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Ai Generated Speech Detection Using Cnn
No full textAnkura; IEEE Computer Society; IEEE Dataport; U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF); Virginia TechThe recent rapid developments in generative-AI research has made it exceedingly hard to distinguish artificially generated audio-visual content from real ones. As a result, reliably detecting synthetic content has become an important problem to solve. In this study, multiple CNN, FC and SVM models are trained to detect synthetic audio signals obtained by using generative-AI models. The test results show that the best accuracy scores for the CNN, FC and SVM models are 99.06, 99.15 and 98.68%, respectively. These results point out that the synthetic audio signals can be discriminated from the real ones by the trained models. Therefore, the proposed solution can be used in real-life practical applications to tackle this problem. Our analyses show that CNN models are the most suitable compared to other techniques, as FC and SVM models can also detect synthetic audios but have different inherent disadvantages. © 2024 IEEE
Investigation of Intermetallic Phase Fractions and Dry-Corrosive Wear Properties in Mg–al–si Ternary Alloy
No full textThis study produced a non-standard alloy of 85% Mg, 13.5% Al, and 1.5% Si by weight. In-depth microstructural, chemical, and morphological analyses of the secondary β phases formed in the MgAlSi alloy were conducted. The formation processes of the intermetallic phases were also examined. Image processing was applied to the obtained microstructures using the Image-J program. The average alloy had a matrix α phase to secondary β phase ratio of approximately 60/40. Furthermore, a dry and corrosive wear test were applied to the MgAlSi alloy by means of reciprocating motion. The wear rate was calculated to be at least 0.00137 mm3/Nm, indicating that the unique MgAlSi ternary alloy produced had very high wear resistance due to the presence of intermetallic phases. © 2023, American Foundry Society.Hitit University Physics Department; Karabük University Materials-Research-Development-Center; Scientific Research Projects Department of karabuk University, (KBÜBAP-22-DS-028
Otonom Sürüş Teknolojilerinin Benimsenmesinde Tüketici Tutumları ve Stratejik Pazarlama
No full textBu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'deki tüketicilerin otonom sürüş teknolojilerine yönelik tutumlarını, algılarını ve bu teknolojilere olan güven düzeylerini derinlemesine anlamaktır. Bu tez, otonom sürüş teknolojilerinin Türkiye'deki tüketici kabulünü artırmak için gerekli stratejik yaklaşımlar ve düzenlemeler hakkında öneriler de sunmaktadır. Araştırmanın ilk aşamasında, katılımcılara bir anket uygulanarak yaklaşık 200 kişiden veri toplanmıştır. İkinci aşamada ise, katılımcıların teknolojiye tutumları temel alınarak belirli özelliklere göre seçilen 20 kişiyle yarı yapılandırılmış mülakatlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen nitel veriler, Tematik Analiz yöntemi kullanılarak incelenerek katılımcıların teknolojiye dair tutumları, otonom sürüş teknolojilerine dair farkındalıkları, güven algıları ile bu teknolojilerin günlük yaşamdaki kullanım potansiyelleri değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, katılımcıların genel olarak otonom sürüş teknolojilerini faydalı bulduklarını, ancak kontrol kaybı, güvenlik endişeleri ve altyapı eksiklikleri gibi faktörlerin güvenlerini olumsuz etkilediğini göstermektedir. Katılımcılar arasında, arkadaşlarından duydukları, haberlerden ve videolardan edindikleri bilgilerle veya doğrudan deneyimleyerek otonom sürüş teknolojilerine daha olumlu yaklaşanlar olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.The aim of this study is to gain an in-depth understanding of consumers' attitudes, perceptions, and trust levels towards autonomous driving technologies in Turkey. This thesis also provides recommendations for strategic approaches and regulations necessary to increase consumer acceptance of autonomous driving technologies in Turkey. In the first phase of the research, a survey was conducted with approximately 200 participants to collect data. In the second phase, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 20 individuals selected based on specific characteristics related to their attitudes towards technology. The qualitative data obtained were analyzed using Thematic Analysis to evaluate participants' attitudes towards technology, their awareness of autonomous driving technologies, their trust perceptions, and the potential for these technologies to be integrated into daily life. The findings indicate that participants generally find autonomous driving technologies beneficial, but factors such as loss of control, safety concerns, and infrastructure deficiencies negatively affect their trust. It was observed that among the participants, those who approached autonomous driving technologies more positively did so after hearing from friends, obtaining information through news and videos, or directly experiencing the technology
