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A Comparative Study of SGPT, SGOT, and Random Blood Glucose Levels Among Preeclamptic Patients With and Without a History of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus or Hypertension at H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, From January 2022 to August 2025
No full textIntroduction. Preelampsia is a pregnancy complication with high maternal morbidity and mortality that is frequently associated with metabolic and hepatic dysfunction. Chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension are thought to influence liver enzyme activity and random blood glucose levels in preeclamptic patients. Objective. This study aimed to compare serum levels of SGOT, SGPT, and random blood glucose (RBG) among preeclamptic patients with and without a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus or chronic hypertension. Methods. 58 preeclamptic patients who were hospitalized to H. Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan between January 2022 and August 2025 participated in this cross-sectional analytical observational study. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test, followed by the Mann–Whitney post-hoc test when significant differences were found. Results and Discussion. Median SGOT and SGPT levels showed no significant differences among groups (p = 0.777 and p = 0.670, respectively). In contrast, RBG levels differed significantly between groups (p = 0.022), with a significant difference between the non-comorbid and type 2 diabetes groups (p = 0.005) and between the type 2 diabetes and hypertension groups (p = 0.027). There was no significant difference between the non-comorbid and hypertension groups (p = 0.641). Conclusion. There were no significant differences in SGOT and SGPT levels among the three groups; however, RBG levels were significantly higher in preeclamptic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.72 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Relationship of Knowledge and Attitude with Home Sanitation in Prevention of Transmission in Tb Patients at Desa Binjai Health Center in 2025
No full textTuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is still one of the global public health problems, including in Indonesia. One of the steps to prevent TB transmission is by improving the quality of home sanitation, which is supported by patient knowledge and attitudes in implementing preventive behavior. This study aims to analyze the relationship of knowledge and attitude with home sanitation in preventing of transmission in TB patients at Desa Binjai Health Center, Medan Denai District. This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study were all registered TB patients who were undergoing treatment during 2025 at the Desa Binjai Health Center. The sampling technique was total sampling. Data were collected through interviews using questionnaires regarding respondent characteristics, knowledge, attitudes and observations of home sanitation conditions. Data analysis was carried out using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that most respondents were aged 25–45 years, male and worked as private employees. The level of knowledge of respondents was relatively low (75,8%) and most had negative attitudes towards TB prevention (57,6%). The results of statistical analysis showed a significant relationship of knowledge and home sanitation conditions and a significant relationship of attitude and home sanitation. Therefore, it is expected that TB patients and their family members not only have good knowledge and attitudes, but also apply them in real terms in maintaining the cleanliness and sanitation of their homes.108 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Implementation of Statistical Quality Control to Control the Number of Babies with Low Birth Weight in North Sumatera in 2021-2023
No full textLow birth weight (LBW) cases remain a problem in developing countries.
Indonesia, as a developing country, still faces the challenge of low birth weight
(LBW) as a public health issue, especially in rural areas with limited access to
health facilities. This situation is particularly relevant in North Sumatra, where
many remote areas face difficulties in accessing adequate healthcare services.
These limitations are exacerbated by low levels of education and a lack of public
awareness regarding the importance of nutrition during pregnancy. This
contributes to the high rate of babies born with low birth weight (LBW). Low birth
weight (LBW) increases the risk of mortality and morbidity. This study aims to
observe and conclude which districts/cities in North Sumatra have LBW rates that
are outside the control limits. It also seeks to identify districts/cities in North
Sumatra that require further evaluation regarding the issue of LBW. The method
used is Statistical Quality Control using average control charts (X̄) and range
(R). The study used a quantitative approach with secondary data obtained from
the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The analysis results showed a central line
value for the X̄ control chart of 40.323 with an upper control limit (UCL) of
93.953 and a lower control limit (LCL) of -13.307. Meanwhile, the calculation of
the R control chart yielded a central line value of 52.424 with an upper control
limit (UCL) of 134.992 and a lower control limit (LCL) of 0. From the analysis
results, it can be concluded that the X̄ and R control charts are still in an
uncontrolled state, as evidenced by the control chart showing several points
outside the control limits (out of control).95 PagesKertas Karya Diplom
Alfi Siregar's Personal Branding as a Fashion and Beauty Influencer on Instagram
No full textThis study aims to analyze how Alfi Siregar builds personal branding as a fashion and
beauty influencer on Instagram, and how this personal branding is displayed based on
eleven personal branding elements according to Hubert K. Rampersad's (2009) Criteria
for Effective Authentic Personal Branding theory. This study uses a descriptive qualitative
method with a constructivist paradigm to explore the subjectivity of experience and the
reflective process in building personal branding. Data were collected through interviews
