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A qualitative research on the national AI strategic plans, a comparative ethical analysis
No full text15th World Conference on Bioethics, Medical Ethics and Health Law October 16-19, 2023 Sheraton Porto Hotel ; Spa Porto, PortugalToday it is seen that the rapid development if AI technology will continue to accelerate. National AI strategies aim to describe both short and long-term strategies; review the needs, concerns, possibilities, and opportunities; and shape strategic AI priorities and objectives according to the reviewed facts. It is also observed that different countries have updated their strategy documents in the process due to similar needs. The aim of the study is to analyze how each country perceives AI’s effect on their nation, to understand how these national AI strategies address the concerns and opportunities of AI, and to determine how each national AI plan draws a solution methodology for the possible AI governance challenges in the future. In this qualitative study, a comprehensive content analysis of ten national strategic plans has been performed by arranging the AI action plan insights, contexts, and ethical issues these strategies address. This arranged information has been used to create codes and categories, and themes. According to the codes and categories we created, we ended up with themes such as AI research, governance/regulation, vulnerability, autonomy, diversity, inclusiveness, transparency, data issues, fair distribution, AI approach, and promotion of national AI values problems
Search for Dark Photons in Rare Z Boson Decays With the Atlas Detector
No full textA search for events with a dark photon produced in association with a dark Higgs boson via rare decays of the standard model Z boson is presented, using 139 fb^{-1} of sqrt[s]=13 TeV proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The dark boson decays into a pair of dark photons, and at least two of the three dark photons must each decay into a pair of electrons or muons, resulting in at least two same-flavor opposite-charge lepton pairs in the final state. The data are found to be consistent with the background prediction, and upper limits are set on the dark photon's coupling to the dark Higgs boson times the kinetic mixing between the standard model photon and the dark photon, α_{D}ϵ^{2}, in the dark photon mass range of [5, 40] GeV except for the ϒ mass window [8.8, 11.1] GeV. This search explores new parameter space not previously excluded by other experiments
Approximation Results for the Moments of Random Walk With Normally Distributed Interference of Chance
No full textIn this study, a random walk process (X (t)) with normally distributed interference of chance is considered. In the literature, this process has been shown to be ergodic and the limit form of the ergodic distribution has been found. Here, unlike previous studies, the moments of the X (t) process are investigated. Although studies investigating the moment problem for various stochastic processes (such as renewal-reward processes) exist in the literature, it has not been considered for random walk processes, as it requires the use of new mathematical tools. Therefore, in this study, firstly, the exact formulas for the first four moments of the ergodic distribution of the X (t) process, which is a modification of the random walk process, are found. Due to the extremely complex mathematical structure of the exact formulas, in the second part of the study, three-term asymptotic expansions are attained for these moments. Based on the asymptotic expansions, simple and useful approximation formulas, for the moments of the process X (t) are proposed. In order to show that the approximate formulas are close enough to the exact formulas, a special example is given at the end of the study and the accuracy of the approximate formulas is examined on this example
Calibration-Based Polynomial-Fit Non-Uniformity Correction on Thermal Imaging Systems
No full textThe 3rd BEYOND 2023: Computational Science, Mathematical Modeling and Engineering Conference TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara-Turkey, 19-20 October 2023Infrared Focal Plane Arrays (IRFPAs) are used in many areas today as they provide the imaging ability to electro-optical systems. However, the raw images acquired from IRFPAs are usually not useful forthwith since there exist several undesired effects. Non-uniformity (NU) is one of these undesired effects which is caused by several factors such as the cosine-fourth-power effect, photo-detectors on IRFPA being nonidentical, fixed-pattern noise, etc. To eliminate NU and obtain a clearer image, an appropriate nonuniformity correction (NUC) procedure must be applied to the raw image. There are fundamentally two different types of NUC methods that are scene-based and calibration-based. Calibration-based methods rely on adjusting the responsivity of each photo-detector on IRFPA by calibrating the photo-detector response with the help of a uniform radiation source, while scenebased methods rely on correcting the image based on scenery by adjusting NUC parameters in run time with the help of neural-network algorithms, Kalman filter, etc. In this study, a calibrationbased Polynomial-Fit NUC (PFNUC) method is presented and compared to a 2-point NUC (2PNUC) method that is currently used in a serial production thermal imaging system. 