Search for Charged-Lepton Violating Μτi>qt/I> Interactions in Top-Quark Production and Decay in i>pp/I> Collisions at √i>s/I>=13 Tev With the Atlas Detector at the Lhc
No full textSala, Alessandro/0000-0003-0824-7326; Rompotis, Nikolaos/0000-0003-2577-1875A search for charged-lepton-flavor violating mu tau qt (q = u, c) interactions is presented, considering both top-quark production and decay. The data analyzed correspond to 140 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of root s = 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis targets events containing two muons with the same electric charge, a hadronically decaying tau-lepton and at least one jet, with exactly one b-tagged jet, produced by a mu tau qt interaction. Agreement with the Standard Model expectation within 1.6 standard deviations is observed, and limits are set at the 95% confidence level (CL) on the charged-lepton-flavor violation branching ratio of B(t -> mu tau q) 8.7 x 10(-7). An effective field theory interpretation is performed yielding 95% CL limits on Wilson coefficients, dependent on the flavor of the associated light quark and the Lorentz structure of the coupling. These range from vertical bar c(lequ)(3(2313))vertical bar/Lambda(2) 0.10 TeV-2 for mu tau ut to vertical bar c(lequ)(1(2323))vertical bar/Lambda(2) 1.8 TeV-2 for mu tau ct. An additional interpretation is performed for scalar leptoquark production inducing charged-lepton-flavor violation, with fixed intergenerational couplings. Upper limits on leptoquark coupling strengths are set at the 95% CL, ranging from lambda(LQ) = 1.3 to lambda(LQ) = 3.7 for leptoquark masses between 0.5 and 2.0 TeV.We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC and its injectors, as well as the support staff at CERN and at our institutions worldwide without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN, the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF/SFU (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), RAL (UK), and BNL (USA), the Tier-2 facilities worldwide, and large non-WLCG resource providers. Major contributors of computing resources are listed in Ref. [145]. We gratefully acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC, and CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, MOST, and NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS and CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MEiN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF, and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taipei; TENMAK, Turkiye; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, USA. Individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, CRC, and DRAC, Canada; PRIMUS 21/SCI/017 and UNCE SCI/013, Czech Republic; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020, ICSC-NextGenerationEU, and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, Investissements d'Avenir Idex, and ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales, and Aristeia programs co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and MINERVA, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEO, and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Goran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom. In addition, individual members wish to acknowledge support from CERN: European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN PJAS); Chile: Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (Grants No. FONDECYT 1190886, No. FONDECYT 1210400, and No. FONDECYT 1230987); China: National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. NSFC-12175119 and No. NSFC 12275265); European Union: European Research Council (Grants No. ERC-948254 and No. ERC 101089007), Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (Grant No. MUCCA-CHIST-ERA-19-XAI-00), Italian Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing (ICSC, NextGenerationEU); France: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (Grants No. ANR20-CE31-0013 and No. ANR-21-CE31-0022), Investissements d'Avenir Labex (Grant No. ANR-11LABX-0012); Germany: Baden-Wurttemberg Stiftung (BW Stiftung-Postdoc Eliteprogramme), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Grants No. DFG-469666862 and No. DFG-CR 312/5-2); Italy: Istituto Nazionale di FisicaNucleare (ICSC, NextGenerationEU); Japan: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grants No. JSPS KAKENHI 22H01227, No. JSPS KAKENHI 22KK0227, No. JSPS KAKENHI JP21H05085, and No. JSPS KAKENHI JP22H04944); Netherlands: Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO Veni 2020-VI.Veni. 202. 