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Analysis of the Meanings of Ḥarf Jarr in Al-Qur’an Surah Ṭāhā.
No full textThis is study about “Analysis of the Meanings of Ḥarf Jarr in Sūrah Ṭāhā of the Qur’an (A Syntactic Analysis)”. The research problem focuses on identifying and analyzing the meanings of ḥarf jarr in Sūrah Ṭāhā. This study aims to comprehensively identify the ḥarf jarr present in Sūrah Ṭāhā of the Qur’an and analyze their meanings. The research a library research contextual. using descriptive qualitative analysis. The data collective white note-taking technique by Mahsun and the theory analysis used by Al-ghulayaini. The findings identified ḥarf jarr : al-bāʾ, min, ilā, ḥattā, ʿan, ʿalā, fī, and al-lām. Ḥarf Jarr "al-Bā’u" (الباء): 36 with variations, 2 adhesion (الإلصاق), 2 instrumentality (الاستعانة), 3 accompaniment (المصاحبة), 3 causality (السببية), 1 partiality (التبعيض), 3 temporal context (الظرفية), 22 emphasis (التوكيد). Ḥarf Jarr "Min" (مِن): 45 with variations, 5 partiality (التبعيض), 6 temporal/spatial context (الظرفية), 2 specification of category (بيانالجنس), 2 causality (التعليل), 2 initiation (الابتداء), and 28 emphasis (التوكيد). Ḥarf Jarr "Ilā" (إلى): 17 with meanings ,12 endpoint of a goal (انتهاء الغاية) and 5 accompaniment (المصاحبة). Ḥarf Jarr "Ḥattā" (حتى): 1 with variations termination (انتهاء الغاية). Ḥarf Jarr "‘An" (عن): 4 with variations, 3 transcendence (المجاوزة) and 1 equivalence to "min (مِن)". Ḥarf Jarr "‘Alā" (على): 29 with variations, 10 superiority (الاستعلاء), 15 contextual equivalence to "fī (في)", 1 contextual equivalence to "ba" (الباء), 1 transcendence (المجاوزة),and 2 accompaniment (المصاحبة). Ḥarf Jarr "Fī" (في): 31, with variations, 25 temporal/spatial context (الظرفية), 1 causality (التعليل), 1 causality (السببية), 1 contextual equivalence to "ba" (الباء), 1 superiority (الاستعلاء), and 2 equivalence to "with (مع)" . Ḥarf Jarr "Lām" (اللام): 44 with variations, 18 possession (الملك), 6 specification (الاختصاص), and 18 clarification (التبيين), 1 causality (التعليل), 1 endpoint of a goal (انتهاء الغاية).87 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of Factors Influencing the Volume of Indonesian Ginger Exports to Major Export Destination Countries
No full textIndonesia is one of the world's largest ginger exporters. The volume of
Indonesian ginger exports to major export destinations still shows fluctuations. The
purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence the volume of
Indonesian ginger exports to major export destinations. The data used is cross
sectional data from five major export countries and time series data from 2000 to
2022. Export data was obtained from WITS, domestic ginger price data from FAO,
and GDP, population, and inflation data of importing countries from the World
Bank. The analysis method used was Panel Data Regression. The results of the
analysis indicate that GDP and inflation variables do not influence Indonesia's
ginger export volume. The population variable has a positive and significant effect,
while the domestic ginger price variable has a negative and significant effect on
Indonesia's ginger export volume.82 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of Activated Carbon Waste Filter from Drinking Water Depot as an Adsorbent for Reducing Iron Metal in Well Water
No full textThe limited supply of clean water around the Medan Industrial Area
encourages people to use drilled well water which is susceptible to contamination by
heavy metal contaminants, especially iron (Fe) which has levels exceeding the
threshold of 0.2 mg/L according to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the
Republic of Indonesia No. 2 of 2023. This study utilized granular activated carbon
waste from drinking water depot filters as an adsorbent, through a washing process
using 0.5 M HCl, drying at 110°C for 2 hours and thermal reactivation at 500°C,
600°C, and 700°C for 2 hours. Characterization of the physical properties of
activated carbon was carried out by testing the water content and ash content before
and after thermal reactivation, while surface morphology characterization was
carried out using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) before and after
reactivation at the best temperature (700°C). The adsorption test was conducted
using a two-stage batch method: the first stage tested variations in reactivation
temperature on a well water sample with a concentration of 58.4 mg/L, and the
second stage tested variations in adsorbent weights of 4g, 6g, 8g, and 10g at the best
temperature of 700°C with an Fe content of 12.7 mg/L. Fe levels before and after the
adsorption process were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
(AAS) at a wavelength of 248.3 nm. The results showed that thermal reactivation at
700°C and an adsorbent weight of 10 g was able to reduce Fe levels by 99.92% with
an Fe content of 0.009 mg/L. This study demonstrates that waste activated carbon
from drinking water depot filters can be reused as an adsorbent, producing Fe levels
<0.2 mg/L (Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 2
of 2023).127 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Preliminary Design of a Bioplastic Pellet Manufacturing Plant Based on Acetylated Sweet Potato Starch with the Addition of Citric Acid as a Crosslinking Agent with a Capacity of 37,500 Tons per Year
No full textBioplastic pellets are an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional
plastics derived from renewable raw materials. The main objective of this plant
design is to implement the principles of chemical engineering and to provide
preliminary information for the establishment of a bioplastic pellet manufacturing
plant from sweet potatoes through an acetylation process with a production capacity
of 37,500 tons per year. The main process in this preliminary plant design consists of
three stages: raw material preparation, product formation, and product purification.
