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An ethnobotanical field study; Traditional foods production and medicinal utilization of Gundelia L. species in Tunceli (Turkey)
No full textThis article gives important ethnobotanical information about Gundelia L. (Kenger) in Tunceli (Eastern Anatolia Region-Turkey). Traditional use of three newly discovered species of Kenger (G. vitekii, G. dersim, G. munzuriensis) in and around Tunceli, as well as Gundelia glabra Miller, has been investigated. A field study had been carried out for a period of approximately two years (2015–2016). During this period, 27 Gundelia L. species were collected. Nine different traditional uses of Kenger plant as food were recorded. Local people use Kenger plant as egg meal with olive oil, watery food with rice, food with garlic yogurt, salad, pickle, gum, coffee, snack and animal feed. Since the plants are newly discovered, the first literature records have been made by us
Effects of technology usage on the addictive behaviors of secondary school students
No full textPURPOSE:
This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between technology usage and technology addiction among secondary school students.
DESIGN AND METHODS:
This descriptive research was conducted in April 2018 with 840 students in Eastern Turkey.
FINDINGS:
The average Internet and digital-gaming addiction scores of the participating students were found to be significantly higher among those who used computers, smartphones, and tablets daily and for long periods of time.
IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE:
Using technological devices regularly and for long periods of time increases the level of Internet and digital-gaming addiction. Thus, it is important to increase students' awareness of the need to use technological devices appropriately
Effects of Zn and ZnO nanoparticles on artemia salina and daphnia magna Organisms: toxicity, accumulation and elimination
No full textIn the study, Zn in the size of 40–60 nm and 80–100 nm and ZnO in the size of 10–30 nm were applied to A. salina and D. magna individuals in 7 groups with 3 repetitions. Measurements were made at 24th, 48th and 72nd hours and elimination values were examined at +24 h. LC50 values of NPs were determined and chemical analysis (metal accumulation and elimination), ion quantities which were given to the environment and the survival rates of organisms were determined after the exposure. According to the results of phase contrast microscopy, it was found that both experimental organisms absorbed the NPs in the medium level. In the toxicity results of D. magna, it can be said that Zn NP (40–60 nm) has a highly toxic effect only at 50 ppm concentration for 48 h and lethal dose can be accepted as of 5 ppm at the end of 72 h. In A. salina individuals, it is clearly seen that there is an increase in mortality in organisms parallel to the dose increase. Although all NPs were applied to organisms in low doses corresponding to environmental values, it was observed that toxic effect was in parallel with the increase in time. It is clearly known that there is the inverse proportion between the size of NPs and the toxic effect. The smaller the size of NPs is, the higher the toxic effect becomes When the results of Zn accumulation and elimination of A. salina and D. magna individuals exposed to the Zn and ZnO NPs were examined; it was found that accumulation and elimination occurred in parallel with the increase in concentration at each application hour and elimination. Intensive and possible misuse of nanoscale materials is one of the biggest threats to the environment and all living things worldwide
An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in Ballakayati (Erbil, North Iraq)
No full textThis study aims to identify wild plants used for medical purposes by local people of the Ballakayati district of Erbil in North Iraq, and to determine the local names and uses of those plants. The study was carried out for approximately 3 years between 2016 and 2018. During this period of time, 85 plant specimens were collected. Demographic characteristics of the participants, names of the local plants, used parts of these plants and their preparation methods were investigated and recorded. In the literature analysis of the plants used in this study, 85 plants were found to be used for medicinal purposes while 3 plants were not found in the literature records.
Local plant names differ due to local dialects in North Iraq. Locals benefit from the wild plants growing in their districts. In this area, it was found that locals use 85 plants from 38 families for curative purposes. The medicinal plants were used for the treatment of many diseases, mostly for the treatment of a cold, shortness of breath, and heart and gastrointestinal diseases. It was determined that the plants we identified in this study were used directly or as infusion or decoction. The most considerable medicinal plants were Mentha longifolia (L.) L. subsp. noeana (Briq.) Briq. (UV:0.38), Urtica dioica L. (UV:0.38). Furthermore, plants used for medicinal purposes are dried and stored for using them in winter. The medicinal use of Rhaponticum repens (L.) Hidalgo and Tanacetum polycephalum Sch.Bip. subsp. argyrophyllum (K.Koch) Podlech. that we found in this area were recorded for the first time. Different use of those plants were observed in this stud
Phytoremediaton of priority substances (Pb and Ni) by Phragmites australis exposed to poultry slaughterhouse wastewater
No full textThe aim of the work was to evaluate the ability of Phragmites australis to uptake lead and nickel from the stream taking the treated poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW). Pb and Ni concentrations, which are the priority substances of the water frame directive, were detected separately at the root, stem and leaf of P. australis at 50 m and 100 m from the downstream of discharge point. The uptake of Pb and Ni by P. australis followed the order of root > leaf > stem. The Ni uptake was higher than Pb uptake in P. australis exposed to poultry wastewater. As a result, P. australis exposed to PSW were found to have the ability to uptake Pb and Ni. It has been determined that P. australis can be used for removal and phytoremediation of Pb and Ni metals from PSWs
Comparative effects of Cu (60-80 nm) and CuO (40 nm) nanoparticles in Artemia salina: Accumulation, elimination and oxidative stress
