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Closed Versus Medial Open Reduction in the Treatment of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Under Age 1: a Retrospective Comparative Study
No full textObjective: This study aimed to compare the mid-term results of closed reduction (CR) versus medial open reduction (MOR) in the treatment of children with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) under age 1. Methods: Thirty-four patients with DDH (41 hips) were included in this retrospective study with a mean follow-up of 4.2 years (range: 2-6.9 years). All hips were then divided into 2 groups based on the treatment type: the CR group (20 hips) and the MOR group (21 hips). All hips from both groups were assessed with post-spica magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the first 24 hours, and reinterventions were recorded. Medial dye pool width was also measured. Results: Age at the time of reduction was similar between the CR and MOR groups (6.6 ± 1.3 months vs. 6.7 ± 1.6 months). There was no significant difference between groups regarding avascular necrosis rate and further corrective surgery (FCS) requirement (P =.454,.697). The appropriate reduction was seen at 38/41 hips. Three hips in the CR group had revealed dislocation in post-spica MRIs and required re-intervention, and none of the hips in the MOR group required re-intervention (P =.107). Medial dye pool width in 3 planes showed no significant difference between MOR and CR. Conclusion: There is no difference in the avascular necrosis rate and FCS requirements between CR and MOR under age 1. Post-spica MRI is a favorable tool for evaluating reduction after CR, but its efficacy after MOR is questionable. © 2023, AVES. All rights reserved
An Investigation on the Energy Absorption Capability of Aluminum Foam-Filled Multi-Cell Tubes
No full textAluminum foams are employed more and more in the automobile sector in order to increase the crashworthiness of energy absorbers. This study examines the energy absorption potential of multi-cellular tubes filled with Al foams. The mean crush forces of foam-filled tubes are calculated using a theoretical model that takes into account the effects of the tube, the foam, and their interaction. A numerical model including the damage constitutive equations is also built to examine the additional crashworthiness properties, such as specific energy absorption and crush force efficiency. The numerical and theoretical models are validated through experiments under quasi-static axial loading, where crashworthiness metrics and deformation images of the tubes are compared. It is observed that the inclusion of damage criteria in the numerical simulation can accurately simulate the deformation of the tubular specimens. It was discovered that foam-filled tubes efficiently absorbed more energy without considerably adding to their total weight compared to hollow, thin-walled tubes. Inserting aluminum foam inside the T4 multi-cell tube improved energy absorption (EA) and crush force efficiency (CFE) by 140 and 84%, respectively. Similarly, inserting aluminum foam inside the T8 multi-cell tube improved EA and CFE by 60 and 34%, respectively. It is also found that the mean force values of empty and foam-filled multi-cell tubes can be predicted using an empirical formula with an error less than 5 and 15%, respectively. Due to their high stiffness-to-weight ratio and energy absorption capacity, foam-filled multi-cell tubes can be utilized as energy absorbers to reduce damage and additional harm to the passengers in the event of an accident.TUBITAK (the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye) under the ARDEB-1002 Program [115M025]The experimental results obtained in this paper is from the research project which was supported by TUBITAK (the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye) under the ARDEB-1002 Program (Project Number 115M025)
Fikri Haklarda Üç Adım Testi
No full textBilgi birikiminin artması ve bu bilginin kullanılması ile insanlık tarihi önemli gelişmelere adım atmıştır. Bu sayede birçok teknolojik, bilimsel ve kültürel gelişmeler sağlanmıştır. Bu gelişmelerin devamlılığının sağlanması ve yeni gelişmelerin teşvik edilmesi için bilginin korunması gerekir. Bunun için fikri mülkiyet hukuku doğmuştur. Bu sayede fikirler koruma altına alınarak yeni fikirler üretilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Fikri mülkiyet hakları kapsamına sınai mülkiyet hakları ve fikri haklar girmektedir. Sınai mülkiyet hakları; marka, patent, coğrafi işaret, endüstriyel tasarım gibi hakları içerir. Fikri haklar ise eser sahipliğinden doğan haklardır. Fikri haklar, mali haklar ve manevi haklar olmak üzere ikiye ayrılır. Manevi haklar üzerinde tasarruf edilemeyen ve sınırlandırılamayan haklardır. Mali hakların ise üzerinde tasarruf edilebilir ve bu haklar kanun koyucu tarafından sınırlandırılabilir. Mali hakların ne düzeyde sınırlandırılabileceği uluslararası hukukta üç adım testi ile düzenlenmiştir. Üç adım testi ile eser sahibinin mali hakları ile kamunun menfaatleri arasında bir denge kurulmaya çalışılmıştır. Üç adım testi üç unsurdan oluşmaktadır. Üç adım testinin