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Analysis Of Potential Bankruptcy Prediction By Methods Altman Z-Score At Perum BULOG In Indonesia Period 2021-2023
No full textThis research was conducted with the aim of finding out predictions of the possibility of bankruptcy at Perum BULOG Indonesia for the 2021-2023 period using the Altman Z-Score Method. The results of this analysis will show how likely bankruptcy is to occur in the company. The data source used is secondary data obtained from the official website of Perum BULOG Indonesia using quantitative descriptive methods as the data collection method. There are four financial ratios used in the Altman Z-Score method: Working capital to total assets, retained earnings to total assets, earnings before interest and taxes to total assets, and market value of equity to total liabilities. The results of the discussion show that over the last three years, Perum BULOG has never been in a healthy or safe zone from bankruptcy, seen from the values resulting from the four ratios and using the formula that has become the provision for calculating the Altman Z-Score.46 PagesKertas Karya Diplom
Experimental Study Conducted on A 120 Liter Capacity Solar Water Heater Designed Using Rectangular Fins on The Pipes to Obtain Energy and Exergy Efficiency
No full textIndonesia is used as a destination for foreign tourism. The facilities that are needed by tourists in Indonesian hotels are the availability of hot water. In addition, the needs of restaurants and hospitals for hygiene are also carried out with hot water. However, the availability of hot water mostly still uses conventional electrical energy. The source of electrical energy in Indonesia is still dominated by fossil fuel power plants, thus producing relatively large carbon gas emissions. Therefore, a solar water heater is needed. The air heater in question is a solar water heater with a capacity of 120L, with a collector measuring 160cm x 100cm x 8cm. The collector on this heater is given rectangular fins on the pipe. The fins are considered capable of increasing the thermal conductivity value of the pipe so that it can increase the efficiency of the solar water heater. So a study was conducted to determine the energy efficiency and exergy of the water heater. Energy analysis of heat entering and leaving the collector where the largest energy efficiency is 67,75%. Exergy is analyzed based on the exergy entering from the sun with the exergy leaving or work done by the collector where the exergy efficiency is 36.35%.101 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Optimization of Transportation Routes and Waste Transportation Costs at USU's 3R Waste Transfer Station Using the Saving Matrix Method
No full textThe background of the research is based on the increasing volume of waste along with population growth, especially in Medan City, which produces around 2,000 tons of waste per day. The main problem faced is the inefficiency of waste transportation routes, which causes waste of time and money. This research aims to optimize the transportation route and cost of transporting waste at TPS 3R USU using the Saving Matrix method with the help of Machine Learning Python. The Saving Matrix method was chosen due to its ability to minimize mileage, time, and cost by considering vehicle capacity and waste volume. The data used includes coordinates of TPS locations, waste generation, and vehicle capacity, which are then processed using the Python programming language to generate optimal routes. The Nearest Neighbor algorithm was applied to determine the order of the closest visits from the depot (TPS3R USU). The results showed that the route optimization successfully reduced the total mileage and operational costs. The developed Python program produced 12 new routes with an optimal fuel cost of Rp 139.890.503 / year. In addition, this method proved to be flexible and can be applied on a larger scale. The conclusion of this research is that the Saving Matrix method is effective in minimizing the cost and distance of waste transportation. Suggestions for future research include consideration of road dynamics, development of Python programs for additional variables, and evaluation of waste segregation to improve efficiency116 PagesTesis Magiste
Determination of Poverty in Jakarta
No full textThis study aims to analyze the determinants of poverty in DKI Jakarta during
the period 2014–2023. The independent variables include Per Capita Income,
Population Size, Open Unemployment Rate (TPT), and Gini Ratio, while the
dependent variable is the poverty rate measured by the percentage of poor
population according to the standards of the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The
study employs a quantitative approach using panel data regression with the
Common Effect Model. The data used are secondary data obtained from BPS
publications and other official sources.
The results indicate that Population Size has a negative and significant effect
on poverty, while the Open Unemployment Rate has a positive and significant effect.
Meanwhile, Per Capita Income and Gini Ratio have no significant effect at the 5%
level, although the Gini Ratio shows a negative influence at the 10% significance
level. Simultaneously, all independent variables significantly affect poverty in
Jakarta, with an R-squared value of 0.89, suggesting that 89% of the variation in
poverty can be explained by the model.
These findings suggest that expanding employment opportunities is the most
crucial factor in reducing poverty in Jakarta, while population growth, when
accompanied by inclusive economic policies, can contribute to poverty alleviation.