No full textIn this study, nanotoxicity tests were made by exposure of Artemia salina to copper (Cu 60-80 nm) and copper oxide (CuO 40 nm) nanoparticles (NPs) at different concentrations (0.2, 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 mg/l) during some exposure duration. Characterization of Cu and CuO NPs were performed using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta Potential, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transformation Infrared (FT-IR) analyzes. In organisms, the accumulation and elimination rates of NPs was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis and the oxidative stress effects on A. salina were determined by Glutathione (GSH) and Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) analysis methods. Both NPs were found to differ in accumulation and elimination rates at each application time and in parallel with the increase in concentration. In each group, it was determined that ion release increased with application time. The results showed that the accumulation rates in Cu NPs had a tendency to increase at 48 h and to decrease at 72 h in concentrations of 0, 2 and 1 mg/l, respectively. And in the all other concentrations have been seen an increasing trend within the time. In the CuO NPs (40 nm), accumulation rates were a decrease trend at 48th hour and an increase trend at 72nd hour except 10 mg/l concentration. In the 10 mg/l group was an increase trend with the application period. Cu NP, TBARS value increased with increasing concentrations and the highest increase was observed at 24 h of 5 ppm group. The groups showed a tendency to increase-decrease-increase-decrease in TBARS levels in terms of elapsed time (24th, 48th, 72nd hour and elimination) (5 ppm and 10 ppm groups tended to decrease in TBARS level at 72nd hour). TBARS increased with increasing concentration ratios in CuO NPs (40 nm)
Assessment of oxidative stress on artemia salina and daphnia magna after exposure to Zn and ZnO nanoparticles
No full textIn this study, the effect of zinc nanoparticles (Zn NPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on Artemia salina and Daphnia magna, the primary consumer organisms were investigated. In this sense, investigation of trophic transfer and ecological sustainability potentials among living things, such as fish and crustaceans that are at the top of the food chain were also aimed. Zn NPs in the size of 40-60 nm and 80-100 nm and ZnO NPs (10-30 nm) were administered to A. salina and D. manga (respectively in total 105000 and 14000 individuals) in seven groups (Control, 0.2, 1, 5, 10, 25 ve 50 ppm) with three repetitions for a period of 72 h. Intensive and possible misuse of nanoscale materials is one of the biggest threats to the environment and all living things worldwide. Therefore, the control mechanisms for the use of NPs need to be established
1D-CADCapsNet: One dimensional deep capsule networks for coronary artery disease detection using ECG signals
No full textPURPOSE:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death globally. Electrocardiogram (ECG), which records the electrical activity of the heart, has been used for the diagnosis of CVD. The automated and robust detection of CVD from ECG signals plays a significant role for early and accurate clinical diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to provide automated detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) from ECG signals using capsule networks (CapsNet).
METHODS:
Deep learning-based approaches have become increasingly popular in computer aided diagnosis systems. Capsule networks are one of the new promising approaches in the field of deep learning. In this study, we used 1D version of CapsNet for the automated detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) on two second (95,300) and five second-long (38,120) ECG segments. These segments are obtained from 40 normal and 7 CAD subjects. In the experimental studies, 5-fold cross validation technique is employed to evaluate performance of the model.
RESULTS:
The proposed model, which is named as 1D-CADCapsNet, yielded a promising 5-fold diagnosis accuracy of 99.44% and 98.62% for two- and five-second ECG signal groups, respectively. We have obtained the highest performance results using 2 s ECG segment than the state-of-art studies reported in the literature.
CONCLUSIONS:
1D-CADCapsNet model automatically learns the pertinent representations from raw ECG data without using any hand-crafted technique and can be used as a fast and accurate diagnostic tool to help cardiologists
Sperm quality and oxidative stress in chub Squalius orientalis and Padanian barbel Barbus plebejus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) after in vitro exposure to low doses of bisphenol A.
No full textIn an aquatic environment, the presence of Bisphenol A (BPA) adversely affects reproduction, biology, behavior, gonads, and early larval development of fish due to being endocrine-disrupting compound. In addition, the detected concentration of BPA in water bodies is reported to be higher than 0.41 μg/L. As an alternative tool, sperm cells are used in toxicological assays for the reliable and practical assessment. For these reasons, we examined the effects of in vitro exposure of BPA on sperm quality of chub Squalius oriantalis and Padanian barbel Barbus plebejus. Spermatozoa were exposed to lower concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.25, 2.5, and 5 µg/L) of BPA for 2 h. The enzymatic activities [glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)] and lipid peroxidation (MDA) were evaluated in spermatozoa. The results demonstrated that BPA exposure significantly decreased activities of SOD and GSH-Px but increased CAT activity and lipid peroxidation (MDA). Compared to control, the percentage and duration of sperm motility significantly decreased. Overall, spermatozoa clearly showed the sensitivity to lower concentrations of BPA
Investigation of antioxidant responses in Gammarus pulex exposed to Bisphenol A.
No full textOne of the most important environmental problems in the world is micro-pollutants. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant responses of Gammarus pulex to Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting agent. For this purpose, sublethal concentrations of BPA were applied to G. pulex and biochemical responses were studied. Enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and nonenzymatic antioxidants glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid reagents (TBARS) levels in G. pulex were determined in four different groups during 24 and 96 h. Biochemical biomarkers were measured using commercial kits in a microplate reader. When we compared with control, SOD enzyme activity increased in all groups during both administration periods and CAT enzyme activity decreased in all groups. GSH and TBARS levels were increased after 24 and 96 h of application periods in all groups when compared with control. For changes in SOD and CAT activities and GSH, TBARS levels have been determined to be useful as biomarkers against BPA in G. pulex tissues. It has also been proven that G. pulex is an effective bioindicator that shows BPA pollution in water. The different results of biochemical biomarkers can be evaluated as a marker of possible metabolic processes, and the biochemical response of G. pulex can reveal to some extent the environmental consequences of BPA pollution resulting from industrial waters