with six informants consisting of one key informant and four primary informants who are
active followers of the Instagram account @alfisrg. Data collection techniques were
carried out through semi-structured interviews, observations, and literature studies, and
their validity was tested using source triangulation. The results of the study indicate that
Alfi Siregar's personal branding is formed authentically and consistently, emphasizing
fashion and beauty styles. His branding process involves the values of honesty, genuine
self-representation, and emotional closeness with his followers. The findings also show that
the eleven personal branding elements according to Rampersad are reflected in the content
and interactions built by Alfi. His followers' perception of him is also positive, with Alfi
being seen as an inspiring, consistent, and relevant figure.164 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Relationship Between Sociodemographic and HIV Incidence in 17-65 Age Group at VCT Clinic of Padang Bulan Public Health Center Medan in 2025
No full textHuman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) attacks the immune system and can progress to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Addressing HIV/AIDS is crucial for achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3.3, which aims to end the epidemic by 2030. By the end of 2023, global HIV prevalence reached 5‰ with a Case Fatality Rate (CFR) of 16‰. In Indonesia, prevalence stands at 2‰, while incidence has increased from 13 per 100,000 population in 2021 to 21 per 100,000 in 2023, with a CFR of 7‰. In Medan City, HIV incidence reached 70 per 1,000 population. Puskesmas Padang Bulan is a health facility in Medan providing voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) services. This study aims to analyze the relationship between sociodemographics and HIV incidence at the VCT Clinic of Padang Bulan Health Center Medan in 2025. This study employs an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach, involving 85 samples collected using purposive sampling technique. Univariate data were analyzed descriptively and bivariate data were analyzed by chi square test with 95 percent confidence level (α=0.05). Results showed that 75.3% of respondents at the VCT Clinic of Padang Bulan Medan Health Center in 2025 were diagnosed HIV-positive. There was an association between gender (p 0.05), ethnicity (p > 0.05), occupation (p > 0.05), and regional origin (p > 0.05) has no significant association with HIV incidence. Individuals with HIV should adhere to antiretroviral treatment and adopt a healthy lifestyle to improve quality of life and prevent transmission. The community must foster awareness, promote inclusivity, and disseminate accurate HIV/AIDS information to reduce stigma.152 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Effect of Sintering Temperature on the Crystallinity of Hydroxiapatite Synthesised from Catfish (Clarias Sp.) Bones by Wet Precipitation Method
No full textHydroxyapatite (HAp) was synthesized from catfish (Clarias sp.) bone using
the wet precipitation method. The bone composition was analyzed using EDXRF and showed a calcium oxide (CaO) content of 59.42 wt%. Sintering was carried out at 800°C, 900°C, and 1000°C to investigate the effect of temperature on HAp crystallinity. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic functional groups of HAp, indicated by absorption bands at 3448 cm⁻¹ and 3570 cm⁻¹ (O–H vibration), at 1043 cm⁻¹ and 1083 cm⁻¹ (asymmetric P–O stretching), and at 565 cm⁻¹ and 603 cm⁻¹ (symmetric O–P–O bending). XRD analysis revealed diffraction peaks at 2θ = 25.94°, 31.33°, 32.70°, 34.64°, and 53.29°, corresponding to crystalline HAp phases.
Crystallinity increased with rising sintering temperature, reaching the highest value of 98.8% at 1000°C. FESEM–EDS analysis showed that HAp exhibited regular morphology, agglomeration, and coalescence. The average particle size was 0.628 µm, with a Ca/P ratio of 1.44 at 1000°C.67 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Effectiveness of Ethanol Extract of Red Watermelon Rind (Citrullus lanatus) Against the Growth of Staphylococcus aureus (In Vitro)
No full textStaphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic bacterium that causes infections and exhibits resistance to several antibiotics. Red watermelon rind is known to contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, and tannins, which have antibacterial activity. The extract was obtained using the maceration method at concentrations of 3.125%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, and 50%, with 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate as a positive control and Dimethyl sulfoxide as a negative control. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of red watermelon rind extract against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The research was a laboratory experimental study with a post-test only control group design conducted in vitro. Antibacterial testing was performed using the disk diffusion method. The results were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, which revealed significant inhibition zones (p=0.000; p<0.05) across all treatment groups. It was concluded that ethanol extract of red watermelon rind effectively inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, with inhibition zones at concentrations of 1.56%: 6.16 mm, 3.125%: 9.45 mm, 6.25%: 10.63 mm, 12.5%: 15.25 mm, 25%: 16.81 mm, and 50%: 18.09 mm.94 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Quality of Service of the Food Security Office in the Affordable Food Movement (GPM) Program in Deli Serdang Regency
No full textThis research is motivated by the suboptimal quality of public service in the implementation of the Cheap Food Movement Program (GPM), particularly in Deli Serdang Regency. Although Deli Serdang Regency is one of the regions with a rice surplus in North Sumatra Province, the GPM program is still implemented to maintain food price stability and control inflation, especially ahead of National Religious Holidays (HBKN). However, in its implementation, various issues were found such as the inconsistency in rice distribution, lack of information to the public, and long waiting times for realization, which indicate weaknesses in service quality.
