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Identification of Dental and Oral Diseases Using Mobilenetv3 and Efficientnetv2 Methods
No full textDental and oral diseases remain a prevalent health issue in Indonesia. The lack of
routine dental check-ups and limited number of medical professionals highlight the
need for an automated image-based identification system. This study implements
two deep learning architectures, MobileNetV3 and EfficientNetV2, to classify seven
types of dental and oral diseases based on clinical images. The dataset, consisting
of 13,138 images sourced from Kaggle and the Dental and Oral Hospital of
Universitas Sumatera Utara, was split into training, validation, and testing sets.
The Models were trained using various hyperparameter combinations and
evaluated with F1-score, precision, and recall. The best result was achieved by the
MobileNetV3Large architecture with a test Accuracy of 0.949. This research
demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method for disease classification
and its potential for deployment in AI-based diagnostic systems.95 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of Framing and Sentiment in Indonesian Online Media Coverage of Tom Lembong
No full textThis study analyzes the framing and sentiment of Indonesian online media coverage of the sugar import corruption case involving the former Secretary-General of the Ministry of Trade, Tom Lembong, during the period from late 2024 to mid-2025, focusing on three major news outlets: Detik, Kompas, and Tempo. Framing analysis applies Robert M. Entman’s model, operationalized through the Gemma 3:4b language model using a zero-shot approach, while sentiment analysis is conducted using the IndoRoBERTa model. The results demonstrate high model reliability, indicated by a Mean Confidence of 0.92, Low Confidence of 4.6%, and a Sentiment Entropy of 0.90 bits, with sentiment distribution dominated by the Neutral class (74.05%). Framing consistency is validated through semantic-based metrics, yielding an Intra-frame Similarity of 0.41, an Inter-frame Similarity of 0.68, and a Frame Separability Index of 0.60. Statistical association tests reveal a significant yet moderate relationship between framing and sentiment (χ² = 119,915; p < 0.05; Cramer’s V = 0.33), indicating that framing influences sentiment formation without fully determining the emotional tone of news coverage. Overall, the three online media outlets tend to present the case in a factual and neutral manner, with negative sentiment primarily concentrated in the Moral Judgment frame, underscoring the effectiveness of a large language model–assisted framing analysis for examining how Indonesian media construct narratives around high-profile corruption cases.80 PagesTesis Magiste
Reduced Gradient – Mixed Non-Linear Model Approach for Coffee Plant Maintenance Optimization
No full textOptimizing the allocation of limited workers for the maintenance of smallholder coffee farms using a Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) model results in high computational complexity. Unlike other similar studies, the MINLP model in this research focuses on the number of human workers allocated according to optimal time windows based on daily productivity. This research proposes a hybrid method called the Approximation Reduced Gradient Hybrid Optimizer (ARGHO), which combines Outer Approximation (OA) for the master MILP and Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) for the sub-NLP with adaptive tolerance (gap-based decay) to efficiently explore the global solution space of MINLP models. OA decomposition breaks down the MINLP into a linear master problem and GRG integration refines the continuous variables in the non-linear subproblem sections when the discrete decision vector from the master problem is fixed, and returns gradient information to construct OA-cuts that strengthen the master problem in the next iteration until the gap between the Upper Bound (UB) and Lower Bound (LB) shrinks within an adaptive tolerance based on Gap-based Decay. The testing was conducted using field data consisting of 538 land blocks (up to 1,027,663 variables and 859,267 constraints) divided into 11 instances. Based on the numerical results obtained, the proposed method demonstrates the ability to improve efficiency and achieve a good balance between speed and solution quality, especially for small-to-medium sizes compared to other methods. Computational time decreased by 64% compared to the GBD and B&B methods, resulting in a tighter gap on a large scale (538 areas: GBD 0.22%; B&B 0.18%) with slightly higher time (≈6,922–6,935 seconds) and a greater number of nodes/iterations. These findings indicate that the adaptive tolerance mechanism is effective in accelerating convergence without sacrificing solution quality control.149 pagesDisertasi Dokto
The Impact of Drainage Development on the Socio-Economic Conditions of the Community (Case Study on Brigjend Katamso Street, Kampung Baru Subdistrict, Medan City)
No full textThis study aims to be an introduction to research the impact of drainage
development on increasing residents’ income on Brigjend Katamso Street,
Kampung Baru Subdistrict, with a case study at the Department of Water
Resources, Drainage, and Construction Development (SDABMBK) of Medan City
as the implementing agency. The main issue addressed is the poor drainage
condition prior to the project, which often caused flooding and waterlogging,
disrupting the economic activities of the local community. This research employs
a qualitative approach using a descriptive method. Data were collected through
in-depth interviews with residents and SDABMBK officials, field observations,
and documentation review.
