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Coping Strategies of Wives Who Play Double Roles in Dealing with Domestic Violence Committed by Their Husbands in Batang Serangan District, Langkat Regency
No full textThis study aims to analyze the forms of domestic violence experienced by women with dual roles and the coping strategies used in response to violence. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method involving five key informants in Batang Serangan Subdistrict, Langkat Regency. The results show that informants experience physical, psychological, and economic violence that occurs in the context of a patriarchal culture, unequal power relations, and social stigma that influence how victims interpret and respond to violence. The coping strategies used are dynamic, starting from emotion-focused coping such as avoidance and bottling up emotions, to developing into problem-focused coping such as working, seeking support, and considering reporting. Dual roles, limited time and energy, access to information, and immediate social support were factors that influenced the victims' ability to cope. These findings emphasize the need to strengthen legal education, economic support, and optimize victim assistance services to encourage the breaking of the cycle of violence.223 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Inventory of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Larval Parasitoids on Cabbage Plants with and without Pesticide Application in Purba Tengah Village, Purba District, Simalungun Regency
No full textPlutella xylostella is the major pest of cabbage crop that can cause severe damage leading to significant yield losses. Although the main control method used by farmers is the application of chemical pesticides, this practice has the potential to reduce the population of natural enemies, including larval parasitoids that play an essential role in biological control. The objective of this study was to determine the presence, types, and parasitization rates of parasitoids associated with P. xylostella larvae in cabbage crops with and without pesticide application. The study was conducted in Purba Tengah Village, Purba District, Simalungun Regency from August to September 2025 using a survey method and pursposive sampling technique on two sampe plots, each measuring 100 m2 . Two parasitoid species were identified: Diadegma semiclausum and Cotesia vestalis. The parasitism rate 29.57% was recorded in the non-pesticide plot, while the rate in the pesticide-treated plot was 15.56%. The diversity index in both sample plots was relatively lov and dominated by D. semiclausum.75 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Indonesian Short Message Spam Detection System Using IndoBERT and Multi-Graph Convolutional Network
No full textShort Message Service (SMS) in Indonesia remains a primary medium for disseminating
unwanted spam content, ranging from aggressive commercial advertisements to
harmful financial fraud attempts that pose significant risks to users. The core challenge
in SMS spam detection lies in the dynamic linguistic complexity of the Indonesian
language, which frequently incorporates slang, inconsistent abbreviations, and code-
switching patterns that hinder traditional keyword-based filtering techniques. While
transformer-based language models such as IndoBERT have demonstrated exceptional
performance in semantic context understanding, they often struggle with structural text
obfuscation designed to bypass automated security systems. This research proposes an
innovative hybrid architecture that integrates the rich semantic representations of
IndoBERT with the structural analysis capabilities of a Multi-Graph Convolutional
Network (GCN). Through this approach, relational patterns between words are modeled
as graph representations to augment the contextual depth of the base model. This study
utilizes a curated dataset of Indonesian SMS messages to train and evaluate the
performance of the proposed hybrid model. Experimental results demonstrate
outstanding performance, with the model achieving a peak accuracy of 99.93% and an
F1-Score of 1.00. Ablation studies further confirm that incorporating graph-based
features significantly enhances detection precision and effectively minimizes false
positive rates compared to using the standalone language model. The findings of this
research provide significant theoretical contributions to the field of Natural Language
Processing and are practically implemented as a real-time detection prototype to
validate its robustness and feasibility in addressing spam threats within real-world
communication scenarios.100 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Role of Parent's Parenting on Smartphone Addiction in Early Childhood Case Study: A Family That Has Early Childhood in Sei Semayang Village
No full textThis study aims to determine the role of parenting styles on smartphone addiction levels in early childhood in Sei Semayang Village. The increasing use of smartphones among children is a significant concern because it has the potential to impact social, emotional, and cognitive development. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation of several families with children aged four to six years. The results indicate that parenting styles significantly influence children's smartphone use behavior. Permissive parenting styles tend to lead to excessive screen time, increasing the risk of addiction, characterized by anxiety when not holding the smartphone, decreased interest in direct play, and impaired concentration. Conversely, authoritative parenting styles with consistent supervision, screen time restrictions, and the provision of alternative, engaging play activities can reduce the tendency for smartphone addiction. Environmental factors, parental education levels, and parental smartphone habits also influence the parenting styles implemented. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of parents' roles in managing smartphone use in early childhood. Interventions in the form of parenting education and increased digital parenting awareness are needed to prevent the negative impacts of digital device use on child development.177 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Implementation of an Iot-Based Smart Security System Using Esp32-Cam, Pir, And Esp32 With Dual Mode, Powered By Solar Energy