unsurları; sınırlandırmanın belirli özel durumlarla sınırlı olması, eserden normal yararlanmaya aykırı olmaması ve eser sahibinin meşru menfaatlerine makul olmayan bir zarar verilmemesidir. Bu üç unsurun lafzı geniş ve yoruma açık bir şekilde düzenlenmiştir. Böylece, farklı devlet sistemlerinde uygulanabilir ancak bu denli geniş düzenlenmesi farklı yorumlanmasına ve farklı uygulanmasına sebep olmuştur. Türk hukukunda uygulanmasının nasıl olacağı hususuna cevap verilememektedir. Öğretide ise diğer ülkelere kıyasla az sayıda çalışma mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada 5846 sayılı Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu'nda (FSEK) düzenlenen eser sahibinin mali hakları ve bu haklara getirilen sınırlandırmalar ele alınacak akabinde, üç adım testi irdelenecek, en son ise FSEK kapsamında üç adım testinin nasıl uygulanacağı tartışılacaktır.The history of humanity has taken significant strides with the increase in the accumulation of knowledge and its utilization. This has led to numerous technological, scientific, and cultural advancements. To ensure the continuity of these developments and encourage new innovations, it is essential to protect knowledge. For this purpose, intellectual property law has emerged, aiming to safeguard ideas and promote the generation of new ones. Intellectual property rights encompass industrial property rights and copyrights. Industrial property rights include trademarks, patents, geographical indications, industrial designs, and other similar rights. Copyrights, on the other hand, are rights derived from authorship. They can be divided into economic rights and moral rights. Moral rights are non-transferable and cannot be restricted. Economic rights, however, can be transferred, and their scope can be limited by legislative bodies. The extent to which economic rights can be restricted is governed by the three-step test in international law. The three-step test aims to strike a balance between the economic rights of the creator and the interests of the public. The three-step test consists of three elements. These elements include being limited to certain special circumstances, not conflicting with the normal exploitation of the work, and not unreasonably prejudicing the legitimate interests of the creator. The wording of these three elements is broad and open to interpretation. As a result, it can be applied in different legal systems, but its broad formulation has led to varying interpretations and applications. The question of how it will be implemented in Turkish law cannot be definitively answered. Moreover, there are relatively few studies in the doctrine compared to other countries. In this study, the economic rights of the creator regulated under Law No. 5846 on Intellectual and Artistic Works (FSEK) will be addressed, along with the limitations imposed on these rights. Subsequently, the three-step test will be analyzed, and finally, the application of the three-step test within the scope of FSEK will be discussed
The Effects of Secondary Stressors, Social Identity, and Social Support on Perceived Stress and Resilience: Findings From the Covid-19 Pandemic
No full textPrimary stressors are direct outcomes of extreme events (e.g., viruses, floodwater) whereas secondary stressors stem from pre-disaster life circumstances and societal arrangements (e.g., illness, problematic pre-disaster pol-icies) or from inefficient responses to the extreme event. Secondary stressors can cause significant long-term damage to people affected but are also tractable and amenable to change. In this study we explored the asso-ciation between secondary stressors, social identity processes, social support, and perceived stress and resilience. Pre-registered analyses of data from the COVIDiSTRESS Global Survey Round II (N = 14,600; 43 countries) show that secondary stressors are positively associated with perceived stress and negatively associated with resilience, even when controlling for the effects of primary stressors. Being a woman or having lower socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with higher exposure to secondary stressors, higher perceived stress, and lower resilience. Importantly, social identification is positively associated with expected support and with increased resilience and lower perceived stress. However, neither gender, SES, or social identification moderated the relationship be-tween secondary stressors and perceived stress and resilience. In conclusion, systemic reforms and the avail-ability of social support are paramount to reducing the effects of secondary stressors
Search for Light Long-Lived Neutral Particles That Decay To Collimated Pairs of Leptons or Light Hadrons in Pp Collisions at √s=13 Tev With the Atlas Detector