Therefore, local governments are encouraged to prioritize job creation, inequality
reduction, and the optimization of targeted social assistance programs as effective
strategies for tackling urban poverty.83 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Design of Automatic Vegetable Watering Device Using Solenoid Valve Based on Microcontroller and Humidity Sensor
No full textWith the development of science and technology, everything is done instantly. Of
course, everyone is also competing with each other to create various innovations to make
everyone's work easier. The development of science and the latest technology means that
humans can always provide innovation and creative ideas for doing things. Currently,
almost all activities require effective automation and make human work easier, especially
in the agricultural sector such as automatic plant watering. The application of technology
has an important impact on farmers because it can increase the productivity of farmers'
businesses. Apart from that, the impact of applying technology can provide benefits for
farmers such as preventing or reducing the risk of failure in farming. Technology can
replace the role of farmers in managing and maintaining the condition of crops. The author
conducted research aimed at making an automatic vegetable growing tool using an ESP 32
microcontroller, soil moisture sensor, DHT11 temperature sensor with solenoid valve so
that this tool is expected to be able to grow more than one type of vegetable at a time and
without paying attention to environmental factors or the location of the vegetable. planted
which the author hopes can be developed further for a larger scale and more varied plants.81 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Impact Strength of Heat-Cured Acrylic Resin after The Addition Of Alkalized and Dyed Nanoparticle Powder of Barangan Banana Stem (Musa Acuminata Colla)
No full textHeat-cured acrylic resin as a denture base that is potentially subject to sudden impacts, such as falling while cleaning dentures. To prevent the possibility of easy fracture due to impact, it is necessary to increase the impact strength of acrylic resin. One of the ways is to add reinforcing materials such as natural fibers. The addition of natural fibers, such as banana stem fibers, as a reinforcement for acrylic resin is expected to improve and enhance the mechanical properties, thus strengthening the resistance of acrylic resin to impact. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in impact strength of heat-cured acrylic resin after the addition of alkalized and dyed barangan banana stem fiber nanoparticle powder (Musa acuminata Colla) at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% weight.
The research samples were made of heat-cured acrylic resin 80x10x4 mm as many as 10 pieces for each treatment group, namely, the group without fiber powder addition (I), the group added fiber powder with 0.5% weight (II), fiber powder 1% weight (III) and fiber powder 1.5% weight (IV) with ratio of fiber powder: polymer: monomer, namely 0.025 gr: 4.975 gr: 2.5 ml (II), 0.05 gr: 4.95 gr: 2.5 ml (III), and 0.075 gr: 4.925 gr: 2.5 ml (IV). The fibers were taken from the middle part of the banana stem, alkalized with 5% NaOH at a temperature of 25oC for 1 hour, then dyed with 15% red dragon fruit extract, ground, dried, and underwent the ball milling process to obtain nanoparticle size. Nanoparticle powder was added to the resin powder and mixed with monomer liquid, packaged, then cured, then the sample was polished and finalized. Impact strength was tested using a Charpy impact tester with a swing angle of 150o and a hammer mass of 0.71 kg.
The mean and standard deviation of impact strength values in groups I, II, III, and IV were 0.0095±0.0019 J/mm2, 0.0131±0.0032 J/mm2, 0.0139±0.0035 J/mm2, 0.0145±0.0026 J/mm2, respectively. ANOVA statistical test showed that there was a significant difference in impact strength in heat-cured acrylic resin after the addition of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% weight of barangan banana stem fiber powder with p-value of 0.002 (p <0.05). Post-hoc test showed that there was a significant difference (p <0.05) between groups with and without addition. It can be concluded that the impact strength of heat-cured acrylic resin increases with the addition of nanoparticle powder of barangan banana stem fiber and the addition of 1.5% weight is the powder concentration with the highest impact value.90 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Legal Certainty Regarding Rejection of the Application for Postponement of Debt Payment Obligations Based on the Reason for the Value of the Debtor's Debt (Study of Commercial Court Decisions)
No full textThe application for Postponement of Debt Payment Obligation (PKPU) must normatively fulfill the formal and material requirements as stipulated in Article 222, jo. Article 8, paragraph (4), of the Bankruptcy and PKPU Law. However, in practice, not all applications that meet these requirements are granted, as seen in Decision Number 6/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2024/PN Niaga Mdn and Decision Number 336/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2022/PN Niaga Jkt.Pst which was rejected on the grounds of the insignificant value of the debtor's debt, and Decision Number 90/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2021/PN Niaga Jkt.Pst which was granted. This research aims to examine the position of PKPU, the relevance of the application of PERMA Number 4 of 2019 concerning Simple Lawsuits to PKPU, and the legal certainty of the rejection of PKPU applications based on debt value. The method used is normative legal research supported by interviews. The nature of this research is descriptive using secondary data obtained through literature study and interview collection techniques. The results showed that the different interpretations of judges in rejecting PKPU applications and directing them to the Simple Lawsuit mechanism have the potential to cause legal uncertainty. This is because PKPU and Simple Lawsuit are different legal instruments and cannot replace each other. Juridically-normatively, the Panel of Judges should have accepted the application, even though the Bankruptcy and PKPU Law does not explicitly regulate the minimum debt value limit in filing PKPU. Therefore, to ensure legal certainty for the parties in filing a PKPU application in the future, it is necessary to regulate the insolvency test, then issue a PERMA that replaces SK MA RI No.109/KMA/SK/IV/2020 to realize uniformity in handling PKPU cases, as well as the need for education and training by the Supreme Court to commercial judges and civil judges to distinguish PKPU from Simple Lawsuits.127 pagesSkripsi Sarjan
