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Process of Population Redistribution in Metropolitan and Micropolitan Areas of Wakayama Prefecture since 1960
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the process of population redistribution between the central city and the suburbs in metropolitan and micropolitan areas of Wakayama prefecture since 1960.To characterize the process of population redistribution with in metropolitan and micropolitan areas, the urban development stage model by Klassen et al was applied. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that pattern of population redistribution in the metropolitan area where the population increased was in line with the urban developmentstage model. On the other hand, in the micropolitan areas where population growth is hardly seen, the trend was different from the modelʼs assumption. However, it became clear that the pattern of population redistribution in the declining micropolitan areas is characterized by continued relative concentration in the disurbanization stage. From this point, it was shown that the analytical framework of population change in the urban development stage model is effective for grasping the population redistribution within metropolitan and micropolitan areas
Three Decades of Development in Tax Simplification in the UK
No full textSimplicity is a phrase often used to discuss what taxes should be. However, the term "simplicity" in tax is not defined legally or academically, and it depends on the position of the person using the term and the context of the discussion, whether it refers to the system as a whole, tax administration and procedures, the convenience of taxpayers, the method of provision, and the number of provisions contained in the tax law itself. In addition, when aiming for a simple tax system, it is difficult to discuss it in isolation because the concept of simplicity itself is not clear and its position in tax policy is ambiguous. In the United Kingdom, which has a long history of modern taxation centered on income tax, tax simplification has been discussed for a long time, but in particular, for about 30 years from the 1990s to the present, there has been a strong societal demand for the tax system to be simplified, and as a result, the Tax Law Rewrite Project to review the structure and provisions of tax laws was implemented and the Office of Tax Simplification, an independent body to propose measures to simplify taxes, was established. Such efforts to simplify taxes in the UK have their implications for Japan, but on September 23, 2022, the government announced the closure of the Office of Tax Simplification, thereby ending a series of measures to simplify the tax system. In this paper, after organizing the theories surrounding tax simplification, we will examine the initiatives to simplify taxes in the UK over the past 30 years and clarify their significance
The Constellation of Collective Impact Initiatives
No full textThis paper aims to explore the concept of collective impact and the relationships among the actors involved in such initiatives. Previous discussions on collective impact have primarily focused on organizational collaboration and its outcomes. However, this study adopts a wider perspective and recognizes the crucial role of investment and financing schemes that influence the way companies create value. Collective impact initiatives act as funding and investment syndicates that facilitate collaborative solutions to social issues. Drawing on the work of Kania and Kramer (2011a, b) of FSG (Foundation Strategic Group) and researchers of CSI (the Center for Social Innovation at Stanford University), leading proponents of the concept and promoters of the initiative, this paper summarizes the key characteristics of collective impact and its underlying structure. The findings of this study provide a wider framework for capturing collective impact initiatives
The Background of Cairnes’s Value Theory : In Relation to the Background of Jevons’s Value Theory
No full textWhile Cairnes is said to be the last classical economist, Jevons has been described as one of the first marginal economists. The direct connection between them is well known, however, their ideological connections still haven’t been considered in sufficient depth. This paper considers their theories of value (because the theory of value is the junction between classical economics and marginal economics), and make clear the differences and similarities between Cairnes’s and Jevons’s value theory
On the Phonological Interpretation of Long Vowels in Kolyma Yukaghir
No full textLooking at the vowels of Kolyma Yukaghir, a minority language spoken in the upper reaches of the Kolyma River in northeastern Siberia (mainly in the Sakha Republic of the Russian Federation), both short and long vowels can be found. Although the existence of long vowels is clear from phonetic observations, the situation is not so straightforward when trying to give them a proper phonological interpretation. The author discusses what the most appropriate phonological interpretation of long vowels in Kolyma-Yukaghir is by examining various phonetic phenomena associated with them. After introducing basic phonetic observations concerning short and long vowels in Kolyma-Yukaghir, the author suggests that there are at least three phonological interpretations of long vowels. The author then discusses these three interpretations in turn by examining more detailed data and points out the advantages and disadvantages of each interpretation
A Narrative Approach to Verbalizing the Experience of Emotion
No full textThis paper discusses several factors to consider when employing a narrative approach to verbalizing the experience of emotion in educational settings. The experience of emotion consists of content-rich events and concomitant emotions, which are mutually referenced. It is recognized that emotions play an important role in decision-making. While decision-making processes are traditionally thought of in cognitive terms, such as moral reasoning, recently, however, it has been proposed that core affect has a strong influence on decision-making. Core affect comprises content-rich states of pleasure or displeasure, functioning as core knowledge about whether objects or events are helpful or harmful, rewarding or threatening, and so on. Analyzing the experience of emotion can reveal someone’s core affect and therefore core knowledge. The most direct way to analyze the experience of emotion is to describe it in the form of self-reports such as narratives. Providing students with opportunities to learn how to narrate and analyze their experience of emotion would help them understand and modify their core knowledge, which is their basis for decision-making
The Development of Archeological Geography in China
No full textSince the introduction of archaeological geography to China in the 90s, it has been accepted by Chinese academics and resulted in remarkable levels of achievement. This article summarizes the process of introduction, acceptance, absorption, and development of archaeological geography, analyzes research conducted prior to the its introduction, and discusses the usage of new technologies and future developments in this field of study