179); Norway: Research Council of Norway (Grant No. RCN-314472); Poland: Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange (Grant No. PPN/PPO/2020/1/00002/U/00001), Polish National Science Centre (Grants No. NCN 2021/42/E/ST2/00350, No. NCN OPUS nr 2022/47/B/ST2/03059, No. NCN UMO-2019/34/E/ST2/00393, No. UMO-2020/37/B/ST2/01043, and No. UMO-2022/47/O/ST2/00148); Slovenia: Slovenian Research Agency (ARIS Grant No. J1-3010); Spain: BBVA Foundation (Grant No. LEO22-1-603), Generalitat Valenciana (Artemisa, FEDER, IDIFEDER/2018/048), Ministry of Science and Innovation (Grants No. RYC2019-028510-I and No. RYC2020-030254-I), PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana (Grants No. CIDEGENT/2019/023 and No. CIDEGENT/2019/027); Sweden: Swedish Research Council (Grant No. VR 2022-03845), Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (Grant No. KAW 2022.0358); Switzerland: Swiss National Science Foundation (Grant No. SNSF-PCEFP2_ 194658); United Kingdom: Leverhulme Trust (Leverhulme Trust Grant No. RPG-2020-004); USA: Neubauer Family Foundation.ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW, Austria; FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerba.an; CNPq, Brazil; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, Canada; NRC, Canada; CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, China; MOST, China; NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, Denmark; DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, France; CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, Germany; HGF, Germany; MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC, China; Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, Israel; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARIS, Slovenia; MVZI, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICIU/AEI, Spain; SRC , Sweden; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, Switzerland; SNSF, Switzerland; Canton of Bern, Switzerland; Canton of Geneva, Switzerland; NSTC, Taipei; TENMAK, Turkiye; STFC/UKRI, United Kingdom; DOE, United States of America; NSF, United States of America; BCKDF, Canada; CANARIE, Canada; CRC, Canada; DRAC, Canada; CERN-CZ, Czech Republic; FORTE, Czech Republic; PRIMUS, Czech Republic; COST, European Union; ERC, European Union; ERDF, European Union; Horizon 2020, European Union; ICSC-NextGenerationEU, European Union; Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, France; Investissements d'Avenir Idex, France; ANR, France; DFG, Germany; AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos programme - by EU-ESF, Greece; Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF, Israel; MINERVA, Israel; NCN, Poland; NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, Spain; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain; PROMETEO Programme Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; GenT Programme Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Goran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; Royal Society, United Kingdom; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; Yerevan Physics Institute (FAPERJ); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN PJAS); Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo [FONDECYT 1230812, FONDECYT 1230987, FONDECYT 1240864]; Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology [MOST-2023YFA1605700]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC -12175119, NSFC 12275265, NSFC-12075060]; Czech Science Foundation [GACR-24-11373S]; Ministry of Education Youth and Sports [FORTE CZ.02.01.01/00/22_008/0004632]; PRIMUS Research Programme [PRIMUS/21/SCI/017]; H2020 European Research Council [ERC -101002463]; European Research Council [ERC-948254, ERC 101089007]; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme [MUCCA-CHIST-ERA-19-XAI-00]; European Union, Future Artificial Intelligence Research (FAIR-NextGenerationEU) [PE00000013]; Italian Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing (ICSC, NextGenerationEU); Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-20-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0022, ANR-22-EDIR-0002]; Investissements d'Avenir Labex [ANR-11-LABX-0012]; Baden-Wurttemberg Stiftung; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DFG -469666862, DFG -CR 312/5-2]; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (ICSC, NextGenerationEU), Ministero dell'Universita e della Ricerca [PRIN-20223N7F8K-PNRR M4.C2.1.1]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [JSPS