The findings show that the drainage development conducted by
SDABMBK has had a positive impact on both the environment and the residents’
economic conditions. After the construction, the frequency of water stagnation
significantly decreased, the environment became cleaner, and access to the area
improved. These changes contributed to increased income for local residents,
particularly small business owners such as street vendors, food stall operators,
and transport service providers who were previously affected by flooding.
Furthermore, residents expressed greater comfort in carrying out their daily
activities without the concern of water related disruptions. This development
reflects a positive synergy between local government efforts and community needs
in creating a more productive and sustainable environment. Therefore, proper
planning and regular maintenance of drainage infrastructure are recommended
to ensure the continuity of these positive impacts.
This study concludes that the implementation of drainage development by
the Department of Water Resources, Highways, and Construction is an essential
factor in supporting the microeconomic stability of local residents, primarily
through minimizing flood risk. Based on these findings, recommendations are
needed for the relevant agencies to continuously strengthen the quality of
planning procedures and oversight mechanisms for every infrastructure project,
oriented towards increasing direct socio-economic impacts for the community.110 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Preliminary Design of A Hexamethylenediamine Plant from Adiponitrile and Hydrogen Using An Ethanol Solvent with the Addition of A Hexamethylenediamine Recycle Process Capacity 10,000 Tons/Year
No full textHexamethylenediamine (HMDA) is a monomer compound in the synthesis of nylon 6,6, produced through the hydrogenation process of adiponitrile with the aid of a Raney nickel catalyst. The primary objective of this plant design is to apply knowledge and chemical engineering discipline in industrial design by considering production, economic, and management aspects, as well as to provide an overview of the feasibility of establishing a hexamethylenediamine plant in Indonesia. This preliminary design is for a plant producing hexamethylenediamine from adiponitrile using a hydrogenation reaction with hydrogen, for a production capacity of 10,000 tons per year. The main process in this plant design consists of three stages: the preparation of raw materials and auxiliary materials, the reaction stage for the formation of hexamethylenediamine, and the product purification stage. This hexamethylenediamine plant from adiponitrile and hydrogen is planned to be established in the Krakatau Industrial Estate, Cilegon City, Banten, with a land area of 20,552 m². The workforce required for this plant is 150 people, with the business entity form of a Limited Liability Company (PT) led by a director under a line and staff organizational system. For the establishment and operation of the plant, an investment capital of IDR 732,788,073,442 and a production cost of IDR 650,348,812,816 are required. Based on the feasibility analysis, this plant has a BEP of 35,583%, an ROI of 21,138%, a POT of 4 years and 9 months, an RON of 35,230%, and an IRR of 21.512%. The results of the economic analysis conclude that the preliminary design for a hexamethylenediamine plant from adiponitrile and hydrogen using a Raney nickel catalyst is feasible to establish.627 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Study of L-Asparaginase Production from Local Actinomycetes Isolates in North Sumatra: Selection and Optimization
No full textActinomycetes are Gram-positive filamentous bacteria known for producing a wide range of bioactive compounds, including the enzyme L-asparaginase, which has potential applications in healthcare and industrial biotechnology. This study aims to identify potential actinomycetes from North Sumatra producing L-asparaginase and optimizing the fermentation conditions of actinomycetes that produce the enzyme. Actinomycetes were isolated from Olo Beach, and additional isolates were obtained from the collection of Microbiology Laboratory FMIPA USU originating from Cermin Beach and Lau Kawar Lake. L-asparaginase-producing actinomycetes were screened in M9 liquid medium supplemented with phenol red as a pH indicator, and the enzyme activity was quantitatively determined using the Nesslerization method. Actinomycetes with the highest enzyme activity were selected for the optimization of L-asparaginase production using the one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method, with variations in pH, carbon