CLOVER Collected Literature in Organized and Valuable Repository
Not a member yet
8005 research outputs found
Sort by
Effects of starter culture and salt concentration on physicochemical and sensory properties of <i>Shottsuru</i> prepared with commercial enzyme
Get PDFjournal articleFrozen sailfin sandfish was thawed and whole fish were mixed with 20 %, 25 % and 28 % (w/w) of salt content and with 0.5 % commercial enzyme (CE). Six kinds of fish sauce mashes (moromis) were prepared with and without the non-histamine (Hm)-producing lactic acid bacterium Tetragenococcus halophilus 14-1 as a starter culture (SC) and ripened at 30 °C for 6 months. Physicochemical and sensory properties of the final products obtained after filtration of the heat-treated moromi were investigated. In addition, taste sensor (TS) analyses of the final products were performed. The pH and total nitrogen levels were higher in the shottsuru sample (SC20) with a 20 % salt content and with SC inoculation than in the other samples. Results of the TS analysis showed that umami increased at lower salt concentrations in samples ripened with SC. In sensory evaluations, the taste was significantly improved in the SC20 sample. There was no difference in Hm levels among samples with and without SC. From the above results, it was suggested that the combined use of SC and CE is effective for producing low-salt shottsuru with a pleasant taste.journal articl
Application of the Biolog EcoPlate^<TM> technique for assessing the microbial metabolic diversity in moss profiles of continental Antarctica
No full textjournal articlejournal articl
Study of trace elements in stranded green turtles (Chelonia mydas), hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata), and olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) in Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea
Get PDFjournal articleThe purpose of this study was to survey and compare the amounts of elements in the serum of stranded sea turtles from the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea. The sea turtles from the Gulf of Thailand had Ca, Mg, P, S, Se, and Si concentrations significantly higher than those in sea turtles from the Andaman Sea. The Ni and Pb concentrations of sea turtles from the Gulf of Thailand was higher, but not significantly so, than in sea turtles from the Andaman Sea. Rb was detected only in sea turtles from the Gulf of Thailand. This may have been related to the industrial activities in Eastern Thailand. The concentration of Br in the sea turtles from the Andaman Sea were significantly higher than those in sea turtles from the Gulf of Thailand. The higher serum concentration of Cu in hawksbill (H) and olive ridley turtles (O) than in green turtles may be due to hemocyanin, as an important component in the blood of crustaceans. The higher Fe concentration in the serum from green turtles than for H and O may be due to chlorophyll, which is an important component of chloroplasts in eel grass. Co was not found in the serum of green turtles but was found in the serum of H and O. The monitoring of important elements in sea turtles may be used as a tool to assess the levels of pollution in marine ecosystems.journal articl
Examination of Manual Reduction for Uterine Torsion in a Dairy Cow Using the Push-Holding Method
Get PDFjournal article子宮広間膜により腹壁背部から吊り下げられている牛の子宮には，捻転が生じても正常な位置へ戻る力が働いている．押し込み保持法は，その元に戻る力を引き出すように，子宮を押し込み続けて子宮捻転を整復するという新しい概念に基づく用手整復方法である．本法では，① 回転ではなく押し込む力を加えること ② 押し込み続けること ③ 胎子ではなく子宮に力を加えることの3点が重要となる．本法の適応は，分娩時に発症し産道に手を挿入可能な症例であり，整復開始時に胎子を産道から触知できない症例も含まれた．未破水の症例では人工破水を行う必要はなかった．6年間で子宮捻転の35例に本法を適応し，27例の整復に成功し胎子生存率は70％であった．本法は，従来法と比べ，短時間で省力的に整復でき，適応症例の範囲も広く，子宮捻転の用手整復率向上に寄与すると考えられる．The bovine uterus, which is suspended from the back of the abdominal wall by the broad ligament, exerts a force to return to its normal position even if torsion occurs. The push-and-hold method is a manual reduction method based on a new concept of reducing the torsion of the uterus by continuously pushing the uterus so as to draw out the force that causes it to return to its original state. In this method, (1) force is applied instead of rotation, (2) force is continuously pushed, and (3) force is applied to the uterus, not the fetus. This method is indicated for cases with onset during delivery in which the hand can be inserted into the birth canal, and cases in which the fetus cannot be palpated from the birth canal at the start of reduction. There was no need for artificial rupture of the membranes in patients with unruptured membranes. Over a period of 6 years, this method was applied to 35 cases of uterine torsion, and reduction was successful in 27 cases, with a fetal survival rate of 70%. Compared to conventional methods, this method can be reduced in a shorter time and with less labor, has a wider range of indications, and is thought to contribute to improving the rate of manual reduction of uterine torsion.journal articl
