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The Relationship Between Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF2) Level and the Incidence of Eye Tumors
No full textBackground: Ocular tumors are rare conditions that may pose a threat to vision
and life. They encompass various types, including intraocular and extraocular
tumors, which may be either benign or malignant. Fibroblast Growth Factor-2
(FGF2) is a potent pro-angiogenic factor suspected to play a critical role in
tumor pathogenesis, including ocular tumors, due to its ability to stimulate tumor
cell proliferation and neovascularization.
Methods: This observational study employed a case-control design and was
conducted at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Hospital, Universitas Sumatera
Utara, and its affiliated network hospitals. Study subjects consisted of patients
diagnosed with ocular tumors (both benign and malignant) and healthy controls.
Serum levels of FGF2 were measured using the ELISA method. Statistical
analyses were performed using SPSS software version 24.0.
Results: A total of 38 patients were included in the study, with 65.8% being
female. The mean age of participants was within the fifth decade of life. FGF2
levels were significantly higher in the tumor group compared to the control group
(p = 0.04). Furthermore, FGF2 levels were significantly elevated in patients with
malignant tumors compared to those with benign tumors (p = 0.001), indicating a
correlation between elevated FGF2 levels and tumor malignancy.
Conclusion: There is a significant association between FGF2 levels and the
occurrence of ocular tumors. FGF2 also has potential as a biomarker to
differentiate between benign and malignant ocular tumors.100 PagesTesis Magiste
Comparison of Restless Legs Syndrome and Non Restless Legs Syndrome on Quality of Sleep and Life in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Hemodialysis at Adam Malik Hospital Medan
No full textBackground: Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a common neurological disorder in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), especially those undergoing hemodialysis. The prevalence of RLS in hemodialysis patients is higher than in the general population, ranging from 5% to 70%. RLS can worsen sleep quality and significantly affect the quality of life of patients undergoing regular hemodialysis.
Objective: To assess differences in sleep and quality of life in patients undergoing regular hemodialysis with RLS and non-RLS at Adam Malik Hospital in Medan.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving patients undergoing regular hemodialysis. The instruments used included the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) for RLS diagnosis, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality, and the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-36 (KDQOL-36) to assess quality of life.
Results: Analysis of 61 subjects showed a prevalence of RLS in regular hemodialysis patients of 31% and was associated with factors such as age, type 2 DM comorbidity, and blood potassium levels. The total PSQI score was higher in the RLS group (p = 0.00) with sleep disturbances found to be significant in 5 of the 7 PSQI components. Quality of life assessment using the KDQOL-36 showed a significant decrease in the RLS group compared to the non-RLS group, with decreases in the components of kidney disease symptoms, effects of kidney disease, and burden of kidney disease (p values of 0.011, 0.009, and 0.002, respectively).
Conclusion: RLS is a common disorder in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis and contributes to reduced sleep quality and quality of life.114 PagesTesis Magiste
Notary's Liability for Keeping the Deed Minutes (A Study on the Comparision between Japan and Indonesia)
No full textNotaries in Indonesia and Japan have the authority to make deeds and have the liability to
keep them as deed minutes as part of the Notary Protocol. Regarding the storage of the
Minute of Deed in Indonesia, it is still conventional, this raises a number of problems that are
closely related to the interests of the confronters as parties who need the Minute as evidence.
Whereas Indonesia itself is in the era of globalization by being able to take advantage of the
great potential of information and communication with paperless electronic media, such as
Japan, which stores the Minute of Deed in 2 (two) ways, namely conventionally and
electronically, which has perfect evidentiary power, storage in this way makes it easier for
various parties, both from the parties concerned and notaries and from the Ministry of Justice.
