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Temporal and seasonal variations in phytoplankton community structure in Uzuncayir Dam Lake (Tunceli, Turkey)
No full textSeasonal variations in species composition and growth dynamics of phytoplankton in Uzuncayir Dam Lake (Tunceli, Turkey) were studied in relation to ecological factors by collecting horizontal water and phytoplankton samples for over a year. A total of 46 phytoplankton taxa were recorded, where Bacillariophyta was the most abundant in species number representing 24 taxa. Diatoms were the most conspicuous phytoplankton in terms of abundance as well as occurrence frequency. Charophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanobacteria, Ochrophyta, Miozoa, and Euglenozoa were the least abundant. However, some Diatoms (Gyrosigma attenuatum, Hippodonta hungarica, Meridion circulare, Nitzschia clausii, Nitzschia frustulum, Pantocsekiella ocellata, Rhoicosphenia abbreviata), Charophytes (Cosmarium granatum, Mougeotiopsis calospora), Cyanobacteria (Leiblenia epiphytica, Planktothrix agardhii); Dinoflagellates (Ceratium hirundinella, Parvodinium africanum, Parvodinium inconspicuum, Peridinium cinctum), and Ochrophyta (Dinobryon pediforme) were also noticeable, with their occurrence in all seasons. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were employed to analyze the relationship between occurrence and abundance of phytoplankton species as well as the ecological factors. The results showed that pH and the concentrations of NH4, NO3, and PO4 influenced seasonal occurrence and abundance of phytoplankton species in the lake. Uzuncayir Dam Lake may be classified as an oligotrophic lake with the mean value of nitrate 2.62 mg L-1 and phosphate 0.23 mg L-1 as supported by the occurrence of various phytoplankton groups. Findings related to pollution indices yielded that Uzuncayir Dam Lake is on the edge of the moderate state of organic pollution
A comparative assessment of biological activities of Gundelia dersim Miller and Gundelia glabra Vitek, Yüce & Ergin extracts and their chemical characterization via HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS
No full textPlants from the Gundelia genus have been well appraised as both food and remedies. The members of the
Gundelia genus are widely used as foods in several countries including Turkey. This study presents a comparative
assessment of two poorly studied Gundelia species (G. glabra Miller and G. dersim Vitek, Yüce & Ergin). The effect
of conventional (infusion, maceration, and Soxhlet extraction) and non-conventional (homogeniser and ultrasound
assisted extraction) methods of extraction of bioactive secondary metabolites from the selected Gundelia
species was also assessed. A total of 68 different compounds were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography
coupled to electrospray ionization and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS) technique.
Non-conventional extraction techniques do not guarantee higher antioxidant activity. As such, G. dersim
(91.27, 138.87, 182.28, and 125.65 mg TE [Trolox equivalent]/g dried extract, for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), cupric reducing antioxidant
capacity (CUPRAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, respectively).The highest α-glucosidase inhibition was recorded for the extracts obtained by ultrasonication. In the multivariate analysis, the extracts from Gundelia species were separated based on their biological activities. The presented findings could be one methodological starting point for designing novel products from two Gundelia species
The effect of progressive relaxation exercises on pain, fatigue, and quality of life in dialysis patients
No full textPatients receiving hemodialysis treatment may experience several symptoms at the same time, such as fatigue and pain. Progressive relaxation exercises (PRE) have been reported to have positive effect on the control of these symptoms. In this study, a randomized, controlled, and experimental study was conducted to examine the effect of PRE on pain, fatigue, and quality of life in hemodialysis patients; the study was carried out with 48 intervention and 48 control patients receiving treatment in the hemodialysis units of 2 hospitals. Data were collected by a questionnaire prepared by the researcher, which included questions about sociodemographic variables and the disease; Piper Fatigue Scale; Visual Analog Scale that measures pain severity; and SF-36 Quality of Life Scale. The results of study revealed that mean total fatigue score and mean pain score decreased in the intervention group after the application of PRE; whereas no change was observed in the control group (P < .05). It was also found that quality of life physical component mean score and mental component mean score increased in the intervention group after the application of PRE (P < .05)
Design and development of travelling-wave-frequency-based transmission line fault locator using TMS320 DSP
No full textThe authors use a TMS320 digital signal processor (TMS320-DSP) to determine fault instants and estimate their location in real time in a laboratory environment. The fault instant is determined via examining the instantaneous differential changes in the line currents. After the fault is detected, the fault location is determined by processing the time-domain transient current waves. First, the travelling-wave frequency is determined by application of the fast Fourier transform to the positive-sequence-component line current after the fault, and subsequently, the fault location is estimated by utilising this frequency. The alternative transients programme (ATP)–electromagnetic transient programme is used to simulate the line currents and create short-circuit fault conditions. Furthermore, LabVIEW software and a National Instruments data acquisition board are used to transform the line currents obtained through the ATP programme into analogue signals. The TMS320-DSP determines the fault in real time and estimates the fault location using the completed software and analogue input signals. Their results indicate that the prototype device designed with the use of the TMS320-DSP is suitable for real-time fault detection
Pülümür Nehri (Tunceli, Türkiye)’ndeki Barbus Lacerta Heckel, 1843’ün boy-ağırlık ilişkisi ve kondisyon faktörü
No full textBu çalışmada, Ekim 2017 ve Eylül 2018 tarihleri arasında Tunceli
il sınırında Pülümür Nehri’nden yakalanan Barbus lacerta Heckel, 1843
için boy-ağırlık ilişkisi ve kondisyon faktörü tahmin edilmiştir. B.