KAKENHI JP22H01227, JSPS KAKENHI JP22H04944, JSPS KAKENHI JP22KK0227, JSPS KAKENHI JP23KK0245]; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research [NWO Veni 2020 -VI.Veni.202.179]; Research Council of Norway [RCN-314472]; Ministry of Science and Higher Education [9722]; Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange [PPN/PPO/2020/1/00002/U/00001]; Polish National Science Centre [NCN 2021/42/E/ST2/00350, 2022/47/B/ST2/03059, NCN UMO-2019/34/E/ST2/00393, UMO-2020/37/B/ST2/01043, UMO-2021/40/C/ST2/00187, UMO-2022/47/O/ST2/00148, UMO-2023/49/B/ST2/04085]; Slovenian Research Agency (ARIS grant) [J1-3010]; Generalitat Valenciana (Artemisa, FEDER) [IDIFEDER/2018/048]; Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN) [NextGenEU PCI2022-135018-2, PID2021125273NB, RYC2019-028510-I, RYC2020-030254-I, RYC2021-031273-I, RYC2022-038164-I]; PROMETEO Programme Generalitat Valenciana [CIDEGENT/2019/027]; GenT Programme Generalitat Valenciana [CIDEGENT/2019/027]; Swedish Research Council [2023-04654, VR 2018-00482, VR 2022-03845, VR 2022-04683, VR 2023-03403, 2021-03651]; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation [KAW2018.0157, KAW2018.0458, KAW2019.0447, KAW2022.0358]; Swiss National Science Foundation [SNSF-PCEFP2_194658]; Leverhulme Trust [RPG-2020-004]; Royal Society [NIF-R1-231091]; U.S. Department of Energy [ECA DE-AC02-76SF00515]; Neubauer Family Foundatio
Comparison of efficacy and reliability of six commercial COVID-19 diagnostic PCR kits
No full textObjectives All countries have been deeply affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, both economically and in situations that strain health systems, such as workforce and workload. Therefore, various measures should be taken to control the disease and prevent its spread. Since the disease onset, real-time PCR tests have been used as the gold standard for disease diagnosis. Owing to the rapid progress of the pandemic and the spread of the disease, validation, consistency, and optimization tests of some commercial kits have been conducted directly in the field. Therefore, it is important to compare the results of these kits and improve the existing ones. Methods We compared five kits (Bioexen, Polgen, Coronex, Diagen, and Anatolia) donated to the TOBB Economics and Technology University Hospital PCR laboratory with the KrosGen kit to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. A total of 244 samples were selected and analyzed using five different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 PCR detection kits. Results Positive and negative results from the six kits were compared using the working protocols of the kits, primers, and cycle threshold (Ct) values. Five of the six kits have reliable compatibility for Ct30 but decreases for Ct≥30. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the performance of these kits for reduced viral loads. Conclusions Using a suitable kit with high compatibility for Ct≥30 is important for detecting patients with a low viral load and helping prevent disease spread.The study was financially supported by TOBB Economy and Technology University Hospital
Solar-Driven Calcination of Clays for Sustainable Zeolite Production: Co2 Capture Performance at Ambient Conditions
No full textThis study presents the environmentally sustainable synthesis of zeolites from solar-calcined kaolin and halloysite, emphasizing their application in CO2 capture due to their distinctive porous structures and chemical attributes. Expanding upon prior research that utilized solar energy for kaolin calcination, we now explore halloysite as an alternative clay mineral for zeolite production and CO2 capture. Employing a solar simulator, halloysite was calcined at temperatures ranging from 700 to 1000 degrees C, resulting in the synthesis of zeolites 4A and 13X via hydrothermal methods. The synthesized zeolites were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), low angle XRD (LA-XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area measurements. Notably, the presence of Al-Si spinel, which crystallizes at elevated solar calcination temperatures, persisted within the zeolite 13X matrix, inducing a secondary mesoporous phase. The observed hysteresis in 13X samples, rather than confirming the mesoporous character of zeolite 13X, indicates a tandem effect of mesoporous Al-Si spinel with microporous zeolite 13X, exemplifying systems known as micro/mesoporous zeolitic composites (MZCs). The correlation obtained between the interplanar distances calculated from LA-XRD and pore size distributions acquired from the BJH desorption branches highlights LA-XRD as an alternative analysis method for assessing mesoporosity. While the