This study aims to analyze the quality of public services provided by the Deli Serdang Regency Food Security Office in the implementation of the GPM Program based on five service quality indicators according to Fitzsimmons, namely: reliability, tangibles, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy (Fitzsimmons in Nashuddin, 2016:132). The approach used is a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, using purposive sampling to determine informants consisting of officials from the Food Security Office, village officials, and the program's beneficiary community. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing.
The research results show that the quality of service in the implementation of GPM has not been optimal. The reliability indicator is still weak because the distribution of rice does not meet demand and the implementation time is limited. The tangibles indicator shows a lack of information facilities and socialization media. The responsiveness indicator is also not optimal because the administration and distribution processes are slow. On the other hand, the assurance and empathy indicators are rated well; the officers provide polite service, prices are communicated openly, and there is attention to the community's condition during food price surges. In conclusion, the GPM program in Deli Serdang needs improvements in the aspects of reliability, responsiveness, and public communication to achieve effective and equitable public service.175 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Acculturation of Hadrah with Traditional Malay Percussion in Maulid Arbain Activities in The City of Medan
No full textAcculturation in music is a form of intercultural encounter that gives birth to new
expressions in the practice of performing arts. Hadrah as a form of religious music
not only functions as a medium of da'wah, but also becomes a creative space that is
open to the influence of local culture. In urban societies such as Medan City, cultural
exchanges often occur through collective religious practices. Religious activities
such as Maulid Arbain are social spaces that allow the mixing of cultural elements,
including in the form of musicals. In the context of Maulid Arbain's activities in the
city of Medan, Hadrah experienced an interesting musical interaction with elements
of traditional Malay percussion. The main purpose of this study is to identify the
form of Hadrah performance in Maulid Arbain activities, analyze the Hadrah
playing technique that is acculturated with traditional Malay music, and examine the
acculturation process thoroughly. The descriptive qualitative approach is used with
data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation, and
is analyzed based on acculturation theory. The object of study was focused on the
performance of Hadrah in Maulid Arbain activities at the Darul Ibtihaj Islamic
Boarding School, Medan City. The results of the study show that there is an
acculturation process between Hadrah and traditional Malay percussion music. This
can be seen in the similarity of musical instruments such as tambourine and marwas
to Malay drums. Acculturation is also reflected in interlocking-based game
techniques that combine Hadrah rhythmic patterns with the peculiarities of Malay
rhythms. In addition, the involvement of participants from various backgrounds, such
as entrepreneurs, students, and Malay percussion music practitioners who study
Hadrah, shows that this acculturation process also forms a dynamic and inclusive
space for cultural interaction in the community.121 PagesTesis Magiste
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Wildlife Management in Conservation Areas in Batu Jongjong Village, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra
No full textConservation areas play a crucial role in preserving biodiversity;
however, increasing pressures from forest encroachment, poaching, and human–
wildlife conflicts have reduced the effectiveness of wildlife management. This
study aims to analyze the effectiveness of wildlife management in the conservation
area of Batu Jongjong Village, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra with the
objective of determining the level of effectiveness across aspects of habitat
management, law enforcement, funding, community participation, wildlife
condition, infrastructure, and inter agency coordination. A qualitative and
quantitative approach was applied through in depth interviews and
questionnaires distributed to six relevant institutions BKSDA, TNGL, KPH,
NGO, village authorities, and academics and analyzed using the Management
Effectiveness Tracking Tool (METT). The results indicate that wildlife
management falls within the effective category, with the highest score in interagency coordination (75.02%) and the lowest in funding and resources (69.46%).
These findings suggest that institutional collaboration is well established, though
improvements in financial support, facilities, and community engagement are still
required. Overall, the study highlights that the effectiveness of wildlife
management depends strongly on cross-sectoral synergy, adequate resource
allocation, and continuous commitment to achieving optimal and sustainable
conservation outcomes.67 PagesSkripsi Sarjan