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The Influence of E-Wallet Usage on the Consumptive Behavior of Students at the Vocational Faculty, Universitas Sumatera Utara
No full textBackground: The rise of digital financial technologies such as e-wallets has transformed consumer behavior, especially among university students. The convenience of transactions, promotions, and attractive features make it easier for students to make purchases, potentially fostering consumptive behavior.
Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of e-wallet usage on the consumptive behavior of students at the Vocational Faculty of Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Method: This research used a quantitative explanatory approach. Data were collected through a Likert-scale-based questionnaire distributed to 90 active e-wallet user students. Data were analyzed using validity and reliability tests, as well as simple linear regression analysis.
Result: The results of the regression analysis indicate that the use of ewallets has a positive and significant effect on students’ consumptive behavior. The regression coefficient value of 0.781, a significance value of 0.000, and a t-value of 8.833, which exceeds the critical t-table value of 1.666, confirm that e-wallet usage has a statistically significant relationship with consumptive behavior.
Conclusion: E-wallet usage significantly influences students’ consumptive behavior. Therefore, it is important to improve financial literacy among students to ensure wise and responsible use of e-wallets61 PagesKertas Karya Diplom
An Analysis of The Factors Influencing The Determination of Rental Value for Automated Teller Machine Placement in Medan City
No full textA prevailing phenomenon indicates that government appraisers at the State Asset and Auction Service Office (KPKNL) in Medan still employ conventional methods for the
rental valuation of Automated Teller Machine (ATM) placements. This practice
contradicts the Decree of the Director General of State Assets Number 547/KN/2022,
which mandates the use of the Valuation Component and Survey List (DKPS) model
through a desktop valuation approach. Addressing this discrepancy, this study aims to
analyze the factors that influence the determination of ATM placement rental values in
Medan City, thereby providing a basis for the development of a more objective valuation
model.This research utilizes a quantitative approach with multiple regression analysis to
identify the influence of variables such as distance to the Central Business District (CBD),
transaction year, leased object type, ATM space type, lease period, accessibility, and area
designation. The findings reveal that distance to the CBD has a significant negative effect
on rental value. Conversely, transaction year, the type of leased object, space type, lease
period, and designation as a shopping center or public service area exhibit a positive and
significant influence. While accessibility and road type showed a positive correlation,
their effects were not statistically significant. The resulting regression model achieved an
R-squared value of 96.37%, demonstrating its excellent capability in explaining the
variance in rental values.These findings provide a robust empirical foundation for
government appraisers to transition to the regulated desktop valuation method.
Moreover, the results offer critical insights for ATM owners in optimizing location
selection. This study recommends that the significant factors identified be integrated into
the DKPS model to enhance the accuracy, efficiency, and consistency of ATM rental
valuations at KPKNL Medan, ultimately supporting the financial performance of asset
owners.100 PagesTesis Magiste
Perancangan Masjid Ramah Generasi Z dengan Pendekatan Arsitektur Inklusif di Kota Medan
No full textIn the digital age, the role of mosques as centers of religious, social, and cultural activities has shifted, often limited to ritual worship functions. The participation of Generation Z in mosques tends to decline due to differences in lifestyle, social interaction needs, and a lack of inclusive spaces that are relevant to their daily lives. Therefore, designing Generation Z-friendly mosques with an inclusive architectural approach is an important strategy to restore the role of mosques as open and meaningful shared spaces.
This study uses a mixed methods approach, where exploratory qualitative techniques are used to inform the research-based design method, which focuses on the characteristics, needs, and issues of Generation Z. Data was collected through literature reviews, field observations, interviews, and questionnaires, then analyzed to formulate a contextual, participatory, and humanistic design concept.
The study results indicate that an inclusive architectural approach can bridge the spiritual and social needs of Generation Z and revive the role of the mosque as a relevant public space. The resulting design places the mosque as the central building on the site, surrounded by functional spaces. supporting facilities such as community rooms, coworking spaces, discussion areas, and open zones. The relationship between buildings is direct and integrated both visually and functionally enabling cross-space interaction and activities.