The sedative effect of intranasal administration of medetomidine using a mucosal atomization device in Japanese White rabbits
Get PDFjournal articleTo prevent aspiration in Japanese White (JW) rabbits, the maximum single volume of medetomidine administered intranasally is 0.3 mL per nostril using a mucosal atomization device (MAD). This study aimed to examine the sedative effect of intranasal administration of medetomidine using MAD in eight healthy female JW rabbits. Each rabbit received intranasal atomization (INA) of saline (Control treatment) along with three doses of 1 mg/mL medetomidine (0.3 mL to one nostril [MED0.3 treatment]; 0.3 mL each to both nostrils [MED0.6 treatment]; 0.3 mL twice to both nostrils [MED1.2 treatment]), with a washout period of at least 7 days between treatments. The actual doses of medetomidine were 82 (75–84) μg/kg (median [25th–75th percentile]), 163 (156–168) μg/kg, and 323 (295–343) μg/kg for the MED0.3, MED0.6, and MED1.2 treatments, respectively. A medetomidine-dose dependent sedative effect was detected, and the loss of righting reflex (LRR) was achieved in one rabbit at 18 min, seven rabbits at 11 (9–18) min, and eight rabbits at 7 (4–18) min after the MED0.3, MED0.6, and MED1.2 treatments, respectively. The LRR was maintained for 63 (29–71) min and 83 (68–101) min after the MED0.6 and MED1.2 treatments, respectively. Additionally, the INA of medetomidine produced a significant dose-dependent cardiorespiratory depression including a decrease in pulse rate, respiratory rate, percutaneous oxygen saturation, and arterial partial pressure of oxygen, and an increase in arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the rabbits.journal articl
PCR-Based Gene Synthesis with Overlapping Unisense-Oligomers Asymmetric Extension Supported by a Simulator for Oligonucleotide Extension Achieved 1 kbp dsDNA
Get PDFjournal articleWe formulated a method to synthesize 1 kbp DNA fragments using ‘oligomer unidirectional joining method’ via asymmetric extension supported by a simulator for oligonucleotide extension (AESOE). In this study, trials were conducted on 41 sets of different genomic pieces of ten flaviviral genomes, and 31 bacterial 16s rRNA fragments with sizes ranging from 500 bases to 1.0 kbp. Synthetic gene production was found to be successful in all those sets. The synthesis method has three steps: the first step is a seven-linked AESOE, the second step is the linking of the 400-base fragments from the first step, and the third step is the final amplification. Our present approach is highly reproducible and may no longer require optimization of oligomer design.journal articl
Application of single-step single nucleotide polymorphism best linear unbiased predictor model with unknown-parent groups for type traits in Japanese Holsteins
Get PDFjournal articleThe objectives of this study were to investigate the computational performance and the predictive ability and bias of a single-step SNP BLUP model (ssSNPBLUP) in genotyped young animals with unknown-parent groups (UPG) for type traits, using national genetic evaluation data from the Japanese Holstein population. The phenotype, genotype, and pedigree data were the same as those used in a national genetic evaluation of linear type traits classified between April 1984 and December 2020. In the current study, 2 data sets were prepared: the full data set containing all entries up to December 2020 and a truncated data set ending with December 2016. Genotyped animals were classified into 3 types: sires with classified daughters (S), cows with records (C), and young animals (Y). The computing performance and prediction accuracy of ssSNPBLUP were compared for the following 3 groups of genotyped animals: sires with classified daughters and young animals (SY); cows with records and young