No full textA search for light long-lived neutral particles with masses in the O(MeV-GeV) range is presented. The analysis targets the production of long-lived dark photons in the decay of a Higgs boson produced via gluon-gluon fusion or in association with a W boson. Events that contain displaced collimated Standard Model fermions reconstructed in the calorimeter or muon spectrometer are selected in 139 fb(-1) of p s = 13TeV pp collision data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Background estimates for contributions from Standard Model processes and instrumental effects are extracted from data. The observed event yields are consistent with the expected background. Exclusion limits are reported on the production cross-section times branching fraction as a function of the mean proper decay length c tau of the dark photon, or as a function of the dark-photon mass and kinetic mixing parameter that quantifies the coupling between the Standard Model and potential hidden (dark) sectors. A Higgs boson branching fraction above 1% is excluded at 95% CL for a Higgs boson decaying into two dark photons for dark-photon mean proper decay lengths between 10 mm and 250 mm and dark photons with masses between 0.4 GeV and 2 GeV.ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW, Austria; FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; CNPq, Brazil; FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, Canada; NRC, Canada; CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, China; MOST, China; NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, Denmark; DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, France; CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, Germany; HGF, Germany; MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC, China; Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, Israel; Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT, Japan; JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MEiN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS, Slovenia; MIZS, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC, Sweden; Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, Switzerland; SNSF, Switzerland; Canton of Bern, Switzerland; Canton of Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TENMAK, Turkiye; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE, United States of America; NSF, United States of America; BCKDF, Canada; CANARIE, Canada; Compute Canada, Canada; CRC, Canada; PRIMUS, Czech Republic [21/SCI/017]; UNCE, Czech Republic [SCI/013]; COST, European Union; ERC, European Union; ERDF, European Union; Horizon 2020, European Union; Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, France; Investissements d'Avenir Idex, France; ANR, France; DFG, Germany; AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos programme - EU-ESF, Greece; Thales programme - EU-ESF, Greece; Aristeia programme - EU-ESF, Greece; Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF, Israel; MINERVA, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN, Poland; NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, Spain; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain; PROMETEO Programme Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; GenT Programme Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Goran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; Royal Society, United Kingdom; Leverhulme Trust, United KingdomWe acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS and CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF and MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MEiN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TENMAK, Turkiye; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, Compute Canada and CRC, Canada; PRIMUS 21/SCI/017 and UNCE SCI/013, Czech Republic; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020 and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, Investissements d'Avenir Idex and ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and MINERVA, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Goran Gustafssons Stiftelse, Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom
Bonding Additively Manufactured Pla Materials: Effects of Joint Scarf Angle and Substrate Raster Orientation
No full textThe aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the scarf angle of the bonding region and the raster orientation of 3D printed substrates for the adhesive scarf joints made of additively manufactured Polylactic acid (PLA) adherends. In the first step, single PLA specimens were 3D printed using the fused filament fabrication (FFF) process in three different raster orientations of 0º, 45º, and 90º. The joints were built with five different scarf angles. The tensile and compression tests of all the specimens were conducted to determine the failure loads for different scarf angles and raster orientations. It is found that the endured load before rupture varies measurably as a function of the raster orientation of printed substrates and scarf angle of the joint, but differently for tensile and compression loadings. An optimization was also done for the joints with substrates of 45? raster orientation and different scarf angles to find a suitable scarf angle, with which the joint can have an acceptable behavior (i.e. reasonable values of the failure load) under both compression and tensile loadings. Consequently, the optimal scarf angle was determined to be about 30
Measurement of the Polarisation of W Bosons Produced in Top-Quark Decays Using Dilepton Events at S=13 Tev With the Atlas Experiment