No full textThe use of conventional CCTV systems is considered inefficient for security applications due to manual monitoring requirements, the need for additional guards, the absence of real-time alerts, and strong dependence on grid electricity. These limitations highlight the need for a more capable and efficient visual-based security system. This study designs and implements an intelligent security device integrating an ESP32 microcontroller, an ESP32-CAM, a PIR sensor, and a servo mechanism powered by a 100 Wp Surya panel. System performance was quantitatively evaluated using detection accuracy, latency, and power consumption parameters. Experimental results demonstrate excellent performance, achieving 100% detection accuracy across 10 test cycles in both manual and automatic modes, with consistent system latency between 2.3–2.5 seconds and stable video streaming at 14–15 fps. The dual-mode operation eliminates synchronization conflicts and priority issues reported in previous studies, while maintaining zero streaming disruptions and 100% servo motor positioning precision with an angular error of ±1°. Power consumption was optimized to 1.9 W, supported by a Surya-battery system providing 403.56 Wh of backup energy, enabling continuous 24-hour security operation even under suboptimal lighting conditions. This prototype validates its practical applicability for remote industrial security monitoring in off-grid locations, offering a sustainable and cost-effective solution for agricultural, construction, and residential environments.108 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Application of Law in the Settlement of Cases through Restorative Justice Against Criminal Offenses of Traffic Accidents Resulting in Death ( A Case Study at the Binjai District Prosecutor’s Office)
No full textThis research examines the urgency of regulating restorative justice within the Indonesian criminal justice system and its implementation in resolving traffic accident cases resulting in death at the Binjai District Attorney’s Office. Traffic accidents constitute a growing problem that contributes to the heavy caseload of the Indonesian Criminal Justice System, while resolutions based on the retributive paradigm are considered unable to fully deliver justice for either victims or perpetrators. This study aims to analyze the urgency of regulating restorative justice as an integral part of the Indonesian Criminal Justice System, to examine the implementation of restorative justice by the Binjai District Attorney’s Office in handling fatal traffic accident cases in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and to identify obstacles and challenges in its implementation. The research method employed is normative legal research strengthened by empirical data, using a statutory approach and field studies through interviews and data analysis at the Binjai District Attorney’s Office. The results of the study indicate that restorative justice is an urgent necessity to realize a more humane, effective, and recovery-oriented form of justice. The application of restorative justice based on Prosecutor’s Regulation Number 15 of 2020 may be carried out in traffic accident cases resulting in death, as exemplified by the Suherlambang case in 2024, provided that legal requirements are fulfilled and there is a peace agreement between the perpetrator and the victim. However, its implementation still faces obstacles in the form of limited sectoral regulations, differing interpretations, as well as social and institutional constraints. Therefore, strengthening regulations and enhancing inter-agency synergy are required to ensure the consistent implementation of restorative justice within the Indonesian Criminal Justice System.136 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of the Concept of Blue Economy in Maritime Affairs in Indonesia From the Perspective of International Maritime Law
No full textIndonesia comprises more than 17,000 islands and has a maritime area of approximately 5.8 million km2, providing substantial potential in fisheries, tourism, and maritime industries. However, unsustainable exploitation has resulted in ecosystem degradation and conflicts of interest. The blue economy concept emerges as a marine-based development approach emphasizing sustainability, efficiency, and inclusivity, although its implementation in Indonesia still faces significant challenges. This thesis is entitled “An Analysis of the Blue Economy Concept in Indonesia’s Marine Sector from the Perspective of International Law of the Sea.” This study addresses three main issues: the regulation of the Blue Economy concept under international law of the sea; the regulation of the blue economy in relation to the sustainability of marine ecosystems and the maritime economy in Indonesia; and the implementation of the blue economy concept in supporting sustainable development of marine ecosystems and the maritime economy.