A main circulation route in the form of a ramp from the entrance gate takes visitors directly to the mosque with disability-friendly access. The ramp wall also functions as an educational medium—containing information about Islam, the values of diversity, and a visual narrative of the history of da'wah. The main prayer hall is designed to be adaptive and open, with flexibility for various community activities outside of prayer times. User movement patterns are accommodated through circulation paths that flow seamlessly, divided into zones for men, women, and universal access. The building's facade expresses openness through wide openings without massive walls, featuring columns and grilles that allow for natural cross-ventilation. The materials used are local and environmentally friendly, such as wood and plain concrete, creating a simple yet warm and welcoming feel for both the younger generation and the general public.229 pagesSkripsi Sarjan
Assessment of Bank Health Level Using the RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, Capital) Approach Method in Conventional Banking Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) 2019–2023
No full textThis study aims to assess the soundness of conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019–2023 period using the RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, and Capital) approach. The Risk Profile aspect is assessed using the Non-Performing Loan (NPL) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) indicators. The GCG aspect is measured based on the composite rating of the bank's self-assessment results. The Earnings aspect is assessed using the Return on Assets (ROA), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Operating Expenses to Operating Income (BOPO) ratios. The Capital aspect is assessed using the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). This research is a quantitative descriptive study. It uses secondary data from the annual published financial reports of 40 conventional banks obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange and their respective official websites. The analysis process was carried out by classifying each ratio into health categories, assigning weights to the scores, normalizing the scores to percentages, and determining an overall composite ranking. The results of the study indicate that the overall health level of conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2019–2023 period is at Composite Rating 2 (Healthy). In detail, the Risk Profile aspect is at rating 2 (Healthy), the Good Corporate Governance (GCG) aspect is at rating 2 (Healthy), the Earnings aspect is at rating 3 (Fairly Healthy), and the Capital aspect is at rating 1 (Very Healthy). These findings suggest that conventional banks in Indonesia have maintained good resilience in facing various external challenges, although profitability and efficiency still need to be continuously improved.171 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Antibacterial Activity Test And Cream Formulation Of Sunflower Seed Oil (Helianthus annuus L.) as Anti-Acne Agent
No full textBackground: Acne or acne vulgaris is an infection characterized by inflammation of the pilosebaceous layer, accompanied by blockage and accumulation of keratinous material, triggered by several bacteria such as Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus. One of the natural oils used to address acne problems is sunflower seed oil (Helianthus annuus L.), as it contains terpenoids that work by damaging bacterial cell membranes, and linoleic acid, which acts as an anti-inflammatory agent that helps in healing acne. The use of sunflower seed oil as an anti-acne treatment by direct application to the face is considered less comfortable, so it is formulated into a cream.
Objective: This study aimed to formulate a topical cream using sunflower seed oil (Helianthus annuus L.) as an anti-acne agent against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus.
Methods: This research is experimental. The steps included preparing tools and materials, testing the antibacterial activity of sunflower seed oil using the disc diffusion method, formulating the sunflower seed oil cream, evaluating the cream's quality, conducting physical stability tests, and finally testing the antibacterial activity of the cream using the well diffusion method.
Results: Based on the research results, the inhibition zone diameters of sunflower seed oil against Propionibacterium acnes at concentrations of 20%, 15%, 10%, 8%, 6%, and 5% were respectively (20.4; 17; 16.1; 15.6; 13.8; 13) mm, and against Staphylococcus aureus were (18.4; 16.8; 15.7; 15; 13.5; 12.5) mm. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was found at a concentration of 1%. Evaluation of the cream formulation showed a pH range of 6.11–6.59, a spreadability range of 5–6.3 cm, viscosity ranging from 7122 cPs to 19583 cPs, and an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion type. The cream formulation was stable during 12 weeks of storage and under cycling tests. In the antibacterial activity test, the cream formulations containing sunflower seed oil showed inhibition zones against Propionibacterium acnes for formulations F1, F2, F3, and F4 of (7.4; 12.47; 16.1; 18.17) mm respectively, and against Staphylococcus aureus of (6.97; 11.63; 16.13; 17.96) mm respectively.
Conclusion: Sunflower seed oil can be successfully formulated into a stable cream preparation with effective antibacterial and anti-acne activity against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus. The best results were found in the F4 formula containing 15% sunflower seed oil, with inhibition zones of 18,17 mm and 17,96 mm.102 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of Comparative and Contrast Language Style in the Novel Anjing Mengeong, Kucing Menggonggong Works by Eka Kurniawan
No full textThis study aims to describe the role of comparative and contrasting language styles in Eka Kurniawan’s novel Anjing Mengeong, Kucing Menggonggong. The comparative language styles examined include simile, metaphor, personification, allegorie, pleonasm, periphrases, and correction. Meanwhile, the contrasting stylistic devices include hyperbole, irony, litotes, paradox, and sarcasm. The theoretical basis used in this study is stylistics theory, which examines stylistic devices as part of the author’s uniqueness in contructing narratives and characters in literary work. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data was obtained from primary sources, namely the novel Anjing Mengeong, Kucing Menggonggong by Eka Kurniawan, and analyzed using interactive analysis technique. Data collection techniques were carried out through literature study. From the results of the study, twenty-seven quotations were found to contain similes, twenty-five quotations contained metaphors, thirty-three quotations contained personification, no quotations were found to contain allegories, seven quotations contained pleonasms, four quotations contained periphrases, and five quotations contained corrections. Meanwhile, the style of opposition includes twenty-one quotations containing hyperbole, fifteen quotations containing irony, two quotations containing litotes, one quotations containing paradox, and two quotations containing sarcasm. The results show that comparative language style, especially personification is the most common language style found in Eka Kurniawan’s novel Anjing Mengeong, Kucing Menggonggong.177 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Formulation and In Vivo of Hair Tonic Containing Tembelekan (Lantana Camara Linn.) Leaf Extract as an Anti-Dandruff and Hair Growth Agent