2PNUC is one of the most common NUC methods used in thermal imaging systems, where the response of the IRFPA is calibrated based on the raw images taken from a blackbody (BB) at two different temperatures. A gain factor and an offset value are calculated for each photo-detector by using digital signal levels (well-fill level) of the raw image. Ultimately, a gain and an offset table (NUC tables) are formed and applied to the raw image. In serial production systems, each system is usually calibrated at constant BB temperatures. However, this is not appropriate since there may be a considerable amount of variance in the average responsivity of IRFPAs used in systems that may be caused by a couple of reasons such as the different optical transmissions in optics due to imperfection in optical coatings, primitive methods during focus and alignment of the optics, slightly different gain factors on the read-out circuits of the IRFPAs, etc. Given that, when 2PNUC is performed at constant BB temperatures, it leads to both systems being calibrated at different well-fill levels and having different residual NU (RNU) over their dynamic range, which is quite an unwanted characteristic from systems of the same production line. RNU is a measure of how non-uniform is the response of the IRFPA when a uniform radiation source is present in its field of view and an evaluation metric for the NUC method. Despite the average responsivity variance in IRFPAs, the well-fill curve characteristics are quite similar, so it is possible to perform a polynomial fitting. Given that a PFNUC method is proposed and the responses of IRFPAs are calibrated based on a third-order polynomial-fit estimation in which the well-fill levels of each photo-detector are fitted to the median values of IRFPA at four different raw BB images over the dynamic range. By doing so, the coefficients of the fitted polynomial are calculated and the PFNUC tables are formed. A third order PFNUC covers the polynomial characteristics of photo-detectors’ responsivities on IRFPA greatly and it decreases the total RNU by around 50% on average
Development Of A Design Tool For Optimization Of The Number, Size, And Flange Geometry Of The Bolts Used In Assembling Cylindrical Bodies
No full text12th Ankara Internatıonal Aerospace Conference (AIAC) 13-15 September 2023In this study, a bolt design optimization tool is developed for optimization of the flange geometry and the bolts used in cylindrical structures. Firstly, a bolt design tool is developed by using classical bolt-member theories and NASA procedures, since the code is aimed to be used in rocket bodies. The accuracy of the developed design tool is validated by comparing it to finite element analysis using ABAQUS. Then, an optimization tool is built by using MATLAB. Finally, the performance of the bolt design optimization tool is validated using example problems in the literature and a user interface is designed for the code
The Effect of Fertility on Female Labor Supply in a Labor Market With Extensive Informality
No full textArticle; Early AccessThis paper presents new evidence on the causal link between fertility and female labor supply by focusing on how informal employment interacts with maternal labor supply. We employ an IV strategy based on an unused data source for twin births in Turkey|a large middle-income country with extensive labor informality. We find that, following the first birth, female labor supply declines significantly and mothers who drop out of labor force are mostly the informally employed ones. This is contrary to the perception that informal jobs might be easier to sustain during motherhood as they are more flexible. Following further increases in family size, formally employed mothers start dropping out of labor force and their hours of work also decline. Higher fertility also leads to lower wages and lower job search intensity among mothers. We document substantial differences between maternal versus paternal labor supply in response to changes in family size. Unlike mothers, fathers increase their labor supply, which mostly comes from elevated informal employment|possibly due to a decline in their reservation wages. As a result, wages decline, hours of work increase, and job search activity shifts from formal to informal search methods for fathers. These results suggest that higher fertility might be associated with increased vulnerabilities and high labor income risks in countries with pervasive labor informality. Our estimates are robust to using alternative IV specifications based on gender composition of siblings
The Role of Animacy in Turkish Relative Clause Production and Distribution
No full textArticle; Early AccessRelative clause (RC) production has been a major tool used for understanding language production mechanism in experimental linguistics. The present study analyzes language production mechanisms in Turkish by utilizing animacy effect on RC production. A picture description task was applied to two participant groups. The data were combined and analyzed to see how animacy influenced RC formation. The outcomes were also compared to the distributions of RC use in corpus data. Both participant and corpus data demonstrated significant level of passivization for RCs with animate heads, strongly affirming the grammatical function assignment proposal by Bock and Warren (Cognition 21(1):47-67, 1985) as well as the premise of Production-Distribution-Comprehension account (MacDonald in Front Psychol 4:226, 2013), emphasizing the relationship between language production mechanisms and typology. However, the corpus data were observed to have higher numbers of passivization with animate condition. Accordingly, a coarse comparison of the participant RC production proportions in the current study with some other crosslinguistic research suggests that some language-specific or discourse-related interventions can also compete with the animacy accessibility during the sentence planning procedure, which needs an extra inquiry especially in Turkish language
Common Skin Manifastations in Intensive Care
No full textAlthough intensive care treatment is life-saving, it also brings with it a number of undesirable events. Skin rash is not uncommon in a patient whose condition is critical, but treatment should be evaluated quickly and planning should be made to prevent it. If a drug reaction is suspected, all medications that may be relevant should be reevaluated. © 2023 Anestezi Dergisi. All rights reserved