source, nitrogen source, and incubation time. A total of 12 actinomycete isolates were obtained from Olo Beach, all exhibiting characteristics typical of actinomycetes. Qualitative screening of 32 actinomycete isolates from North Sumatra revealed that 24 isolates were capable of producing L-asparaginase, as indicated by a color change in the medium from yellow to pink. Quantitative analysis of the 24 selected isolates showed L-asparaginase activity ranging from 22.913 to 40.688 U/mL, with the highest activity observed in isolate SPO 6. Molecular identification based on the 16S rRNA gene revealed that isolate SPO 6 shared 99.86% similarity with Streptomyces antibioticus. Optimization of fermentation conditions using the OFAT method demonstrated that maximum L-asparaginase production was achieved at pH 8 after 7 days of incubation. Media containing starch as a carbon source and yeast extract as a nitrogen source yielded the highest enzyme activity. These findings indicate that actinomycetes from Olo Beach, particularly S. antibioticus SPO 6, have the potential to serve as L-asparaginase producers for further applications.58 PagesTesis Magiste
Fabrication of a Household-Scale Hybrid Grain Dryer
No full textDrying was a very important and complex process for extending the shelf life of agricultural products, particularly grains. Generally, drying machines used heat generated from artificial heaters. Subsequently, a conceptual design of a hybrid-type grain dryer for small-scale home industry applications with a capacity of 9.6 kg of paddy was developed. However, the fabrication and parameter testing had not yet been conducted. The method used in this study was a development research method, which was a continuation of the design and graphical model simulation stages. The main components of the dryer included an angle iron frame, an absorber, a gas-fueled burner, a data panel system for temperature monitoring, and three fans for hot air distribution. The testing was carried out in three replications using 7.2 kg of paddy at a temperature of 50°C with a layer thickness of 1 cm. The results showed that the dryer was able to reduce the moisture content of paddy from an average of 21.51% to 12.55% within 5 hours. The effective capacity of the dryer reached 1.22 kg/hour, with a consistent moisture reduction pattern following a linear regression equation. The operational cost consisted of fixed costs of Rp Rp 6.467.640,4 per year and variable costs of Rp Rp 5.947,719 per hour, resulting in a total basic cost of Rp 9.119,901/kg. This hybrid dryer effectively overcame weather dependence, improved drying efficiency, and produced high-quality paddy that met post-harvest standards, with affordable operational costs suitable for household-scale industries.67 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Legal Protection for Marine Hull and Machinery Insurance Policyholders Against Breach of Contract by Insurance Companies ( A Study of Decision No.951/Pdt.G/2023/PN.JKT.BRT)
No full textAn insurance agreement is an agreement that creates a legal relationship between the insurer and the insured, whereby the insurer accepts the transfer of risk from the insured as a form of guarantee against potential losses. This form of risk transfer has developed into various types of coverage that are tailored to the characteristics of each insurance object, one of which is marine hull and machinery insurance, which provides protection against natural hazards at sea or other guaranteed factors. However, in practice, problems often arise in the form of unilateral rejection of insurance claims by insurance companies, which is detrimental to policyholders. One such problem occurred in Decision No. 951/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Jkt.Brt, where the insurance company rejected the insurance claim of the policyholder, which should have been covered by the insurance company. This study aims to determine: the factors causing default that harm marine hull and machinery insurance policyholders; the legal consequences of default by insurance companies that harm marine hull and machinery insurance policyholders; the legal considerations of the panel of judges regarding legal protection for marine hull and machinery insurance policyholders based on Decision No. 951/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Jkt.Brt.
The research method employed is normative juridical, using statutory and case approaches through literature study, referring to primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The data collection technique used in this research is library research, with data processed and analyzed qualitatively drawing deductive conclusions.