microporosity of Al-Si spinel possessing 13X samples positively correlates with CO2 capture performance, mesoporosity appears to have minimal impact. Among the zeolites synthesized using solar energy, zeolite 4A (LTA) demonstrates superior CO2 capture capability, achieving an adsorption capacity of 2.15 mmol/g at 25 degrees C and 1 bar. This study highlights the potential of solar energy in producing eco-friendly zeolites from kaolin and halloysite for improved CO2 capture, advancing sustainable environmental solutions.European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme [856619]; METU-Central LaboratoryThe European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme, under grant agreement no. 856619, has funded this project. We gratefully acknowledge the support provided by METU-Central Laboratory
Design Optimization of Bellow Joints Used in Liquid Propellant Rocket Engines
No full textBellow joints are frequently used in hydraulic lines, constructions, and various areas such as nuclear stations to absorb the energy caused by flow and external forces, provide flexibility to the lines, and prevent damages such as cracking and deterioration in the flow lines. There exist various types of bellow joints (e.g., axial type, gimbal type, and hinge type) that allow axial, lateral, and angular movements. Bellow joints that assist thrust vector control in liquid propellant rocket engines prevent the hydraulic lines from being damaged during the orientation movements of the missile. While providing this flexibility to the lines in rocket engines, they create additional force against the linear actuators that move the liquid motor nozzle. This additional force causes the need for larger actuators, resulting in more weight and volume. In this study, design optimization of the bellow joint used in liquid propellant rocket engines is conducted to minimize the force transferred to the actuators by minimizing the bending moment developed in the bellow joint. It is found that the bending moment developed in the bellow joint could be reduced by a significant rate of 75 % without compromising the structural integrity of the bellow joint.TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering and ScienceThe authors acknowledge the TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering and Science for providing scholarship for the second author
A Comparative Analysis of Grid Forming and Grid Following Control Methodologies for Power Inverters Under Fault Ride Through Events
No full textInternational Conference on Smart Energy Systems and Technologies (SEST) - Driving the Advances for Future Electrification -- SEP 10-12, 2024 -- Torino, ITALYDue to operational characteristics of the renewable energy sources such as PV and wind based, they require to connect to the grid through inverters and they called as inverter-based resources (IBRs). Although, IBRs have some advantages mainly environmental, they also introduce some technical challenges including system inertia, current limiting, voltage, and frequency control. Grid following (GFL) and grid forming (GFM) are two important control methodologies of IBRs to overcome these challenges. In this paper, electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulations have been performed to compare the performance of both control methodology. The simulations present the effectivity of both control approach in fault ride through (FRT) events. It is observed that by effectively mimicking synchronous generators' (SGs) behavior, GFM offers a promising solution to enhance grid stability, especially at low inertia grids, and reliability amidst the growing integration of renewable energy resources.Energia Sistemi Elettrici,AEIT Sezione Piemonte Valle Aosta,IEEE Ind Applicat Soc,IEEE Power ; Energy Soc, Italy Chapter PE31,IEEE Italy Sect,Politecnico Torino,IEEE Italy Sect Chapter,IEEE Ind Elect Soc, IEEE Italy Sect, Chapter IE,Gruppo Univ Sistemi Elettrici Energia,IEEE Consumer Technol Soc, Italy Chapter,DENER
Effect of Cooling Rate on Microstructure, Mechanical and Wear Properties of Mg-2zn and Mg-2zn Alloys
No full textIn this study, the wear characteristics of Mg-2Zn and Mg2Zn-1Mn alloys in both dry and corrosive conditions, as well as their mechanical properties dependent on cooling rate, were examined. It has been determined that MgZn, Mg2Zn3 and MgZn2 phases are formed together with the α-Mg main matrix in the microstructure of the alloys. The highest tensile strength (188.6 MPa) was observed in section B of Mg-2Zn alloy. With this, section A of the Mg-2Zn-1Mn alloy showed the lowest wear value (0.00144 mm3/N.m) following dry wear. However, under corrosive wear conditions, the lowest wear rate (0.0008 mm3/N.m) was exhibited at B section in Mg-2Zn-1Mn alloy. In the SEM images of the abrasive tips used in the wear tests, it was determined that the scratches occurred along the wear direction, and as a result of the EDX analysis, alloying elements were transferred from the alloys to the abrasive tip. © 2024 Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum
Fiducial and Differential Cross-Section Measurements of Electroweak Wγjj Production in Pp Collisions at √s=13 Tev With the Atlas Detector
No full textTian, Yusong/0000-0001-8739-9250; Petersen, Troels/0000-0003-0221-3037; Nellist, Clara/0000-0002-5171-8579; Canbay, Ali Can/0000-0003-4602-473X; Sala, Alessandro/0000-0003-0824-7326; Camplani, Alessandra/0000-0002-6386-9788; Ventura, Andrea/0000-0002-3368-3413The observation of the electroweak production of a W boson and a photon in association with two jets, using pp collision data at the Large Hadron Collider at a centre of mass energy of root s =13 TeV, is reported. The data were recorded by the ATLAS experiment from 2015 to 2018 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb(-1). This process is sensitive to the quartic gauge boson couplings via the vector boson scattering mechanism and provides a stringent test of the electroweak sector of the Standard Model. Events are selected if they contain one electron or muon, missing transverse momentum, at least one photon, and two jets. Multivariate techniques are used to distinguish the electroweak W gamma jj process from irreducible background processes. The observed significance of the electroweak W gamma jj process is well above six standard deviations, compared to an expected significance of 6.3 standard deviations. Fiducial and differential cross sections are measured in a fiducial phase space close to the detector acceptance, which are in reasonable agreement with leading order Standard Model predictions from MadGraph5+Pythia8 and Sherpa. The results are used to constrain new physics effects in the context of an effective field theory.We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC and its injectors, as well as the support staff at CERN and at our institutions worldwide without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN, the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF/SFU (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), RAL (UK) and BNL (USA), the Tier-2 facilities worldwide and large non-WLCG resource providers. Major contributors of computing resources are listed in Ref. [63]. We gratefully acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFWandFWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS and CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF and MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXTand JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSTC, Taipei; TENMAK, Turkiye; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, USA. Individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, CRC and DRAC, Canada; CERN-CZ, PRIMUS 21/SCI/017 and UNCE SCI/013, Czech Republic; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020, ICSC-NextGenerationEU and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, Investissements d'Avenir Idex and ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSFNSF and MINERVA, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Goran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom.r In addition, individual members wish to acknowledge support fromCERN: European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN PJAS); Chile: Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (FONDECYT 1190886, FONDECYT 1210400, FONDECYT 1230812, FONDECYT 1230987); China: Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST-2023YFA1605700), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC -12175119, NSFC 12275265, NSFC-12075060); Czech Republic: PRIMUS Research Programme (PRIMUS/21/SCI/017); EU: H2020 European Research Council (ERC -101002463); European Union: European Research Council (ERC -948254, ERC 101089007), Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (MUCCA -CHIST-ERA-19-XAI-00), European Union, Future Artificial Intelligence Research (FAIR-NextGenerationEU PE00000013), Italian Center for High Performance Computing, Big Data and Quantum Computing (ICSC, NextGenerationEU); France: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-20-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0013, ANR21-CE31-0022, ANR-22-EDIR-0002), Investissements d'Avenir Labex (ANR-11-LABX-0012); Germany: Baden-Wurttemberg Stiftung (BW Stiftung-Postdoc Eliteprogramme), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG -469666862, DFG -CR 312/5-2); Italy: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (ICSC, NextGenerationEU), Ministero