevalence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7, Listeria spp. and Salmonella spp. in fermented sausages, sosis and salami. A total of 192 samples consisting of sausage (n=96), sosis (n=48) and salami (n=48) purchased from different butcher shops and markets in the Elazig Province of eastern Turkey for one year duration were processed and tested by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of E. coli O157:H7, Listeria spp. and Salmonella spp. L. innocua was found to be the most predominant Listeria spp. in fermented sausages and sosis whereas, L. monocytogenes (1.04%) and Salmonella spp. (1.04%) were detected at much lower prevalence in fermented sausage. No L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. were determined in salami samples. In addition, no Salmonella spp. was detected in sosis samples. L. welshimeri (12.5%) was observed most frequently on salami samples. No E. coli O157:H7 was isolated in any samples of fermented sausage, sosis and salami. Seasonal prevalence of Listeria spp. in fermented sausages, sosis and salami was highest in July, with no L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. being isolated during autumn, winter and spring months of the year. Although the proportion of L. monocytogenes in fermented sausages and sosis is much lower in the current study, the presence of L. monocytogenes in these samples in the Elazig Province of eastern Turkey could still present a major public health threat