The plant is planned to be established in Winduherang Village, Cigugur District,
Kuningan Regency, West Java Province, with a land area of 19,200 m². The plant will
employ 120 workers and operate as a Limited Liability Company (PT) led by a
director with a line organizational system. The total investment required for the
establishment and operation of the plant is Rp 4.275.833.673.631, with a production
cost of Rp 2.587.818.528.449. Based on the feasibility analysis, the plant shows a
Break-Even Point (BEP) of 21.35%, a Return on Investment (ROI) of 12,26%, a Pay
Out Time (POT) of 8 years and 2 months, a Rate of Return on Net Worth (RON) of
20,44%, and an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 16%. From the economic analysis
results, it can be concluded that this preliminary design for a bioplastic pellet
manufacturing plant is economically feasible to establish.390 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Legal Consequences Of Founders Failure To Realize Capital Contributions In Limited Liability Companies
No full textFounders who fail to fulfill capital contributions in a limited liability company (LLC) create legal uncertainty, as proof of capital contribution is a fundamental requirement for the company to obtain legal entity status. Such proof may take the form of deposit slips, a certificate from a bank, or a written statement signed by all directors and commissioners confirming the contribution. However, issues arise when founders do not fulfill their obligation to contribute capital as required. This research adopts a normative juridical method with a descriptive approach, utilizing statutory and library research methods. Data were collected through literature review and analyzed qualitatively. The study concludes that founders are obligated to fulfill their capital contributions after the company is established to ensure legal certainty for any legal acts carried out by either the founders or the company’s organs. Failure to do so constitutes an unlawful act. Founders and corporate organs who deliberately avoid capital contributions may have their shareholder rights suspended until obligations are fulfilled. Furthermore, any resulting losses—whether affecting the founders as shareholders or the company’s organs—will be jointly and severally borne. The findings emphasize that founders should fulfill their capital contributions as part of their responsibilities as shareholders to ensure that company organs can later carry out legal actions with full legal certainty.170 PagesTesis Magiste
Modeling Above Ground Carbon Stocks Using Sentinel-1 Imagery in the Mangrove Forest of Lubuk Kertang Village West Brandan Subdistrict Langkat Regency
No full textMangrove forests play a vital role in coastal ecosystems, particularly in carbon sequestration. The calculation of above ground carbon content in mangrove forest ecosystems plays a crucial role in global climate change mitigation efforts, given the significant carbon storage capacity of mangrove forests. Information on carbon stocks can aid in formulating conservation policies and sustainable natural resource management. This study aims to model the above ground carbon content in the mangrove forest of Lubuk Kertang Village, Brandan Barat District, Langkat Regency, using Sentinel-1 satellite imagery. The methodology includes direct biomass measurements in the field using 20 × 20 meter plots and image data analysis employing the Random Forest algorithm and regression. The processed data includes tree species, diameter at breast height (DBH), and backscatter values from Sentinel-1 imagery. The linear regression model using the VV+VH combination, represented by the equation y = 8.6664x + 262, produced the best results with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 86.98% and a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 8.63, indicating a high level of accuracy in estimating above-ground carbon stock. These findings demonstrate that Sentinel-1 imagery is effective in estimating carbon stocks, providing a valuable basis for supporting conservation efforts and sustainable mangrove forest management.46 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
An Analysis Of Community Conflict Over The Formation Of Clan Identity Politics And The Election Of A Minority Candidate In The 2019 Lolowau Village Head Election
No full textThis study examines community conflict arising from the practice of clan-based identity politics and the election of a minority candidate in the 2019 Village Head Election in Lolowau. Identity politics rooted in kinship has long dominated the village’s political dynamics, allowing the majority clan to hold leadership for decades. The victory of a candidate from the minority clan triggered social tension, disappointment, and rejection among segments of the community who felt their political dominance had been displaced. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method, with data collected through in-depth interviews with community leaders, village officials, and residents from various clans. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman model and supported by three main theoretical frameworks: Identity Politics Theory, Relative Deprivation Theory, and Minority Influence Theory. The findings show that clan-based identity politics played a central role in intensifying social polarization during the election. The majority group experienced relative deprivation after losing a leadership position they perceived as a traditional right. Meanwhile, the minority’s victory reflects a shift in political orientation toward more rational, consistent, and inclusive decision-making. The resulting conflict was not merely a struggle for power, but also part of a broader social transformation toward a more democratic and equitable local political structure.112 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) Based Gold Scales with Digital Structure Output