dell'Universita e della Ricerca (PRIN -20223N7F8K -PNRRM4.C2.1.1); Japan: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI JP21H05085, JSPS KAKENHI JP22H01227, JSPS KAKENHI JP22H04944, JSPS KAKENHI JP22KK0227); Netherlands: Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO Veni 2020 -VI.Veni.202.179); Norway: Research Council of Norway (RCN-314472); Poland: Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange (PPN/PPO/2020/1/00002/U/00001), Polish National Science Centre (NCN 2021/42/E/ST2/00350, NCN OPUS nr 2022/47/B/ST2/03059, NCN UMO-2019/34/E/ST2/00393, UMO-2020/37/B/ST2/01043, UMO-2021/40/C/ST2/00187, UMO-2022/47/O/ST2/00148); Slovenia: Slovenian Research Agency (ARIS grant J1-3010); Spain: BBVAFoundation (LEO22-1-603), GeneralitatValenciana (Artemisa, FEDER, IDIFEDER/2018/048), Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN ; NextGenEU PCI2022-135018-2, MICIN ; FEDERPID2021-125273NB, RYC2019-028510-I, RYC2020-030254I, RYC2021-031273-I, RYC2022-038164-I), PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana (CIDEGENT/2019/023, CIDE-GENT/2019/027); Sweden: Swedish Research Council (VR 201800482, VR 2022-03845, VR 2022-04683, VR grant 2021-03651), Knut and AliceWallenberg Foundation (KAW2017.0100, KAW2018.0157, KAW 2018.0458, KAW 2019.0447, KAW 2022.0358); Switzerland: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF -PCEFP2_194658); United Kingdom: Leverhulme Trust (Leverhulme TrustRPG-2020-004), Royal Society (NIF-R1-231091); United States of America: U.S. Department of Energy (ECA DE-AC02-76SF00515), Neubauer Family Foundation.CERN; NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden); KIT/GridKA (Germany); INFN-CNAF (Italy); NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain); BNL (USA); ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFWandFWF, Austria; ANAS; CNPq; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC; CFI, Canada; NSFC, China; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF; DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS; CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; BMBF; MPG, Germany; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXTand JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS; MIZS, Slovenia; MICINN, Spain; SRC; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSTC, Taipei; STFC; DOE; NSF; BCKDF; CANARIE; CRC; DRAC, Canada [PRIMUS 21/SCI/017, UNCE SCI/013]; Czech Republic; ERC; ERDF; Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, Investissements d'Avenir Idex; ANR, France; DFG; AvH Foundation, Germany - EU-ESF; Greek NSRF, Greece; BSFNSF; NCN; La Caixa Banking Foundation; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya; PROMETEO; Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Goran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; Royal Society [NIF-R1-231091]; Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN PJAS); Chile: Agencia Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo (FONDECYT) [1190886]; FONDECYT [1230987]; China: Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology [MOST-2023YFA1605700]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC -12175119, NSFC 12275265, NSFC-12075060]; Czech Republic: PRIMUS Research Programme [PRIMUS/21/SCI/017]; EU [ERC -101002463]; European Union: European Research Council [ERC -948254, ERC 101089007, MUCCA -CHIST-ERA-19-XAI-00]; European Union [FAIR-NextGenerationEU PE00000013]; France: Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-20-CE31-0013, ANR-21-CE31-0013, ANR21-CE31-0022, ANR-22-EDIR-0002]; Investissements d'Avenir Labex; Germany: Baden-Wurttemberg Stiftung; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DFG -469666862, DFG -CR 312/5-2]; Ministero dell'Universita e della Ricerca [PRIN -20223N7F8K -PNRRM4.C2.1.1]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS KAKENHI) [JP21H05085, JP22H01227, JP22H04944, JP22KK0227, RCN-314472]; Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange [PPN/PPO/2020/1/00002/U/00001]; Polish National Science Centre (NCN) [2021/42/E/ST2/00350]; NCN OPUS [2022/47/B/ST2/03059, UMO-2020/37/B/ST2/01043, UMO-2021/40/C/ST2/00187]; Slovenian Research Agency [J1-3010]; BBVAFoundation [LEO22-1-603, NextGenEU PCI2022-135018-2, FEDERPID2021-125273NB, RYC2020-030254I, RYC2021-031273-I, RYC2022-038164-I]; GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana [CIDEGENT/2019/023, CIDE-GENT/2019/027]; Swedish Research Council [VR 201800482, VR 2022-03845, VR 2022-04683, 2021-03651]; Knut and AliceWallenberg Foundation [KAW2017.0100, KAW2018.0157, KAW 2018.0458, KAW 2019.0447, SNSF -PCEFP2_194658]; United Kingdom: Leverhulme Trust; United States of America; Neubauer Family Foundatio