animals (CY); and sires with classified daughters, cows with records, and young animals (SCY). In addition, we tested 3 parameters of residual polygenic variance in ssSNPBLUP (0.1, 0.2, or 0.3). Daughter yield deviations (DYD) for the validation bulls and phenotypes adjusted for all fixed effects and random effects other than animal and residual (Yadj) for the validation cows were obtained using the full data set from the pedigree-based BLUP model. The regression coefficients of DYD for bulls (or Yadj for cows) on the genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV) using the truncated data set were used to measure the inflation of the predictions of young animals. The coefficient of determination of DYD on GEBV was used to measure the predictive ability of the predictions for the validation bulls. The reliability of the predictions for the validation cows was calculated as the square of the correlation between Yadj and GEBV divided by heritability. The predictive ability was highest in the SCY group and lowest in the CY group. However, minimal difference was found in predictive abilities with or without UPG models using different parameters of residual polygenic variance. The regression coefficients approached 1.0 as the parameter of residual polygenic variance increased, but regression coefficients were mostly similar regardless of the use of UPG across the groups of genotyped animals. The ssSNPBLUP model, including UPG, was demonstrated as feasible for implementation in the national evaluation of type traits in Japanese Holsteins.journal articl
Role of sugar and sugar alcohols in the wet-curing process of unheated meat products in Japan
Get PDFjournal articleグルコース，ソルビトールは塩漬剤として日本の非加熱食肉製品製造に使用される．しかし，これらを製品製造時に添加する理由は明確ではない．本研究は，これらの糖類を用いて作られた非加熱食肉製品について製造途中での組織化学的観察ならびに熱分析などを行い，その添加効果についての理解を深め，最終製品の品質の管理に利用することを目的に実施した．15％（w/w）食塩を使用し，15％（w/w）グルコース，あるいはソルビトール，または糖類などを使用せず，0.12％（w/w）乳酸，0.1％（w/w）アスコルビン酸ナトリウム，0.07％（w/w）亜硝酸ナトリウムをそれぞれ使用した3種類の調味液による湿塩漬法にて，1週間の塩漬を行った．すべての試験区で経時的に筋線維の膨潤が見られ，筋線維の真円度も増加した．熱分析測定の結果は，糖類を添加することで低温での塩の析出を抑制し，より効率良く塩漬工程を経ることならびに凍結製品の解凍後の品質維持にも寄与している可能性が示された．In Japan, glucose or sorbitol are used as curing compounds in the production of unheated meat products (Lachs Ham). However, the reason for their usage is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of adding these sugars and use this information to control the quality of the final product. The wet brine method was performed for 1 week (168 hours) using three different brine solutions. All brines contained 15% (w/w) salt, 0.12% (w/w) lactic acid, 0.1% (w/w) sodium ascorbate, and 0.07% (w/w) sodium nitrite; this was used as the base for three brine solutions: one with 15% (w/w) glucose added, one with 15% (w/w) sorbitol and one with no added sugars. The muscle fibers of the cured meat in all samples swelled over time and their roundness increased. Particularly, glucose and sorbitol caused significant swelling. The thermal analysis using a differential scanning calorimeter revealed different behaviors with the addition of glucose or sorbitol and no sugars. The addition of glucose or sorbitol suppressed salt precipitation at low temperatures and contributed to more efficient curing and maintenance of the quality of frozen products after thawing.journal articl
Effects of different fermentation starter cultures on the quality of fish sauce prepared from deep-sea smelt
Get PDFjournal articleThis study investigated deep-sea smelt fish sauces made with three types of starter cultures to produce a high-quality product that contains low histamine levels. The starter cultures included lactic acid bacterium Tetragenococcus halophilus for soy sauce and T. halophilus strains 8-25 and 14-1 that do not receive the histidine decarboxylase gene, isolated from fermented marine foods. The addition of these bacteria reduced the pH of the fish sauce mashes (moromis) to below 5.0 in the first 21 d. This pH level was maintained until the end of fermentation. Throughout fermentation, histamine-producing bacterial counts and histamine levels in the moromis were below 9.3 × 10 most probable number (MPN)/g and 113 mg/L, respectively. A principal component analysis of the final products revealed that taste, which was obtained using a taste sensor, and quality indicators (physicochemical and extractive components) differed among the three products.journal articl