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The Initial Growth Mechanism and Electronic Structures of (ZnO)[1-x](InN)[x] Complex Alloy Semiconductors
No full textRecently, a novel quaternary alloy, (ZnO)[1-x](InN)[x], (ZION), has been attracting attention for optical device applications. But its electronic properties have not cleared yet. In this study, we theoretically investigate the initial growth mechanism and electronic structures of ZION. We use density functional theory to investigate microscopic chemical properties and interacting quasi-band theory to calculate the electronic structures of the alloy system. It was found that the most favorable first step in the growth is that an In atom is adsorbed on the H3 site of an O-polar ZnO substrate, although the H3 site is not a proper site for epitaxial growth. We also calculated self-surfactant energies that cause the adsorbed In atom to migrate to a top site. It is revealed that the migration will be caused by the concurrent adsorption of O and N atoms on the nearest neighbor sites of the H3 site. This mechanism may keep the epitaxial growth. The electronic structures of bulk-ZION are also revealed. Comparing calculated band structures on several composition ratios, it is revealed that ZION exhibits a direct-band gap across the range of compositions and shows a large band gap-bowing. These results are well agreed with experimental results.本文PDFファイルはDOIリンク先から入手可能
海外の方との交流をとおした小学校外国語教育の実践 : 既習内容を活用して思いを伝える子どもの姿をめざして
Get PDF子どもにとって関係が深く,外国語で伝えることに必然性がある相手と交流することは，自分の気持ちや考えを表現することへの意識が高まり，語句や表現の理解が深まると考えた。実践中の子どもの行動観察や実践後のアンケート調査から，既習の外国語の表現などを積極的に活用しようとする子どもの姿がみられた
The Implementation and Investigation of an Online Intercultural Collaborative Learning
No full textThe purpose of this study was to clarify the achievements and challenges in terms of students'ability acquisition and satisfaction in an online Intercultural Collaborative Learning class. Thesurvey of practical examples showed that, although improvements in class content are neededin terms of how to encourage the development of new values and critical thinking skills thatrequire the accumulation of high-quality discussions and deep thinking with counterparts fromdifferent cultural backgrounds, the overall sense of ability acquisition was improved
Apologizing, Taking Responsibility, and Acceptance of an Apology : Examples from American TV Dramas
No full textThis paper examines how English native speakers admit the responsibility for what they causeand apologize, by observing some conversations from American TV dramas. It also observeshow people accept/not accept an apology, using the model of apology suggested bySuszczyńska(1999).The observation revealed that one of the key factors of the speech act “apologizing” is takingresponsibility and its degree. If the listener(the receiver of the apology) thinks that an apologyis not enough in that the causer of the problem is not taking full responsibility, he/she may notaccept it. In cultures where “taking responsibility” is difficult, the listener will evaluate thespeaker’s effort. Even in a situation where the listener has difficulty in forgiving, if he/shenotices the effort of the speaker (the causer of the trouble) in taking responsibility, he/she canappreciate the effort and accept the apology
Measurements ofDissolved Oxygen (DO)and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)in Tap Water,Ponds,and River Water in Our Life
Get PDFIn the present study,we measured dissolved oxygen (DO)and chemical oxygen demand (COD)in tap water, ponds, and river water in our life. The obtained data showed the difference values in various places. It is notable that the values of COD of the pond in site of Wakayama University were markedly increased from 2009to 2022. On the other hand, the evaluated DO and COD values of the Kishigawa River and the Hikata River in Wakayama Prefecture remained unchanged for long periods of time. Therefore, these values are considered to environmental indicators. It is expected that the studies of DO and COD measurements can be applied in chemistry class and themed research of high school