The results of the study show that the factors causing the rejection of marine hull and machinery insurance claims are due to several factors, such as the cause of damage not being covered by the policy, the claim submitted being one of the policy exclusions, the insured providing inaccurate information, and the ship being unseaworthy. The legal consequence of default by the insurance company is that the insured has the right to claim compensation for the insurer's failure to fulfill its obligations. Decision Number 951/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Jkt.Brt confirms that the rejection of claims by the insurer without a valid agreement constitutes a breach of contractual obligations, so that policyholders are entitled to legal protection based on the principle that every insurance agreement must be executed in good faith.139 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Effect of Mangosteen Peel Extract (Garcinia Mangostana L) on Inflammatory Markers, Erythropoietin, and Renal Histopathological Picture Wistar Rats Chronic Kidney Disease Model
No full textChronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global health problem whose prevalence continues to increase, with a global prevalence of 10%. Most CKD patients exhibit a chronic inflammatory state with elevated levels of inflammatory markers, such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6), as well as increased prevalence associated with decreased kidney function. Serum hepsidin was significantly higher in haemodialysis (HD) patients compared to controls. In HD patients, inflammation has been associated with Erythropoietin (EPO) resistance mainly due to inflammatory conditions. Plasma markers of oxidative stress were elevated in CKD patients, indicating an increase in systemic oxidative stress through Malondialdehyde (MDA) examination. The peel of mangosteen fruit (Garcinia mangostana L) has been used to treat various diseases such as skin diseases, bacterial infections, and inflammation, as well as to reduce IL-6 levels and lower MDA. This study aims to analyze the effect of giving mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana L) on inflammatory markers (levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Hepcidin, MDA) and Erythropoietin, as well as the histopathological picture of kidney disease in Wistar rats modeled chronic kidney disease.
Methods: Male rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 12 weeks were divided into 6 groups: normal, negative control (Adenine 600 mg/kgBB 10 days p.o), positive control (Adenine 600 mg/kgBB 10 days p.o + vit. C 45 mg/kgBB 1 time a day, 28 days.p.o), P1 treatment group (Mangosteen Peel Extract (MPE) 200 mg/kgBB, 28 days, p.o), P2 (MPE 400 mg/kgBB, 28 days, p.o), and P3 (MPE 600 mg/kgBB, 28 days, p.o). The design used is the Posttest Only Control Group Design
Results: There was no effect of mangosteen peel extract on IL-6, Hepcidin, EPO, and MDA levels, as well as inflammatory scores from the histopathology of the kidneys of Wistar rats (p > 0.05). There was a significant influence on the progression of kidney function, in the form of a decrease in Urea levels between Negative Control and the P1 and P2 Groups (39.6±2.93 vs 29 ± 1.14 vs 28.2 ± 1.07, p=0.012, respectively) and Creatinine levels between Negative Control and P1, P2 and P3 Groups (0.83 ± 0.14 vs 0.46 ±0.4, vs 0.45 ± 0.05, vs 0.5 ± 0.09, p=0.047, respectively).
Conclusion: No effect of mangosteen peel extract on inflammatory markers, erythropoietin, and renal histopathology of Wistar rats, Chronic Kidney Disease model127pagesDisertasi Dokto
Multiple Liniear Regression-Based Dashboard Design To Analyze The Relationship Between Nutritional Status, Attendance, And Learning Achievement Of Elementary School Students Recipienting The Nutritional Meal Program (MBG)
No full textThis program was developed to address nutritional issues, particularly
among elementary school children. The Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) aims to
improve the nutritional quality of elementary school students, thereby supporting
their attendance in learning and academic achievement. Good nutritional status
and optimal attendance are considered to be linked to students' ability to
participate in the learning process.
This study aims to determine the effect of nutritional status and attendance
levels on the academic achievement of elementary school students receiving the
Nutritious Meal Program (MBG). This study used a quantitative approach with
multiple linear regression methods. The research data consisted of student
nutritional status, attendance levels, and academic achievement scores. Analysis
was conducted to examine the effect of the independent variables partially and
simultaneously on the dependent variable.
The results of the study, based on simulated data, indicate the existence of
a relationship between nutritional status and attendance level with the learning
achievement of elementary school students who receive the Nutritious Meal
Program (MBG). These findings provide an overview that nutritional factors and
attendance play a role in supporting the achievement of learning outcomes.
Therefore, the results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for schools
and policymakers in evaluating and optimizing the implementation of the
Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) in elementary schools.38 PagesKertas Karya Diplom