No full textA measurement of the polarisation of W bosons produced in top-quark decays is presented, using proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV. The data were collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1. The measurement is performed selecting tt¯ events decaying into final states with two charged leptons (electrons or muons) and at least two b-tagged jets. The polarisation is extracted from the differential cross-section distribution of the cosθ⁎ variable, where θ⁎ is the angle between the momentum direction of the charged lepton from the W boson decay and the reversed momentum direction of the b-quark from the top-quark decay, both calculated in the W boson rest frame. Parton-level results, corrected for the detector acceptance and resolution, are presented for the cosθ⁎ angle. The measured fractions of longitudinal, left- and right-handed polarisation states are found to be f0=0.684±0.005(stat.)±0.014(syst.), fL=0.318±0.003(stat.)±0.008(syst.) and fR=−0.002±0.002(stat.)±0.014(syst.), in agreement with the Standard Model prediction. © 2023 The Author(s)We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; ANID, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; Minciencias, Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS and CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF and MPG, Germany; GSRI, Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MEiN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZŠ, Slovenia; DSI/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TENMAK, Türkiye; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, Canarie, Compute Canada and CRC, Canada; PRIMUS 21/SCI/017 and UNCE SCI/013, Czech Republic; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020 and Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex, Investissements d'Avenir Idex and ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and MINERVA, Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA, Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation, CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; Göran Gustafssons Stiftelser, Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN, the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (UK) and BNL (USA), the Tier-2 facilities worldwide and large non-WLCG resource providers. Major contributors of computing resources are listed in Ref. [1].IN2P3-CNRS; CC-IN2P3; 2014-2021; SCI/013; National Science Foundation, NSF; U.S. Department of Energy, USDOE; Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, AvH; Alabama Space Grant Consortium, ASGC; Brookhaven National Laboratory, BNL; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT; H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, MSCA; Multiple Sclerosis Scientific Research Foundation, MSSRF; CERN; Göran Gustafssons Stiftelser; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, NSERC; National Research Council Canada, NRC; Canada Foundation for Innovation, CFI; Science and Technology Facilities Council, STFC; Leverhulme Trust; European Research Council, ERC; European Cooperation in Science and Technology, COST; Australian Research Council, ARC; National Stroke Foundation, NSF; Neurosurgical Research Foundation, NRF; Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, HGF; Minerva Foundation; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG; Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, KAKEN; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, MEXT; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, SNF; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond, DNRF; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP; National Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC; Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, MŠMT; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, FCT; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF; Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Austrian Science Fund, FWF; Generalitat de Catalunya; Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, MOST; Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, ANPCyT; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, NWO; Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Wirtschaft, BMWFW; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq; Nella and Leon Benoziyo Center for Neurological Diseases, Weizmann Institute of Science; Israel Science Foundation, ISF; Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN; Narodowe Centrum Nauki, NCN; Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS, ARRS; Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnološkog Razvoja, MPNTR; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, MICINN; Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique, CNRST; Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation, SBFI; Horizon 2020; British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund, BCKDF: 21/SCI/017; European Regional Development Fund, ERDF; Defence Science Institute, DSI; Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej, NAWA; Institutul de Fizică Atomică, IFA; Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANID; Royal