The method employed in this thesis is normative juridical research, which refers to the study of legal norms conducted through library research in order to obtain secondary data in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials relevant to the issues under examination. This research is descriptive in nature.
The Blue Economy concept is implicitly regulated under international and national legal frameworks that emphasize the sustainable management of marine resources, including UNCLOS 1982, the Convention on Biological Diversity 1992, the UNFCCC 1994, and MARPOL 1973, which have been adopted and implemented by Indonesia through various national laws and maritime policies. These regulations reflect Indonesia’s commitment to balancing economic, social, and environmental interests in marine resource management. The implementation of the Blue Economy has generated positive impacts, both ecologically through biodiversity conservation, pollution control, and coastal ecosystem rehabilitation and economically, by enhancing fisheries productivity, strengthening maritime industries, and promoting the diversification of the marine-based economy.134Skripsi Sarjan
The Effect of Adding Ethyl Glycol and Glycerol on the DNA Quality of Batak Fish Sperm (Tor soro) Post-Cryopreservation
No full textBatak fish (Tor soro) is an endemic fish of Danau Toba whose population continues
to decline due to overexploitation, habitat destruction, and introduced predators.
Conservation efforts can be carried out with sperm cryopreservation technology to
provide quality sperm throughout the year. This study aims to analyze the type of
appropriate cryoprotectant solution, and determine the best concentration, as well
as evaluate the effect of Ethyl Glycol and glycerol on the quality of Batak fish sperm
DNA. The study used two types of cryoprotectants (ethyl glycol and Glycerol) with
7 different concentrations (0%; 2.5%; 5%; 7.5%; 10%; 12.5%; and 15%). The
parameters observed included motility, viability, and DNA integrity, with ANOVA
analysis and Duncan's test. The results showed that the type of solution,
concentration, and their interaction had a significant effect (P <0.05) on the motility
and viability of Batak fish sperm. Glycerol concentration of 7.5% produced the
highest value with 28.67% motility and 63.00% viability, while Ethyl Glycol was
best at 0% concentration with 23.33% motility and 59% viability. DNA
electrophoresis results showed clear and intact DNA bands without fragmentation,
indicating that these two cryoprotectants did not damage genetic integrity. Thus,
Glycerol 7.5% is the most effective concentration for cryopreservation of junung
fish sperm. Meanwhile, 0% ethyl glycol also gave good results without damaging
DNA.98 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Effect of Workload and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV Regional I
No full textEmployee performance is an important element in achieving company goals, so it is necessary to understand the factors that influence it, particularly workload and job satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the effect of workload and job satisfaction on employee performance at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV Regional I, as well as to test the role of job satisfaction as an intervening variable. This study uses a quantitative approach with a questionnaire instrument distributed to employees. Data analysis was performed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS).The path analysis results show that job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance with a total effect coefficient of 0.935. Meanwhile, workload does not have a significant direct effect on performance, but it has a significant effect on job satisfaction with a total effect value of 0.492. The indirect effect test shows that workload has a significant effect on performance through job satisfaction with a value of 0.460. These findings confirm that job satisfaction acts as an intervening variable that fully mediates the relationship between workload and performance. Thus, workload cannot directly improve performance, but rather has an effect when it first improves employee job satisfaction.99 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of Protein and Amylose Content in Crossbred Soybean Lines (Glycine max L.)
No full textThis study aimed to analyze the protein and amylose content of eight F6 soybean (Glycine max L.) lines resulting from crosses of the first six (F6) generation. The study was conducted in the Plant Biotechnology Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, at an altitude of approximately 25 meters above sea level in July. A non-factorial completely randomized design (RBD) was used, using F6 soybean lines derived from crosses of three parents and a mutation line. The Bradford method was used for protein analysis, while amylose was analyzed spectrophotometrically. The results showed that the DEVON 2 line had the highest protein content (42.86%), and DERAP 1 the lowest (15.49%). The highest amylose content was found in DEGA 1 (23.83%), and the lowest in ANJ 2 (12.66%). The differences between the lines indicate significant genetic diversity. The DEVON 2 and DEGA 1 lines have the potential to be developed to meet the needs of the food industry.36 PagesSkripsi Sarjan