The problems raised in this research relate to the authority of Notary in terms of carrying out
his position to make a Deed to store it as a Minute Deed in Indonesia and Japan, the form of
implementation of storing the Minute Deed of Notary in Indonesia and Japan, and the
application of digital society 5.0 in Japan in terms of storing the Minute Deed of Notary,
which can be applied in Indonesia in the future. This research generally aims to examine and
analyze the form of storage of the Minute of Deed, which is carried out conventionally and
electronically. Given that technological progress has been so rapid that it can no longer be
avoided, and the use of technology is more effective, efficient, and low-cost for humans in
doing their work. The research method used in this writing is normative juridical in nature
because it is analyzed as the basis of research that positions the law as a system of norms
carried out to analyze and assess positive law with a comparative approach and statutory
approach between the laws of two countries, namely Japanese Notary Law No. 53 of 1908 jo.
Japanese Notary Law No. 74 of 2011 with Law No. 2 of 2014 jo. Law No. 30 of 2004 on the
Office of Notary. The result of the research is that Indonesia must learn from Japan to
improve the storage system of the Minute of Deed and the need for infrastructure that
supports the creation and storage of electronic and conventional Minute of Deeds, as well as
harmonizing existing regulations before implementing a conventional and electronic notary
system as in Japan.165 PagesTesis Magiste
Juridical Analysis of Self-Defense (Noodweer) In Assault Cases (Study of Court Decision Number 34/Pid.B/2021/Pn Bhn)
No full textAssault is one of the most common crimes occurring in society and often
creates complex legal issues. In practice, perpetrators frequently claim that their
actions were carried out as a form of self-defense (noodweer). However, debates
often arise as to whether such acts truly fulfill the elements of noodweer or
instead constitute vigilantism (eigenrichting). This is evident in Decision No.
34/Pid.B/2021/PN Bhn, where, according to the facts, the defendant acted in self
defense against an assault, yet the court still imposed a criminal sentence. This
situation reflects differing interpretations of noodweer as a ground for exclusion
of criminal liability in Indonesian criminal law.
This research, entitled “Juridical Analysis of Self-Defense (Noodweer) in
Assault Cases: A Study of Decision No. 34/Pid.B/2021/PN Bhn”, aims to examine
the legal regulation of noodweer in Indonesian criminal law, to analyze its
elements and distinguish it from eigenrichting and noodweer excess, and to assess
the judicial considerations in the aforementioned decision. The study employs a
normative legal research method, using statutory and case approaches, with data
collected from literature studies and analyzed qualitatively.
The findings indicate that noodweer is regulated under Article 49(1) of the
Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) and Article 34 of Law No. 1 of 2023 as a
ground of justification, while noodweer excess constitutes a ground of excuse. The
fundamental distinction from vigilantism lies in legality and proportionality. In the
examined case, the panel of judges concluded that the requirements of noodweer
were not met, resulting in a conviction despite the defendant’s actions being a
reaction to an assault. The study concludes that inconsistencies remain in the
judicial application of noodweer, highlighting the need for a deeper
understanding of legitimate self-defense criteria to ensure consistent judicial
reasoning.119 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Fahmi Maulana's Travel Content on Traveloka Indonesia YouTube Channel in Building Audience Loyalty
No full textThis research is entitled Fahmi Maulana's Travel Content on Traveloka Indonesia YouTube
Channel in Building Audience Loyalty. This research aims to find out the influence of
content, especially digital content, on audience loyalty. The theories used consist of New
Media, Digital Communication, Content, and Audience Loyalty. This research method is
quantitative correlation. The population in this study were subscribers of the Traveloka
Indonesia YouTube channel, a sample of 100 people was determined through the Hair et al
formula with a multiplying factor of ten times the number of indicators. Data was collected
through a questionnaire distributed to 100 respondents who are subscribers to the
Traveloka Indonesia YouTube channel and have watched Fahmi Maulana's content. There
are two variables examined in this study, namely variable X is Fahmi Maulana's travel
content on Traveloka Indonesia YouTube channel and variable Y is audience loyalty. A total
of ten indicators were used in this study, six indicators for variable X and four for variable
Y. Data analysis was carried out using single table analysis techniques, cross tables, and
correlation hypothesis testing using the Spearman's Rho method. The results showed that
there was a significant relationship between Fahmi Maulana's travel content and audience
loyalty. Hypothesis testing shows that H0 is rejected, and Ha is accepted with a correlation
coefficient of 0.590, which shows a significant relationship. After the determination test, it
is known that Fahmi Maulana's travel content on YouTube Traveloka Indonesia has an
influence of 35% on audience loyalty.128 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Effectiveness Of Rural Urban Land And Building Tax Collection Strategies In Increasing Regional Original Income Of Samosir Regency (Study In Ambarita Village, Simanindo District)
No full textBackground: Rural and Urban Land and Building Tax (PBB-P2) is one of the local
taxes that is the largest contributor to Regional Original Revenue (PAD) because
the collection process is carried out directly by the local government and the results
are returned entirely for regional development. Therefore, Ambarita Village makes
efforts to maximize PBB-P2 revenue.