Society of South Australia, RSSA; Irish Rugby Football Union, IRFUWe acknowledge the support of ANPCyT , Argentina; YerPhI , Armenia; ARC , Australia; BMWFW and FWF , Austria; ANAS , Azerbaijan; CNPq and FAPESP , Brazil; NSERC , NRC and CFI , Canada; CERN ; ANID , Chile; CAS , MOST and NSFC , China; Minciencias , Colombia; MEYS CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC , Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS and CEA-DRF/IRFU , France; SRNSFG , Georgia; BMBF , HGF and MPG , Germany; GSRI , Greece; RGC and Hong Kong SAR , China; ISF and Benoziyo Center , Israel; INFN , Italy; MEXT and JSPS , Japan; CNRST , Morocco; NWO , Netherlands; RCN , Norway; MEiN , Poland; FCT , Portugal; MNE/IFA , Romania; MESTD , Serbia; MSSR , Slovakia; ARRS and MIZŠ , Slovenia; DSI/NRF , South Africa; MICINN , Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation , Sweden; SERI , SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva , Switzerland; MOST , Taiwan; TENMAK , Türkiye; STFC , United Kingdom; DOE and NSF , United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF , Canarie , Compute Canada and CRC , Canada; PRIMUS 21/SCI/017 and UNCE SCI/013, Czech Republic; COST , ERC , ERDF , Horizon 2020 and Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions , European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex , Investissements d'Avenir Idex and ANR , France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos , Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF , Greece; BSF-NSF and MINERVA , Israel; Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014-2021, Norway; NCN and NAWA , Poland; La Caixa Banking Foundation , CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya and PROMETEO and GenT Programmes Generalitat Valenciana , Spain; Göran Gustafssons Stiftelser , Sweden; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust , United Kingdom
Covid-19 Associated Brain Fog and Neurocognitive Assessment
No full textBACKGROUND/AIMS: In this study, we aimed to make detailed neurocognitive assessments of patients who presented with brain fog after coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection and to investigate their complaints after one-year of follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who had COVID-19, which was not severe enough to require intensive care, and who subsequently applied to neurology due to cognitive complaints were included in this study. A neurocognitive test battery was applied to those patients who agreed to detailed examination (n=16). This battery consisted of the following tests: mini-mental test, enhanced cued recall test, phonemic fluency, categorical fluency, digit span, counting the months backwards, clock-drawing, arithmetic operations, trail-making, cube copying, intersecting pentagons, and the interpretation of proverbs and similes. At one year, the patients were called by phone and questioned as to whether their cognitive complaints had persisted. Those patients with ongoing complaints were invited to the hospital and re-evaluated via cognitive tests. The results are presented in comparison with age-matched healthy controls (n=15). RESULTS: Almost all of the patients' scores were within the normal range. The Spontaneous recall of the patients was statistically significantly lower than the controls (p=0.03). Although there were decreases in executive functions and central processing speed (trail making-A, trail making-B and reciting the months backwards tests) in the patient group, these differences were not statistically significant (p=0.07; p=0.14 and p=0.22, respectively) compared to the controls. We observed that the cognitive complaints of the patients had disappeared by the one-year follow-up. CONCLUSION: In our patients with brain fog, most of whom had mild COVID-19, we observed that among all cognitive functions, memory domain was most affected compared to the controls. At the one-year follow-up, COVID-related brain fog had disappeared
Disulfonated Polyarylene Ether Sulfone Membrane for Graphitic Carbon Nitride/Zinc Oxide Based Photo-Supercapacitors
No full textPhoto-supercapacitors (PSCs) are environmentally friendly devices that directly convert and store solar energy into electricity and have a high potential to eliminate the need for grid electricity for a sustainable future. In this study, lithiated (Li+) biphenol-based disulfonated poly (arylene ether sulfone) random copolymer (BPS) mem-brane has been successfully integrated into graphitic carbon nitride/zinc oxide nanowire composite-based PSC to increase the efficiency and to offer simpler and more cost-effective designs. It has been observed that after UV illumination specific capacitance (C-p) and energy density (E-d) increased 2.8 and 2.7-fold, respectively, indicating that the PSC with BPS-Li(+)performs approximately 3 times better under illumination than dark conditions. Furthermore, at elevated temperatures and 100% relative humidity C-p and E-d of the PSC increased to 23.61 Fg(-1) and 47.22 Whkg(-1) at 85 degrees C, respectively. This enhancement can be linked to the temperature-boosted ionic conductivity of the membrane