Management of the Leadership Capacity of the Head of the Room in Optimizing Nursing Management at Adam Malik Hospital
No full textThe leadership capacity of the head of the room plays an important role in
supporting the implementation of management functions in the hospital
because this ability allows resource management, team coordination, and
effective decision making in an effort to improve the quality of nursing
services. This practice is to analyze the relationship between the leadership
capacity of the head of the room in optimizing nursing management in the
Adam Malik Hospital inpatient room with a cross-sectional quantitative
design. The sample amounted to 25 heads of rooms at Adam Malik Hospital
with the selection using total sampling. Data were analyzed by descriptive
method and Spearman test. The results of the practice show that there is a
significant relationship between the leadership capacity of the head of the
room in optimizing nursing management at Adam Malik Hospital which is
dominated by demographic data of the head of the integrated inpatient room
aged 25-44 years, Ners education, working as head of the room for 7-9 years,
working at Adam Malik Hospital for 16-20 years and having a PK IV career
level. It is expected that the head of the room actively improves leadership
competence through leadership training and further research can explore
more deeply using qualitative or mixed methods research methods.86 PagesKarya Tulis Profes
Socio-Economic Conditions Of Farming Families After Falsh in Siparmahan Village, Harian District, Samosir Regency
No full textIndonesia as an agricultural country has a population that mostly works as farmers, however, the condition of farmers is still very vulnerable due to low educational background, high population growth rate and conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural land reducing the area of land. In normal conditions, the condition of farmers is quite concerning, then what about the condition of farmers after a disaster, considering that Indonesia is one of the countries most vulnerable to disasters. Therefore, researchers want to reveal the socio-economic conditions of farming families in one of the villages, namely Siparmahan Village, after the disaster. The aim is to determine the socio-economic conditions of farming families and also to find out the survival strategies carried out by farming families after the flash flood disaster. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques with observation, documentation and in-depth interviews. The results of this study show that the condition of farmers who were originally poor, coupled with the pressure from the flash flood disaster, makes farming families even poorer. This is indicated by drastically reduced income, declining quality of clothing and food, depletion of savings for survival capital, health problems such as deep trauma and disruption of village community interactions. Meanwhile, the strategies carried out by farming families after the flash flood disaster are to save and reduce rice consumption, utilize networks such as family and government assistance, and self-help strategies, namely working hard to repair damaged agricultural land and also open new land.148 pageSkripsi Sarjan
The Relationship Between Pain Severity and the Degree of Radiological Abnormalities in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital
No full textBackground:
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease
characterized by progressive damage to the articular cartilage resulting from an
imbalance between the synthesis and degradation processes within the joint tissues,
including the extracellular matrix, chondrocytes, and subchondral bone. This
condition commonly occurs in older adults and is primarily associated with pain,
with varying intensity levels among individuals. Objective: To determine the
relationship between the degree of pain and the degree of radiological
abnormalities in patients with knee osteoarthritis at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis
Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155,
INDONESIA. Methods: This study waan analytical observational research with a
cross-sectional approach involving 110 samples obtained from secondary data of
knee OA patients’ medical records from January 2023 to May 2025. The degree of
pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), while the degree of
radiological abnormality was evaluated using the Kellgren–Lawrence (KL)
classification. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test with a significance
level of p ≤ 0.05. Results: Of the 110 samples, most patients were female (83.6%)
and aged between 61–70 years (44.5%). The majority experienced moderate pain
(74.5%) and had moderate radiological abnormalities (56.4%). The Chi-Square
test showed χ² = 6.481 with a p-value of 0.371, indicating no significant
relationship between the degree of pain and the degree of radiological abnormality
in knee osteoarthritis (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There is no significant relationship
between the degree of pain measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and
the degree of radiological abnormality of knee osteoarthritis assessed using the
Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) classification (p = 0.371).68 PagesSkripsi Sarjan