Objective: This study aims to determine the Effectiveness of Rural and Urban Land
and Building Tax Collection in Increasing Local Original Revenue of Samosir
Regency in Ambarita Village.
Research Methods: The research method used is descriptive research method with
qualitative data analysis, Primary and Secondary data collection techniques.
Results: The results showed that the strategy of collecting PBB-P2 of the Ambarita
Village government is by conducting a door-to-door collection strategy, giving an
appeal to the community to pay PBB, providing direct payment facilities to the
village office, enforcing payment through the SIADAPARI application.
Conclusion: The tax collection strategy carried out by Ambarita Village has not
gone well, it can be seen that the PBB-P2 collection process in Ambarita Village
still faces several obstacles that can hinder the efficiency of PBB-P2 collection.93 PagesKertas Karya Diplom
A Juridical Review of Breach of Contract and Legal Certainty for Parties in Land Sale and Purchase Agreements (Case Study of Kisaran District Court Decision No. 61/Pdt.G/2018/PN.Kis)
No full textThe transfer of land rights can be conducted through a legal act of sale and purchase, which typically begins with a Sale and Purchase Agreement (Perjanjian Jual Beli/PJB) made before a notary. Accordingly, the PJB constitutes an authentic deed that holds strong evidentiary value. However, despite its frequent use as the legal basis for land transactions, disputes often arise in practice, particularly when one party commits a breach of contract (wanprestasi), as reflected in the Kisaran District Court Decision No. 61/Pdt.G/2018/PN.Kis. This thesis focuses on three key issues: (1) the legal status of the PJB for land as a preliminary agreement within Indonesia's land law system; (2) the application of the principle of legal certainty in resolving breach of contract disputes in PJBS; and (3) the legal analysis of judicial considerations in the aforementioned court decision.
The research employs a normative juridical method, utilizing both primary and secondary legal data obtained through interviews, statutory approaches, and case studies. Conclusions are drawn using deductive reasoning from general legal principles to specific legal issues.
The study finds that the legal status of PJBS in land sale transactions in Indonesia is not explicitly regulated under the Indonesian Civil Code, but rather arises from notarial custom or PPAT (Land Deed Official) practices based on the principle of freedom of contract. PJBs are typically used when the official Sale and Purchase Deed (Akta Jual Beli/AJB) cannot yet be signed before a PPAT. Regarding the legal principles related to breach of contract, if the PJB is executed before a notary, it holds strong legal force. In cases where one party fails to fulfill their obligations, the PJB remains valid and enforceable. Furthermore, the judicial considerations and verdict in Kisaran District Court Decision No. 61/Pdt.G/2018/PN.Kis, which declared the defendant to be in breach of contract, are deemed appropriate and aligned with statutory provisions and the theory of legal certainty.124 PagesTesis Magiste
The Effect of Seaweed Extract Nanoserum (Eucheuma cottonii) 5% on Facial Skin Aging
No full textBackground: Skin aging is a biological mechanism influenced by a combination of endogenous or intrinsic factors and exogenous or extrinsic factors. Eucheuma cottonii seaweed comes from cultivation in the South Coast. Seaweed is referred to as a source of bioactive compounds due to its ability to produce a wide variety of organic compounds characterized by broad biological activities as antioxidants, immunostimulants, and antibacterials.