No full textMany gold traders still used manual scales in buying and selling transactions, which often led to inaccurate measurements and potential errors in transaction recording. Additionally, the use of paper receipts increased waste and had a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, there was a need for a more modern, efficient, and environmentally friendly system. This study developed an Internet of Things (IoT)-based gold weighing system that allowed real-time monitoring of measurement results. The system used components such as Load Cell, HX711, RTC, ESP32, LCD, and the MIT App Inventor application for digital transaction recording. The Load Cell was calibrated to ensure measurement accuracy, and the results were compared to international standards. The system generated digital receipts containing information such as the cashier’s name, customer’s name, phone number, item model, gold weight, price per gram, and total price. The receipts were sent directly to the customer’s WhatsApp, reducing paper use and increasing service efficiency. Transaction data were stored in the system, allowing store owners to monitor and analyze sales more accurately. Test results showed that the average weighing error was only 0.1%, approaching the ideal standard of 0.0%. This system successfully addressed challenges in gold trading by improving accuracy, efficiency, and sustainability.70 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Relationship of Predisposing and Reinforcing Factors with Exclusive Breastfeeding to Prevent Stunting in The Work Area of Sei Tualang Raso Health Center
No full textExclusive breastfeeding is one of the factors that affect the nutritional status of
children. Exclusive breastfeeding can reduce the risk of various diseases,
including growth disorders such as stunting. The WHO report in 2022 globally,
the prevalence of stunting was 22.3 percent of all children under 5 years old and
in the Southeast Asia region it was 26.4 percent. SSGI data in 2022, the
prevalence of stunting in toddlers in Indonesia was 21.6 percent while in Tanjung
Balai city it was 26.9 percent. This study aims to analyze the relationship between
predisposing and reinforcing factors with Exclusive Breastfeeding to prevent
stunting in the work area of Sei Tualang Raso Health Center. The type of research
used is analytical research with a cross-sectional design. The population in this
study were mothers who had toddlers aged 6-24 months who were in the Sei
Tualang Raso Health Center area, totaling 126 people. The number of research
samples was 100 respondents taken using the simple random sampling technique.
Univariate data were analyzed descriptively and bivariate data were analyzed
using the chi-square test. The results of the study showed the highest proportion
based on the characteristics of mothers aged 20-35 years at (80%), the age of
children 12-24 months was (75%), the gender of the child was female (54%), not
stunted at (83%), mother with higher education (79%), not working at (81%),
multiparous parity at (66%), not supporting health workers at (61%), not
exclusive breastfeeding at (69%). The results of the chi-square test showed that
there was a relationship between variables the mother's education level (p-value
0.017), the parity (p-value 0.038) and support from health workers (p-value
0.000) with exclusive breastfeeding, while the variable that had no relationship
with exclusive breastfeeding was the mother's employment status (p-value 0.541).
For mothers, it is advisable to routinely take their babies to the integrated health
post to find out the growth and development of their babies and to increase
knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding. For the Sei Tualang Raso Health
Center, it is hoped that it will increase information about the importance of
exclusive breastfeeding for babies107 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Minang Ethnic Settlement in Medan Area District, Medan City 1950-2000
No full textThis study examines the settlement activities of the Minang ethnic group in Medan Area Subdistrict, Medan City, spanning the period from 1950 to 2000. It specifically elucidates the role of the Minang ethnic group in the social, cultural, and economic aspects of the surrounding community in the Medan Area region. The Minang ethnic settlements are particularly significant in discussions of their contributions to supporting Medan City's economy, especially in the culinary and trade sectors. The objectives of this research are to describe the patterns and development of these settlements, the forms of cultural adaptation, and the policies of the Medan City Government toward Minang ethnic settlements in Medan Area Subdistrict. The research process employs the Historical Method, consisting of heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The theoretical framework utilized is the Theory of Economic Location. The findings indicate that the Minang ethnic group in Medan Area Subdistrict, Medan City, migrated from the Minang homeland primarily due to economic factors, with the aim of improving their livelihoods. They reside and live within cohesive clusters of areas. Typically, they are traders, tailors, educated students, and professionals who pursue education in Medan City. Inter-ethnic marriages have facilitated their integration and blending with other cultures. Conflicts with the surrounding community are extremely rare. The Medan City Regional Government fulfills all their essential needs and demonstrates concern for their voices and aspirations in the political domain. Regulations governing their lives while residing in Medan Area Subdistrict impose very few disadvantages on them. They are permitted to establish surau (small prayer houses), lapau (traditional Minang eateries), and to live in areas near markets, which serve as their primary economic foundation.125 PagesTesis Magiste