lacerta’nın toplam boy ve ağırlığı sırasıyla dişiler için 6.0-22.6cm ve
2.14-133.0g; erkekler için 5.4-25.7cm ve 2.02-158.3g arasında
değişmiştir. Boy-ağırlık ilişkileri, W=a*Lb denkleminin logaritmik formu
kullanılarak tahmin edilmiştir. Boy-ağırlık ilişkileri dişiler için
W=0.0118L2.898 R²=0.94; b’nin %95 güven aralığı=2.633-3.209 ve erkekler
için W=0.0098L2.969 R²=0.96; b’nin %95 güven aralığı=2.744-3.122 olarak
belirlenmiştir. Büyüme şekli izometrik büyüme bulunmuştur(b=3, t-testi,
P>0.05). Kondisyon faktörü değerleri dişiler için 0.391-1.687 ve
erkekler için 0.587-1.331 arasında değişmiştir
The moss flora of balya Sub-district directorate (Balıkesir) of forestry
No full textIn this study, the moss flora of Balya Sub-district Directorate (Balıkesir) in Turkey, were investigated. Between the years of 2016-2017. 288 moss specimens were collected and identified from Balya Sub-district Directorate. 22 families, 54 genera, 103 taxa species, subspecies and variety were found. 18 of these taxa for B6 squares and 10 for Balıkesir are new record. In terms of taxa number, the riches five families are; Brachytheciaceae (22), Pottiaceae (19), Grimmiaceae (10), Bryaceae (8), Orthotrichaceae (7).Bu çalışmada, 2016-2017 yılları arasında Balya (Balıkesir) Orman İşletme Şefliğinin karayosunu florası
araştırılmıştır. Balya Orman İşletme Şefliğinden toplanan 288 karayosunu örneğinin incelenmesi sonucu;
22 familya ve 54 cinse ait, 103 tür ve tür altı takson belirlenmiştir. Bu taksonlardan 18’i B6 karesi, 10
tanesi ise Balıkesir İli için yeni kayıttır. Takson sayısı açısından en zengin beş familya; Brachytheciaceae
(22), Pottiaceae (19), Grimmiaceae (10), Bryaceae (8) ve Orthotrichaceae (7)’dir
Kongo kırmızısına maruz bırakılan tatlı su Amphipodu Gammarus Pulex'in Antioksidan ve detoksifikasyon sistemindeki değişiklikler
No full textBu çalışmada, kongo kırmızısına maruz bırakılan Gammarus pulex'de glutatyon S-transferaz ve sitokrom 1A1 enzimleri ile malondialdehit seviyelerindeki değişimin araştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. G. pulex, 96 saat boyunca 20, 10, 5 ppm kongo kırmızısı içeren sentetik çözeltilere maruz bırakılmıştır. Glutatyon S-transferaz ve sitokrom 1A1 enzim aktiviteleri ELISA kiti kullanılarak, malondialdehit seviyeleri ise
spektrofotometrik olarak belirlenmiştir. Glutatyon S-transferaz aktiviteleri tüm uygulama gruplarında 24 ve 96 saat boyunca kontrole kıyasla artmıştır (P<0.05). Kongo kırmızısına maruz bırakıldıktan sonra tüm uygulama gruplarında sitokrom 1A1 aktivitesi 24 ve 96 saat boyunca kontrole kıyasla azalmıştır (P<0.05). Malondialdehit seviyeleri kongo kırmızısına maruziyetinden sonra tüm gruplarda 24 saat boyunca kontrole
kıyasla artmış (P<0.05), 96 saat sonunda A grubunda artmış, B ve C gruplarında düşmüştür (P<0.05). Bulgularımız, kongo kırmızısının reaktif oksijen türleri üreterek oksidatif strese neden olabileceğini göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, antioksidan enzimler ve malondialdehit seviyelerindeki değişiklikler, kongo kırmızısının çevresel toksisitesinin değerlendirilmesinde potansiyel hassas biyobelirteçler olarak ullanılabileceğini göstermektedir
The bryophyte flora of the Samanli Mountains (Sakarya, Kocaeli, Yalova, Bursa) in North-West Turkey
No full text...
Phanerochaete chrysosporium as a model organism to assess the toxicity of municipal landfill leachate from Elazığ, Turkey
No full textIn order to evaluate the potential ecological risk and the toxic effect of landfill leachate (LL), Phanerochaete chrysosporium was exposed to LL and their biochemical response was observed by using antioxidant parameters. Phanerochaete chrysosporium, ME 446, was kept at 4 °C after being sub-cultured at 28 °C on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, and malaondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels of P. chrysosporium exposed to different dilution rates of leachate (1/10 and 1/20) for 24 and 96 h were analyzed by using the ELISA method. The physiochemical parameters such as pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD) of leachate, and reference water were analyzed by using the YSI Professional Plus handheld multiparameter meter. In this study, SOD activities were decreased in the application groups compared with the Control Group at the 24th and 96th hours. CAT activities and GSH levels increased in the application groups compared with the Control Group at the 24th hour but decreased at the 96th hours. MDA levels increased in all of the application groups when compared with the Control Group for both 24 and 96 h. Different concentration of LL induces oxidative stress in P. chrysosporium, increased CAT activity and MDA levels, and decreased SOD activity and GSH levels