Objective: To aim the effect of seaweed extract nanoserum (Eucheuma cottonit) 5% on facial skin aging.
ERS
Methods: This pre-experimental clinical trial study was conducted with a pretest- posttest design on 40 subjects with facial skin aging. Diagnosis was established through history taking and clinical, evaluation using Dermoscopic photoaging scale (DPAS) and skin analyzer before and after administration of seaweed extract nanoserum (Eucheuma cottonii) 5% at week 0, 2, 4, 6, 8. Side effects were recorded during the study and satisfaction level was assessed at the end of the study period. Repeated ANOVA and Friedman tests were performed to see the difference before and after treatment with p value <0.05 considered significant. Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in DPAS scores in subjects with aging facial skin after 8 weeks of seaweed extract nanoserum (Eucheuma cottoni) 5% administration (p<0,001). Based on the examination using a skin analyzer during the 8-week seaweed extract nanoserum (Eucheuma cottonit) 5%, there was a significant improvement in the mean values of hyperpigmentation spots, wrinkles, roughness, UV moisture, and UV pigmentation (p<0.001), while UV damage there was an improvement, but not significant (p=0.836). All subjects did not experience any side effects and were satisfied with the administration of seaweed extract nanoserum 5%.
Conclusion: The use of seaweed extract nanoserum (Eucheuma cottoni) 5% can improve the appearance of aging facial skin without side effects and has a good
level of satisfaction.134 PagesTesis Magiste
Effectiveness Of Reality Therapy Counseling In Improving Adjustment Among Semi-Military Boarding Vocational High School Students
No full textThis study investigates the effectiveness of counseling based on the reality therapy
approach in enhancing the adjustment of students attending a semi-military
boarding vocational school (SMK). Utilizing an experimental design, specifically a
pretest-posttest control group format, the research involved 20 students equally
assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received the
intervention over six consecutive days, with each session lasting approximately 45
minutes. Reality therapy was implemented to assist students in recognizing their
needs, assessing their current behaviors, and formulating more adaptive strategies
for navigating life within the boarding school setting. Data were analyzed using the
Mann-Whitney U test, which revealed that reality therapy was effective in
improving students’ adjustment. All participants in the experimental group showed
improvement, transitioning from a low to a high adjustment category. The
calculated effect size was 0.85, indicating a strong impact in accordance with
Cohen’s classification.154 PagesTesis Magiste
Structure and Composition of Forest Vegetation in Parsingguran I Village Pollung District Humbang Hasundutan Regency
No full textIndonesia is recognized as a center of flora and fauna diversity because its location is in the tropical forest. Forests play an important role in balancing the ecosystem. Forest vegetation analysis is a study aimed at understanding the forest structure and composition. One important forest area is the pine forest in Parsingguran Village, managed by Dolok Sanggul Forest Management Unit. The objective of this research is to determine the species structure and composition of the Parsingguran Forest, Pollung, Humbang Hasundutan. This research was conducted from June 2023 to August 2023 in Parsingguran I, Pollung, Humbang Hasundutan, North Sumatra. The tools and materials used were machetes, raffia ropes, timestamp cameras, phiban, haga hypsometers, laptops, and tally sheets. Data collection was conducted using a combination of the line transect and grid methods. In the Parsingguran Protected Forest area, the highest species richness index was found at the tree level, with a value of 0.52. The lowest species richness index value was found at the seedling level, at 0.15. Species diversity in the Parsingguran Protected Forest was classified as moderate, with a diversity index value of 2.09. Species evenness in this area was classified as moderate, with an evenness value of 0.54. Species richness in the Parsingguran Protected Forest was classified as low, with a value of 1.29. There is a plot with low density located on path 4, plot 30. Meanwhile, moderate density is found on path 2, plot 9, and plots with high density located on path 2, plot 1948 PagesSkripsi Sarjan