No full textExtreme climate change and modern lifestyles have led to an increased prevalence of hair-related issues such as hair loss and dandruff, significantly impacting individual self-confidence. While commercial hair tonics are readily available, they pose risks of irritation and chemical side effects. Lantana camara leaves present a promising natural alternative due to their rich content of secondary metabolites (flavonoids, saponins, and tannins), which are known to possess antibacterial, antifungal, and hair growth-stimulating activities. This research aimed to formulate and evaluate the efficacy of a Lantana camara leaf hair tonic preparation as an anti-dandruff agent and a hair growth stimulant in vivo, positioning it as a safe and effective hair care solution. This study employed an experimental method by formulating an ethanolic extract of Lantana camara leaves into a hair tonic preparation. The hair tonic was prepared at various extract concentrations: 0% (F0), 15% (F1), 20% (F2), and 25% (F3). All formulations complied with the requirements of SNI 16-4955-1998, which mandates negative results for Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans tests. The anti-dandruff effectiveness was evaluated in vitro against the fungus Pityrosporum ovale, while hair growth effectiveness was tested in vivo. The extract demonstrated a strong inhibitory effect with antifungal activity against Pityrosporum ovale at concentrations of 20–25%. The formulated Lantana camara leaf hair tonic met the requirements of SNI 16-4955-1998, showing pH values in the range of 5.13–6.98 and viscosity values from 3.68–4.54 cP, For microbial contamination, formulation F2 satisfied the requirements for Total Plate Count (TPC) and tested negative for Staphylococcus aureus. Formulation F3 also met the TPC criteria and tested negative for both Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. An irritation test on rabbit skin using F3 caused no erythema or edema. In vitro, F3’s antifungal activity was not significantly different from the positive control (Makarizo). In vivo, by day 20, F3 showed potential to promote hair length, with results that were not significantly different from the positive control. By day 30, both F2 and F3 were effective in maintaining hair weight at a level comparable to the normal group, though no significant increase in hair diameter was observed. The ethanol extract of Lantana camara leaves holds significant potential as a natural active ingredient in hair tonic formulations. The resulting preparation demonstrated significant effectiveness as an anti-dandruff agent and an effective hair growth stimulant.163 PagesTesis Magiste
The WATCH-DM Score as a Predictor of Hospital Length of Stay in Patients with Heart Failure and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Adam Malik Hospital
No full textIntroduction. Length of stay (LOS) is an important indicator for assessing service optimization and cost efficiency in patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The WATCH-DM score, developed in Egypt, has shown promising results but has not yet undergone external validation. Objective. To perform an external validation of the WATCH-DM score. Methods. WATCH-DM score variables were collected retrospectively at hospital admission. These data were used to externally validate the WATCH-DM score in patients with heart failure and T2DM admitted to Adam Malik Hospital. Patient characteristics, WATCH-DM scores, sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the curve (AUC) were calculated and compared with the Egyptian study as a reference. Results. A total of 77 patients were analyzed. The mean LOS was 5 days, shorter than the 11 days reported in the Egyptian study. The sensitivity and specificity of the WATCH-DM score in this study were 57% and 44%, respectively, lower than those reported in the Egyptian cohort. The AUC was 0.58 (95% CI 0.38–0.77), substantially lower than the value of 0.93 in the original study. Conclusion. The validity of the WATCH-DM score in this population was inadequate and did not match its performance in the Egyptian cohort. This score cannot yet be recommended for identifying patients at high risk of prolonged hospitalization.88 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Study of the SIR-ASI Model on the Spread of Dengue Fever with Age Classification
No full textThis study develops an SIR-ASI model for Dengue Hemorragic Fever (DHF) by incorporating age classification in the human population, specifically into children and adults groups. The model is structured into nine compartments: susceptible children , infected children , recovered children , susceptible adults , infected adults , recovered adults , aquatic mosquitoes , susceptible mosquitoes , and infected mosquitoes . The research aims to determine two equilibrium points, the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium, and the basic reproduction number (), followed by a numerical simulation. The simulation results using the parameters applied over a 100-day period show that the susceptible human population, for both children and adults, decreased significantly from the first day and become constant after approximately two weeks, while the number of infected individuals increases to a peak on the fifth day, then gradually decreases to near zero. The recovered population increased in tandem with the decrease in infected cases. Interventions such as fogging were also proven effective in reducing the aquatic-stage mosquito and infected adult mosquito populations. Furthermore, the obtained basic reproduction number value of , which is less than 1, indicates that the disease does not spread widely within the population.69 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Self-Forgiveness in Male Adolescent Victims of Child Sexual Abuse
No full textChild sexual abuse is a traumatic experience that causes deep emotional turmoil, especially for adolescent boys who also face the pressures of a rigid masculinity culture and identity crisis. This study aims to understand the dynamics of self-forgiveness in adolescent male victims of sexual violence as an important step in post-traumatic recovery, especially when they are faced with feelings of shame, guilt, and stigma.
This study uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological method. Data are
analyzed thematically based on the four phases of self-forgiveness according to
Enright, namely uncovering, decision, work, and deepening.
This research indicates that self-forgiveness in adolescent male survivors of child sexual abuse is a complex and diverse process in their recovery. The study highlights the integration of the self-forgiveness process into a strong self-identity, leading to self-acceptance and positive emotional growth.194 PagesSkripsi Sarjan